二十二碳六烯酸对大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活性钾通道的影响

目的探讨二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞(CASMCs)上大电导钙激活性钾通道(BKCa)的影响。方法采用酶消化法获得大鼠CASMCs,用膜片钳技术分别记录0,10,20,40,60和80μmol/LDHA对大鼠CASMCs上BKCa通道动力学的影响。结果在不同浓度DHA作用下,IBKCa和BKCa尾电流均呈浓度依赖性增加。IBKCa和BKCa尾电流I-V曲线均上移,对IBKCa稳态激活曲线无影响。在指令电压+150 mV,不同浓度DHA作用下,IBKCa电流密度分别为68.24±22.75,72.40±24.49,120.44±37.96,237.48±53.22,323.60±74.83和370.61±88.16pA/pF(P<0.05,n=20)。DHA对IBKCa激活的药物半效浓度为36.22±2.17μmol/L。在测试电压+90 mV,不同浓度DHA作用下,BKCa尾电流密度分别为91.02±13.52,100.23±17.34,224.02±38.76,369.19±65.39,511.39±82.77和700.14±96.64 pA/pF(P<0.05,n=20)。结论 DHA对全细胞BKCa有激活作用,对稳态激活曲线无影响。DHA对BKCa通道的激活作用可能是其舒张血管机制之一。     

高血压大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活钾通道的变化

目的研究在高血压背景下大电导钙激活钾(BK)通道的功能改变及其机制。方法用酶解消化方法分离12～16周龄自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和WKY大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞(CASMCS),采用膜片钳全细胞模式记录SHR和WKY大鼠CASMCSBK电流,SHR和WKY大鼠BKα亚基和β1亚基mRNA水平用实时定量取聚合酶链式反应和凝胶电泳测定,蛋白水平表达用免疫组化的方法测定。结果 SHR大鼠CASMCS(n=6)BK电流密度比WKY(n=7)高2.03±0.62(P0.01);在mRNA水平,BKβ1亚基表达SHR组明显高于WKY组5.534±1.03倍(n=4,P0.05),BKα亚基表达则无明显差异(1.266±0.12,n=4,P0.05);BKβ1亚基和α亚基的表达SHR大鼠高于WKY大鼠。结论 SHR大鼠CASMCSBK电流密度比WKY大鼠增大,在mRNA和蛋白水平上BKβ1亚基表达也比WKY大鼠增强,这种变化可能是机体在高血压时自我调节的结果 。     

二十二碳六烯酸对大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活性钾电流的影响

目的探讨二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞(CASMCs)上大电导钙激活性钾电流(BK_(Ca))的影响。方法采用酶消化法获得大鼠CASMCs,并用单通道内膜向外(inside-out)模式及全细胞膜片钳技术记录,分别加入10、20、30、40、50、60、70和80μmol/L DHA后,大鼠CASMCs的BK_(Ca)变化。结果 (1)单通道inside-out模式下,测试电位-60 mV及DHA浓度>10μmol/L时,BK_(Ca)的开放概率(Po)增大,且呈浓度依赖性,Po从[(0.072±0.003)0μmol/L DHA,n=6]增至[(0.601±0.030)80μmol/L DHA,n=10,P<0.05],半效激活浓度为(36.110±0.080)μmol/L;当DHA浓度<10μmol/L时,Po增加不明显(P>0.05);(2)全细胞模式下,随着DHA浓度增加,BK_(Ca)电流密度逐渐增大,且呈浓度依赖性。测试电位+80 mV,BK_(Ca)电流密度从[(48.9±2.5)pA/pF 0μmol/L,n=6]增至[(226.3±11.3)pA/pF 60μmol/L,n=8,P<0.05]。结论随着DHA浓度的增加,BK_(Ca)Po及电流密度逐渐增大,DHA对BK_(Ca)的影响可能是舒张血管的机制之一。     

冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾通道电流的特点

目的探讨正常大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾通道（BK通道）电流的特点,为研究疾病状况下冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流异常变化提供正常对照。方法酶消化法分离大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞;采用不同阻滞剂,对冠状动脉血管平滑肌细胞上钾通道进行鉴定;采用全细胞和单通道膜片钳实验技术分别记录冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流,计算开放幅度和电导,观察BK通道电压敏感性和钙敏感性及加入特异性BK通道阻滞剂IBTX后BK通道电流的变化。结果正常冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流约占总钾离子流65％±4％（t／,=12）,BK通道电导为（258±42）pS（n=6）,在刺激电位150mV时,电流密度为（275±40）pA／pF（n=8）;在电极外液钙离子浓度为1μmol／L,刺激电位为0、20、40、60、80、100、120、140和160mV条件下,BK通道开放概率（NP0）分别为0、0．0002、0．0016±0．0005、0．0283±0．0081、0．05694±0．0102、0．3533±0．0514、1．4922±0．1578、2．5975±0．3632和4．6041±0．7834（P〈0．05,n=5）;在刺激电位60mV,电极外液钙离子浓度为0、0．001、0．01、0．1、1、10、50和100μmol／L条件下,BK通道NP。分别为0、0．0001、0．0031±0．0008、0．0042±0．0090、0．0808±0．0105、0．7591±0．1274、2．7242±0．4612和3．2366±0．5728（P〈0．05,n=6）。结论BK通道广泛分布于冠状动脉平滑肌细胞上,具有电压敏感性和钙敏感性,对冠状动脉血管张力调节起重要作用。     

冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾通道电流的特点

Objective To investigate characteristics of large conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ currents ( BK currents) in normal rat coronary smooth muscle cells. Methods Coronary smooth muscle cells were isolated by enzyme digestion. Potassium channels in coronary smooth muscle cells were identified by applications of different potassium blockers. BK currents were recorded by patch clamp in whole ce11 and single channel configuration,respectively. BK currents amplitude and conductance were calculated. Voltage-sensitive and calciumsensitive characteristics of BK currents and changes with IBTX,a specific blocker,were observed. Results BK currents in normal smooth muscle cells accounted for 65% ± 4% of total potassium currents( n = 12), BK current conductance was (258 ± 42) pS ( n = 6), and current densities were ( 275 ± 40 ) pA/pF at voltage 150 mV ( n = 8). Open probabilities ( NP0 ) of BK channels at calcium 1 μmol/L in external solution and test potentials at 0,20,40,60,80,100,120,140 and 160 mV were 0,0. 0002,0. 0016 ± 0. 0005,0. 0283 ± 0. 0081,0. 05694 ±0. 0102,0. 3533 ± 0. 0514,1. 4922 ± 0. 1578,2. 5975 ± 0. 3632, and 4. 6041 ± 0. 7834, respectively (P＜0.05,n =5). NP0 of BK channels at test potential 60 mV,and calcium in external solution at 0,0. 001,0. 01,0. 1,1,10,50 and 100 μmol/L were 0,0.0001,0.0031 ± 0.0008,0.0042 ± 0.0090,0.0808 ± 0.0105,0.7591 ±0. 1274,2.7242 ±0.4612,and 3.2366 ±0.5728,respectively(P ＜0.05,n =6). Conclusion BK channels are widely distributed in normal coronary smooth muscle cells, have voltage-sensitive and calcium-sensitive characteristics, and play an important role in regulation of coronary vascular tension.     

糖尿病冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾通道开放概率及蛋白表达的变化

目的研究糖尿病对冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾通道(BK通道)开放概率(NP0)及蛋白表达的影响,探讨糖尿病冠状动脉损伤的分子机制。方法采用链脲霉素腹腔内注射建立糖尿病大鼠动物模型,成功建立20只糖尿病大鼠动物模型作为糖尿病组;对照组(n=20)相应注射生理盐水。酶消化法分离冠状动脉平滑肌细胞,单通道膜片钳实验技术记录大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流;采用Western blot实验方法测定大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道亚基的蛋白表达。结果在电极外液钙离子浓度为1μmol/L,刺激电位为0,20,40,60,80,100和120 mV条件下,糖尿病组冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道NP0明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。如刺激电位为120 mV时,对照组和糖尿病组大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道NP0分别为1.210 5±0.048 1(n=5)和0.5217±0.1346(n=5);与对照组比较,糖尿病组BK通道α亚基蛋白表达无差异(P>0.05),但β1亚基蛋白表达下降了63%(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道β1亚基表达下调、BK通道NP0降低可能是糖尿病冠状动脉功能损伤的重要原因。     

二十二碳六烯酸增加大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾离子流的机制

目的 探讨二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)增加冠状动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)大电导钙离子激活钾离子流(BK)的机制.方法酶消化法分离正常大鼠冠状动脉SMC.采用不同钾通道阻滞剂,对冠状动脉SMC的钾离子通道进行鉴定.采用全细胞膜片钳实验技术研究DHA及其代谢产物16,17-环氧二十二碳五烯酸(16,17-EDP)对冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道的影响,并观察加入细胞色素P450环氧化酶抑制剂SKF525A孵育SMC后BK通道电流的变化.结果正常冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流约占总钾离子流的(64.2±2.7)%(n=20).DHA可激活BK通道,半效浓度为(0.23±0.03)μmoL/L,但当使用细胞色素P450环氧化酶抑制剂SKF525A预孵育SMC后,DHA对BK通道的激活作用消失,而DHA代谢产物16,17-EDP可产生与DHA相同的BK通道激活作用,半效浓度为(19.7±2.8)nmol/L.结论 DHA通过细胞色素P450环氧化酶代谢途径激活平滑肌细胞BK通道,从而扩张冠状动脉.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the mechanism of enhanced large conductance calciumactivated potassium channel currents (BK) in coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Methods Coronary SMCs were isolated by enzyme digestion. Potassium channels in coronary SMCs were identified by applications of different potassium blockers. Effects of DHA and its metabolite 16,17-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (16,17-EDP) on BK channels in the absence and presence of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A were studied by patch clamp in whole-cell configuration. Results BK channels were widely distributed in SMCs, and BK currents in normal SMCs accounted for (64.2±2.7)%of total potassium currents(n =20). DHA could activate BK channels, and its 50% effective concentration (EC50) was (0.23±0.03)μmol/L, however, the effect of DHA on BK channels was abolished after SMCs were incubated with cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A. 16,17-EDP, a metabolite of DHA, could reproduce the effects of DHA on BK channels, and its EC50 was (19.7± 2.8) nmol/L.Conclusion DHA and metabolites can activate BK channels and dilate coronary arteries through activating cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway.     

二十二碳六烯酸增加大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾离子流的机制

Objective To investigate the mechanism of enhanced large conductance calciumactivated potassium channel currents (BK) in coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Methods Coronary SMCs were isolated by enzyme digestion. Potassium channels in coronary SMCs were identified by applications of different potassium blockers. Effects of DHA and its metabolite 16,17-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (16,17-EDP) on BK channels in the absence and presence of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A were studied by patch clamp in whole-cell configuration. Results BK channels were widely distributed in SMCs, and BK currents in normal SMCs accounted for (64.2±2.7)%of total potassium currents(n =20). DHA could activate BK channels, and its 50% effective concentration (EC50) was (0.23±0.03)μmol/L, however, the effect of DHA on BK channels was abolished after SMCs were incubated with cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A. 16,17-EDP, a metabolite of DHA, could reproduce the effects of DHA on BK channels, and its EC50 was (19.7± 2.8) nmol/L.Conclusion DHA and metabolites can activate BK channels and dilate coronary arteries through activating cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway.     

二十二碳六烯酸增加大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙离子激活钾离子流的机制

Objective To investigate the mechanism of enhanced large conductance calciumactivated potassium channel currents (BK) in coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Methods Coronary SMCs were isolated by enzyme digestion. Potassium channels in coronary SMCs were identified by applications of different potassium blockers. Effects of DHA and its metabolite 16,17-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (16,17-EDP) on BK channels in the absence and presence of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A were studied by patch clamp in whole-cell configuration. Results BK channels were widely distributed in SMCs, and BK currents in normal SMCs accounted for (64.2±2.7)%of total potassium currents(n =20). DHA could activate BK channels, and its 50% effective concentration (EC50) was (0.23±0.03)μmol/L, however, the effect of DHA on BK channels was abolished after SMCs were incubated with cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A. 16,17-EDP, a metabolite of DHA, could reproduce the effects of DHA on BK channels, and its EC50 was (19.7± 2.8) nmol/L.Conclusion DHA and metabolites can activate BK channels and dilate coronary arteries through activating cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway.     

大电导钙激活钾通道与血管平滑肌细胞增殖的研究进展

血管平滑肌(VSM)增生对于新生血管的生长是非常必要的,但受到生长因子和其他环境信号的影响,VSM增生也会导致心血管疾病和病理状态的发生如高血压、粥样硬化病变形成、血管成型术后再狭窄以及对生长中的肿瘤供给营养丰富的血液[1].控制VSM增生的机制是非常复杂和多因素的,其中一个重要的因素就是钙激活钾通道(KCa).     

灯盏花素对鼠主动脉平滑肌钙激活钾通道的激活作用

目的:观察灯盏花素对大鼠主动脉平滑肌钙激活钾通道(KCa)的影响,揭示灯盏花素在分子水平的作用机制。方法:采用Wistar大鼠20只,应用膜片钳技术,研究灯盏花素对大鼠主动脉平滑肌KCa的作用。结果:细胞贴附式膜片上,应用浓度分别为5×10-4、10-3、1.85×10-3mol/L的灯盏花素后,大鼠的通道开放概率(Po)及通道电导明显增大:Po分别由用药前的0.012±0.047增加至0.427±0.364,0.609±0.312(P<0.05),0.839±0.192(P<0.01);通道电导分别由用药前的(124±59)pS增大至(174±83)pS,(199±41)pS(P<0.05),(269±85)pS(P<0.01)。结论:灯盏花素可激活KCa,从而起到舒张血管的作用。     

自发性高血压大鼠肾动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活钾通道的增龄变化研究

目的 探讨自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa,MaxiK)增龄的变化及其与血压水平的关系.方法 选取雄性SHR及正常大鼠9、15、21、27、33周龄各6只.测定各周龄SHR和正常大鼠腹主动脉血压;利用膜片钳全细胞模式记录肾动脉血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)钾电流、用四乙胺(TEA)阻断BKCa后的电流、膜电容(Cm),计算BKCa电流值和BKCa电流密度.统计分析BKCa电流密度和其它各参数的增龄变化,及其和血压之间的相关性.结果 不同周龄SHR腹主动脉平均动脉压(MABP)均明显升高.正常大鼠MABP始终正常;SHR和正常大鼠腹主动脉血压都有升高趋势,与同周龄正常大鼠相比,SHR腹主动脉血压升高更明显(P均＜0.001).SHR肾动脉VSMCs Cm随增龄增大,正常大鼠则无显著变化.SHR肾动脉VSMCs BKCa电流密度随增龄显著降低,电容逐渐增大,而正常大鼠随增龄的变化无统计学意义(P＞0.05).SHR肾动脉VSMCs BKCa电流密度、Cm与腹主动脉MABP高度负相关(r=-0.7962,r=-0.7361),正常大鼠肾动脉VSMCs BKCa电流密度与腹主动脉MABP低度相关(r=-0.4761).结论 SHR大鼠BKCa电流密度随增龄降低,电容随增龄增大,其过程复杂,并与血压水平有高度相关性.     

二十二碳六烯酸对大鼠心室肌细胞动作电位和钠通道的影响

目的 探讨二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对大鼠心室肌细胞动作电位（AP）及钠通道电流（INa）的影响,阐述DHA抗心律失常的机制.方法 用膜片钳技术在全细胞模式下,记录0、20、40、60、80、100和120 μmol/L的DHA对大鼠心室肌细胞AP复极25%、50%和90%时限（APD25、APD50和APD90）,对AP最大上升速率（vmax）、幅值（APA）、超射值（OS）及INa的影响.结果 （1）DHA对APD25、APD50和APD90呈浓度依赖性延长（P＜0.05,n=20）,对vmax、APA和OS的影响差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05,n=20）.（2）DHA对INa呈浓度依赖性阻滞、I-U曲线上移、稳态失活曲线左移、失活后恢复时间延长,对稳态激活曲线无影响.在指令电压-30mV,上述浓度DHA对INa阻滞分别为1.51%±1.32%、21.13%±4.62%、51.61%±5.73%、67.62%±6.52%、73.49%±7.59%和79.95%±7.62%（P＜0.05,n=20）,DHA对INa的半效作用浓度（EC50）为（47.91±1.57）μmol/L.结论 DHA对APD的延长及对钠通道的抑制作用可能是其抗心律失常机制之一.     

Whole-cell recordings of calcium and potassium currents in acutely isolated smooth muscle cells

AIM: To record calcium and potassium currents in acutely isolated smooth muscle cells of mesenteric arterial branches in rats. METHODS: Smooth muscle cells were freshly isolated by collagenase digest and mechanical trituration with polished pipettes. Patch clamp technique in whole-cell mode was employed to record calcium and potassium currents. RESULTS: The procedure dissociated smooth muscle cells without impairing the electrophysiological characteristics of the cells. The voltage-gated Ca2 and potassium currents were successfully recorded using whole-cell patch clamp configuration. CONCLUSION: The method dissociates smooth muscle cells from rat mesenteric arterial branches. Voltage-gated channel currents can be recorded in this preparation.     

雌激素对高血压人体肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活钾通道的作用研究

目的 研究雌激素（E）对非高血压（NH）及原发性高血压（EH）人体肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞（HMASMC）大电导钙激活钾通道（BKCa channels）及自发性瞬时外向电流（STOCs）的作用,探讨雌激素在NH及EH下对该通道作用的差异性.方法 急性酶分离法分离获取单个HMASMC,采用全细胞穿孔膜片钳技术记录该细胞上的BKCa和STOCs.结果 雌激素可明显激活NH组HMASMC上的BKCa和STOCs,在测试电压范围内,雌激素使膜电位从0到＋60 mV时BKCa的电流密度均显著性增加,在0和＋60 mV时其电流密度分别从（1.95±0.39）pA/pF、（15.40±4.27）pA/pF增加到（2.81±0.84）pA/pF（P＜0.05,25例）、（26.55±6.24）pA/pF（P＜0.01,25例）,其中0 mV时增加了0.44倍,＋60 mV时增加了0.72倍;电位为-20 mV时STOCs的幅度和频率分别从（7.920±2.031）pA、（3.15±0.79）Hz增加到（12.92±3.41）pA（P＜0.05,25例）、（4.41±0.96）Hz（P＜0.01,25例）,其中幅度增加了0.63倍,频率增加了0.40倍.而EH组在测试的-60到＋50 mV电压范围,雌激素没有这种显著性激活作用,在0和＋60 mV时其电流密度分别从（1.34±0.43）pA/pF、（4.91±1.40）pA/pF增加到（1.53±0.55）pA/pF（P＞0.05,14例）、（8.04±2.0）pA/pF（P＜0.05,14例）,其中0 mV时增加了0.14倍,＋60 mV时增加了0.63倍;在电位为-20 mV时STOCs的幅度和频率分别从（5.39±1.93）pA、（0.75±0.37）Hz增加到（6.70±1.06）pA（P＞0.05,14例）、（2.34±0.98）Hz（P＜0.05,14例）,其中幅度增加了0.24倍,频率增加了2.12倍.结论 雌激素对NH组HMASMC上的BKCa和STOCs有明显的激活作用,而在EH组这种激活作用显著降低,由此推测EH组HMASMC对雌激素的反应性较NH组低,这种差异性将为雌激素合理应用于临床提供有力的实验依据. 关键词：高血压;雌激素;人体肠系膜动脉;平滑肌细胞;自发性瞬时外向电流;大电导钙激活钾通道