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1.
C. Gómez Acotto A. M. Schott D. Hans H. Niepomniszcze C. A. Mautalen P. J. Meunier 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(5):455-459
The objective of our study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and
quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters in women with hyperthyroidism and controls. In this cross-sectional study, QUS parameters
and BMD values observed in untreated hyperthyroid patients were compared with data obtained from age-matched controls. Twenty-four
women with Graves' disease were studied. Eight patients were postmenopausal. All patients had evidence of thyrotoxicosis as
indicated by a raised total serum thyroxine and a suppressed serum thyroid stimulating hormone. BMD of the hip, lumbar spine
and whole body, and body composition, were measured by DXA. Ultrasound evaluation on the os calcis was performed with an Achilles
device. All measurements were performed before antithyroid therapy. The QUS parameters of BUA, SOS and Stiffness were significantly
lower in hyperthyroid patients than in controls. Similar results were observed for the BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and
total skeleton. Lean tissue and fat mass were also significantly decreased in hyperthyroid patients. In conclusion, these
findings suggest that hyperthyroidism affects cortical and trabecular bone equally, as well as bone quality. QUS measurements
may be helpful for assessing, using a simple and non-irradiating method, the bone effects of thyrotoxicosis.
Received: 9 June 1997 / Accepted: 27 October 1997 相似文献
2.
J. R. Guthrie P. R. Ebeling J. L. Hopper E. Barrett-Connor L. Dennerstein E. C. Dudley H. G. Burger J. D. Wark 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(3):282-290
Two hundred and twenty-four women (74 pre-, 90 peri-, 60 post-menopausal), aged 46–59 years, from a population-based cohort
participated in a longitudinal study of bone mineral density (BMD). BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and the time between bone scans was on average 25 (range 14–41) months. The aim of the
study was to assess changes in BMD in relation to changes in normal menopausal status. During the study period women who were
between 3 and 12 months past their last menstrual period (n= 22, late perimenopausal) at the time of the second bone scan had a mean (SE) annual change in BMD of 70.9% (0.4%) at the
lumbar spine and 70.7% (0.6%) at the femoral neck (both p50.05 compared with women who remained premenopausal). In the women who became postmenopausal (n= 42) the mean annual changes in BMD were 72.5% (0.2%) at the lumbar spine and 71.7% (0.2%) at the femoral neck (both p50.0005), and in the women who remained postmenopausal (n= 60) they were 70.7% (0.2%) per year and 70.5% (0.3%) per year respectively (both p50.05), compared with women who remained premenopausal. In the 1–3 years after the final menstrual period (FMP) there was
greater bone loss from the lumbar spine than the femoral neck (p50.05). In women who were menstruating at the time of the second bone scan and whose FMP could be dated prospectively (n= 35), higher baseline oestradiol levels were associated with less lumbar spine bone loss (p50.005). In the women who remained postmenopausal there was an association between baseline body mass index (BMI) and percentage
change per year in femoral neck BMD (p50.05), such that women with higher BMI had less bone loss. In conclusion, during the time of transition from peri- to post-menopause,
women had accelerated BMD loss at both the hip and spine.
Received: 23 June 1997 / Accepted: 5 November 1997 相似文献
3.
Bone Mineral Density in French Canadian Women 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
C. Blanchet S. Dodin M. Dumont Y. Giguère L. Turcot-Lemay J. Beauchamp D. Prud'homme 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(3):268-273
This cross-sectional study investigated bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (L2–4) and femoral neck in French
Canadian women residing in the Quebec city area. Data collection was initiated in 1988 and completed in 1994. A total of 747
French Canadian Caucasian women (16–79 years of age) with no metabolic bone disease were evaluated. BMD measurements were
obtained using dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA) or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Anthropometric measures such as
weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Medical files provided information on demographic characteristics,
hormonal profile and lifestyle habits. Results show a curvilinear trend of BMD with aging. Furthermore, the peak BMD at the
lumbar spine (L2–4) was reached at 29 years followed by a stable phase until 35 years, after which BMD started to decrease.
The pattern of bone evolution at the femoral neck was different, peak BMD being achieved earlier, at 21 years, while after
age 26 years a significant decrease was already observed. Women older than 60 years showed the lowest BMD. Regression analysis
showed that age, weight and height are determinants of BMD at the lumbar spine and explained 33.9% of inter-individual variation.
At the femoral neck, 29.1% of variation was explained by age and height only. In conclusion, our data suggest that French
Canadian women have a different pattern of bone loss at the femoral neck compared with the lumbar spine, according to their
mean BMD values.
Received: 21 July 1997 / Accepted: 15 October 1997 相似文献
4.
N. Yoshimura T. Hashimoto S. Morioka K. Sakata T. Kasamatsu C. Cooper 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(6):604-610
The objective of this study was to assess the rate of bone loss and characterize its determinants, among the inhabitants
of Taiji, a rural Japanese community. A cohort of 2261 inhabitants aged 40–79 years was established using resident registration
in 1992. Fifty men and 50 women in each of four age strata between 40 and 79 years were randomly selected and completed a
self-administered risk factor questionnaire. Baseline bone density of lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured by dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry in 1993. BMD was measured again on the same participants in 1996. The rates of change of lumbar spine
BMD in men in their 40s, 50s, 60s and 70s were 0.20%, 0.34%, 0.43% and 0.28% respectively. Rates in women were –0.35%, –1.02%,
–0.10% and –0.20% respectively. At the femoral neck, rates of change in BMD among men in their 40s, 50s, 60s and 70s were
0.09%, –0.07%, 0.34% and 0.31% respectively. Femoral neck rates of change among women were –0.55%, 0.02%, 0.49% and –0.25%
respectively. The rate of change of lumbar spine BMD was –0.24% in premenopausal women with regular periods, –1.99% in premenopausal
women with irregular periods and –0.33% in postmenopausal women. Anthropometric measurements at baseline were also related
significantly to change in bone density. Baseline weight and height were statistically significant predictors of bone loss
rate.These data provide estimates of the rate of bone loss among Japanese men and women aged 40– 79 years. They suggest that
body build and menstrual function in women are important determinants of bone loss.
Received: 20 November 1997 / Revised: 1 April 1998 相似文献
5.
C. Cooper J. A. Stakkestad S. Radowicki P. Hardy C. Pilate M. P. Dain P. D. Delmas 《Osteoporosis international》1999,9(4):358-366
A total of 277 early postmenopausal women were enrolled in this placebo-controlled 2-year study to examine the efficacy of
a matrix transdermal 17β-estradiol system, at three different dosages (25, 50 and 75 mg/day) combined with sequential oral
dydrogesterone 20 mg/day, in preventing bone loss. At 2 years, the difference from placebo in percentage change from baseline
of L1–4 lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) (assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) was 4.7%± 0.7% with estradiol
25 mg/day, 7.3%± 0.7% with estradiol 50 mg/day and 8.7%± 0.7% with estradiol 75 mg/day (all values mean ± SEM). There were
also significant increases in femoral neck, trochanter and total hip BMD with all doses of estradiol compared with placebo.
Additionally, most patients had a significant gain (increase greater than 2.08%) in lumbar spine bone mass compared with placebo.
Patients who received estradiol also experienced clinically significant and dose-related decreases in total serum osteocalcin,
serum bone alkaline phosphatase and urinary C-telopeptide, with all three markers of bone turnover returning to premenopausal
levels. Estradiol was well tolerated during the 2-year treatment period. Transdermal estradiol is effective and well tolerated
at dosages between 25–75 mg/day in the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women; 25 mg/day offers an effective option
for those women who cannot tolerate higher doses.
Received: 30 June 1998 / Accepted: 22 September 1998 相似文献
6.
How Hip and Whole-Body Bone Mineral Density Predict Hip Fracture in Elderly Women: The EPIDOS Prospective Study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. M. Schott C. Cormier D. Hans F. Favier E. Hausherr P. Dargent-Molina P. D. Delmas C. Ribot J. L. Sebert G. Breart P. J. Meunier 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(3):247-254
We conducted a population-based cohort study in 7598 white healthy women, aged 75 years and over, recruited from the voting
lists. We measured at baseline bone mineral density (BMD g/cm2) of the proximal femur (neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle) and the whole body, as well as fat and lean body mass, by dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). One hundred and fifty-four women underwent a hip fracture during an average 2 years follow-up.
Each standard deviation decrease in BMD increased the risk of hip fracture adjusted for age, weight and centre by 1.9 (95%
CL 1.5, 2.3) for the femoral neck, 2.6 times (2.0, 3.3) for the trochanter, 1.8 times (1.4, 2.2) for Ward's triangle, 1.6
times (1.2, 2.0) for the whole body, and 1.3 times (1.0, 1.5) for the fat mass. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curves were not significantly different between trochanter and femoral neck BMD, whereas ROC curves of femoral neck
and trochanter BMD were significantly better than those for Ward's triangle and whole-body BMD.
emsp;Women who sustained an intertrochanteric fracture were older (84 ± 4.5 years) than women who had a cervical fracture
(81 ± 4.5 years) and trochanter BMD seemed to be a stronger predictor of intertrochanteric ([RR = 4.5 (3.1, 6.5)] than cervical
fractures ([RR = 1.8 (1.5, 2.3]).
emsp;In very elderly women aged 80 years and more, hip BMD was still a significant predictor of hip fracture but the relative
risk was significantly lower than in women younger than 80 years.
emsp;In the 48% of women who had a femoral neck BMD T-score less than –2.5, the relative risk of hip fracture was increased by 3, and the unadjusted incidence of hip fracture
was 16.4 per 1000 woman-years compared with 1.1 in the population with a femoral neck BMD T-score 5–1.
Received: 19 May 1997 / Accepted: 16 October 1997 相似文献
7.
Relative contribution of lean and fat mass component to bone mineral density in males 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Douchi T Kuwahata R Matsuo T Uto H Oki T Nagata Y 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》2003,21(1):17-21
We investigated the relative contribution of lean body mass (LBM) and body fat mass to bone mineral density (BMD) in 93 healthy
Japanese male volunteers (mean age, 33.1 ± 6.9 years; range, 18–54 years). Age, height (Ht), weight (Wt), and body mass index
(BMI, Wt/Ht2) were recorded. Body fat mass, percentage of body fat, body fat mass/Ht2, LBM, LBM/Wt, LBM/Ht2, and lumbar spine (L2–L4) and total body BMD (TBBMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. On the Pearson correlation
test, LBM was positively correlated with L2–L4 BMD. LBM, LBM/Wt, and LBM/Ht2 were positively correlated with TBBMD. However, body fat mass and body fat mass/Ht2 were not correlated with lumbar spine and total body BMD. On the partial correlation test, LBM was still correlated with
lumbar spine (r = 0.307, P < 0.05) and total body BMD (r = 0.545, P < 0.0001), irrespective of age and height, whereas body fat mass was not correlated with BMD of these sites (r = −0.069 and −0.169, respectively). We concluded that, in males, LBM is one of the significant determinants of BMD whereas
body fat mass is a negligible BMD determinant.
Received: February 15, 2002 / Accepted: July 5, 2002
Offprint requests to: T. Douchi 相似文献
8.
N. Yoshimura T. Hashimoto K. Sakata S. Morioka T. Kasamatsu C. Cooper 《Calcified tissue international》1999,65(3):198-202
The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether biochemical markers of bone turnover predict bone loss. The survey was
carried out in Taiji, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. From a list of inhabitants aged 40–79 years, 400 participants (50 men and
50 women in each of four age groups) were selected randomly. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, and blood and urine
samples of all participants were examined to obtain values for eight biochemical markers: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone
Gla protein (BGP), type I procollagen (carboxyterminal peptide of type I procollagen; PICP), cross-linked carboxyterminal
telopeptide region of type I collagen (ICTP), and urinary excretion of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), pyridinoline (Pyr), and
deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr). Each marker was evaluated as a predictor of the rate of bone change in lumbar spine and femoral
neck BMD over a 3-year period. The value of Pyr was significantly related to the change of lumbar spine BMD in men (P= 0.009), and that of BGP was found to be significant in women (P= 0.045). By contrast, none of the bone markers significantly correlated with bone loss at the femoral neck. The coefficient
of determination at the lumbar spine was 5% and 7% at the femoral neck only. We conclude that biochemical markers of bone
turnover cannot predict bone loss rates in middle-aged or elderly Japanese men and women over a 3-year period with sufficient
accuracy for use in clinical decision making.
Received: 26 January 1998 / Accepted: 9 July 1998 相似文献
9.
J. Fiter J. M. Nolla C. Gómez-Vaquero D. Martínez-Aguilá J. Valverde D. Roig-Escofet 《Osteoporosis international》2001,12(7):565-569
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether computed digital absorptiometry (CDA) of the hand might be a useful screening
technique for identifying patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and to compare the results of CDA with those of dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. We studied 230 postmenopausal women (mean age 58.4 ± 7.9
years). For CDA, bone mineral density (BMD) was measured with an AccuDEXA Schick densitometer in the third middle phalanx
of the nondominant hand. For DXA, BMD of the lumbar spine and upper femur was assessed using a DXA Hologic QDR-1000 densitometer.
We did a comparative analysis (ANOVA) and linear correlation tests. Sensitivity and specificity of CDA and receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curves for the diagnosis of osteoporosis were calculated. The mean BMD with CDA was 0.445 ± 0.084 (T-score: −1.27 ± 1.29). The mean BMD (g/cm2) with DXA at the lumbar spine was 0.877 ± 0.166 (T-score: −1.52 ± 1.59) and 0.708 ± 0.127 at the femoral neck (T-score: −1.12 ± 1.25). BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck correlated positively with CDA of the hand (r= 0.66 and r= 0.65 respectively, p<0.001). When using as cut-off a T-score of −2.5, according to WHO criteria, 76 women (33%) had osteoporosis of the lumbar spine and/or femoral neck with DXA
and 42 (18%) with CDA (p<0.001). The kappa score for osteoporosis was 0.33 for CDA versus spinal DXA and 0.35 for CDA versus femoral DXA. With the
cut-off level used, sensitivity and specificity of CDA in detecting osteoporosis at the lumbar spine were 0.39 and 0.90, respectively;
sensitivity and specificity of CDA in identifying osteoporosis at the femoral neck were 0.58 and 0.87, respectively. The positive
predictive value of CDA for osteoporosis was 69% and the negative predictive value was 75%. The area under the ROC curve for
osteoporosis was 0.822 ± 0.028. We conclude that: (a) CDA assessment has a moderate correlation with BMD measured by DXA at
the lumbar spine and femoral neck; (b) CDA has a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of osteoporosis compared with spinal and
femoral DXA; and (c) predictive values for osteoporosis at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck are acceptable.
Received: September 2000 / Accepted: January 2001 相似文献
10.
E. Jódar M. Begoña López L. García D. Rigopoulou G. Martínez F. Hawkins 《Osteoporosis international》1998,8(4):311-316
The effects of suppressive doses of levothyroxine (LT4) on bone mass are controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the effects on axial and appendicular bone mineral density (BMD)
and bone metabolism of long-term LT4 suppressive therapy in women by means of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, and also to assess the potential influence
of menopausal status and LT4 dose. Seventy-six women (aged 47 + 13 years, 37 pre- and 39 postmenopausal) on suppressive therapy (67 + 34 months duration,
mean LT4 dose 168 + 41 mg/day) from our Thyroid Cancer Unit without previous hyperthyroidism or concomitant hypoparathyroidism were
studied. Serum TSH, T3 free T4, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, BGP, iPTH and urinary calcium (uCA) were measured. BMD was measured by dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle, ultradistal and distal third radius and expressed
as a Z-score. In a subset of 27 women aged 46 + 15 years (14 pre- and 13 postmenopausal) a second densitometry scan was performed
27 + 5 months later. Patients on suppressive therapy showed a small reduction in BMD at the distal third radius (Z-score: 70.77 + 0.98; 95% confidence interval: 71.11, 70.44) without differences between pre- and postmenopausal women. Significant
relations with the regimen of suppressive therapy and bone turnover markers were detected except at the lumbar spine. In the
longitudinal study a significant although mild reduction in femoral neck BMD was found that correlated with prior T3 and iPTH. In conclusion, our data show a small detrimental effect of cautious LT4 suppressive therapy on bone mass assessed by DXA; it remains to be established whether this increases the prevalence of fractures.
Received: 30 June 1997 / Accepted: 7 November 1997 相似文献
11.
《Journal of clinical densitometry》2014,17(1):143-149
The objective of this study was to assess the relative association between body weight, body mass index (BMI), lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM), and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of Jordanian postmenopausal women and investigate if this possible association changes with age. A total of 3256 patients had dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan in the period from January 2009 till January 2012 at the Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department of Jordan University Hospital. Only 584 women met the selection criteria. Age has been recorded, and patients were divided into subgroups according to age. Body weight and height were measured, and BMI was calculated. Body composition (LM, FM, percentage of android fat, and percentage of gynoid fat) was assessed by DXA. BMD of the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and femoral neck was measured by DXA. Weight, BMI, FM, LM, percentage of android fat, and percentage of gynoid fat were positively correlated to BMD at both lumbar spine and femoral neck. However, this correlation disappeared at the age of 70 yr at lumbar spine and 75 yr at femoral neck. This study suggests that both FM and LM are important determinants of BMD in Jordanian postmenopausal women, and this correlation disappears after the age of 70 yr at lumbar spine and 75 yr at femoral neck. 相似文献
12.
M. Blum S. S. Harris A. Must S. M. Phillips W. M. Rand B. Dawson-Hughes 《Osteoporosis international》2002,13(8):663-668
Subjects exposed to environmental tobacco smoke have been found to be at increased risk for several health problems. Whether
exposure to passive tobacco smoke is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is unknown. In order to examine this,
we measured BMD in 154 healthy premenopausal women (age range 40–45 years). BMD of the total hip, femoral neck, lumbar spine
and total body was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Data were collected on exposure to household tobacco
smoke from age 10 years to the present as well as on other lifestyle factors related to bone mass. We found that 67.5% of
the subjects had a history of household tobacco smoke exposure. Subjects exposed to household tobacco smoke had a mean adjusted
BMD that was significantly lower at the total hip (p= 0.021) and femoral neck (p= 0.018) compared with subjects who were not exposed. In addition, duration of household tobacco smoke exposure was negatively
associated with BMD at the total hip (p = 0.010), femoral neck (p= 0.004), lumbar spine (p = 0.037) and total body (p = 0.031). Subjects exposed to household tobacco smoke for 15 years or more had mean adjusted BMD that was 4% lower at the
total body, and more than 8% lower at the total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine, compared with subjects who were not exposed.
In conclusion, household tobacco smoke exposure during adolescence and young adulthood was found to be negatively associated
with BMD at the total hip and femoral neck, and duration of exposure was negatively associated with BMD at the total hip,
femoral neck, lumbar spine and total body in premenopausal women.
Received: 17 December 2001 / Accepted: 16 February 2002 相似文献
13.
Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis or Low Bone Density with Raloxifene 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
P. J. Meunier E. Vignot P. Garnero E. Confavreux E. Paris S. Liu-Leage S. Sarkar T. Liu M. Wong M. W. Draper 《Osteoporosis international》1999,10(4):330-336
Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), has been shown to improved bone mineral density (BMD) and serum
lipid profiles in healthy postmenopausal women. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of raloxifene on BMD,
biochemical markers of bone metabolism and serum lipids in postmenopausal women with low bone density or osteoporosis. This
Phase II, multicenter, 24-month, double-masked study assessed the efficacy and safety of raloxifene in 129 postmenopausal
women (mean age ± SD: 60.2 ± 6.7 years) with osteoporosis or low bone density (baseline mean lumbar spine BMD T-score: −2.8). Women were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: placebo, 60 mg/day raloxifene-HCl (RLX 60) or
150 mg/day raloxifene-HCl (RLX 150) and concomitantly received 1000 mg/day calcium and 300 U/day vitamin D3. At 24 months, BMD was significantly increased in the lumbar spine (+3.2%), femoral neck (+2.1%), trochanter (+2.7%) and
total hip (+1.6%) in the RLX 60 group compared with the placebo group (p<0.05). The RLX 150 group had increases in BMD similar to those observed with RLX 60. A greater percentage of raloxifene-treated
patients, compared with those receiving placebo, had increased BMD (p<0.05). Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity, serum osteocalcin, and urinary type I collagen:creatinine ratio
were significantly decreased in the RLX-treated groups, compared with the placebo group (p<0.01). RLX 60 treatment significantly decreased serum levels of triglycerides, and total- and LDL-cholesterol levels (p<0.01). The rates of patient discontinuation and adverse events were not significantly different among groups. In this study,
raloxifene increased bone density, decreased bone turnover, and improved the serum lipid profile with minimal adverse events,
and may be a safe and effective treatment for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low bone density.
Received: 26 December 1998 / Accepted: 31 March 1999 相似文献
14.
Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms, Bone Mass, Bone Loss and Prevalence of Vertebral Fracture: Differences in Postmenopausal Women and Men 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
C. Gómez M. L. Naves Y. Barrios J. B. Díaz J. L. Fernández E. Salido A. Torres J. B. Cannata 《Osteoporosis international》1999,10(3):175-182
Bone mineral density (BMD), the major determinant of fracture risk, is under strong genetic control. Although polymorphisms
of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been suggested to account for some of the genetic variation in bone mass, the influence
of VDR genotypes on osteoporosis remains controversial. Previous published studies have focused mainly on women, but the pattern
of response in men has not been determined. Using the BsmI restriction enzyme, we studied the influence of the different VDR genotypes on bone mass, bone loss and the prevalence of
vertebral fractures in a population-based sample of both sexes (n = 326). BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, with a 4-year interval, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Vertebral fractures were assessed by two lateral radiographs at the beginning and end of the study. The prevalence of the
three possible VDR genotypes was similar to those in other Caucasian populations and no differences were found between men
and women. Women with the favorable bb genotype showed significantly higher BMD values at the lumbar spine and femoral neck,
and a positive rate of BMD change at the femoral neck compared with women with the BB and Bb genotypes. Moreover, women with
the bb genotype showed a trend toward a lower prevalence and incidence of vertebral fractures (p= 0.07). We have not found any differences between VDR genotypes in men. In conclusion, VDR gene polymorphisms are related
to bone mass and bone loss in women; also a trend in the prevalence of vertebral fractures was observed in postmenopausal
women but not in men.
Received: 8 June 1998 / Accepted: 7 December 1998 相似文献
15.
A. Tenenhouse L. Joseph N. Kreiger S. Poliquin T. M. Murray L. Blondeau C. Berger D. A. Hanley J. C. Prior 《Osteoporosis international》2000,11(10):897-904
The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a prospective cohort study which will measure the incidence and prevalence
of osteoporosis and fractures, and the effect of putative risk factors, in a random sample of 10 061 women and men aged ≥25
years recruited in approximately equal numbers in nine centers across Canada. In this paper we report the results of studies
to establish peak bone mass (PBM) which would be appropriate reference data for use in Canada. These reference data are used
to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Canadian women and men aged ≥50 years. Participants were recruited
via randomly selected household telephone listings. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured
by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using Hologic QDR 1000 or 2000 or Lunar DPX densitometers. BMD results for lumbar spine
and femoral neck were converted to a Hologic base. BMD of the lumbar spine in 578 women and 467 men was constant to age 39
years giving a PBM of 1.042 ± 0.121 g/cm2 for women and 1.058 ± 0.127 g/cm2 for men. BMD at the femoral neck declined from age 29 years. The mean femoral neck BMD between 25 and 29 years was taken
as PBM and was found to be 0.857 ± 0.125 g/cm2 for women and 0.910 ± 0.125 g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis, as defined by WHO criteria, in Canadian women aged ≥50 years was 12.1% at the lumbar
spine and 7.9% at the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 15.8%. In men it was 2.9% at the lumbar spine and 4.8% at
the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 6.6%.
Received: 23 April 1999 / Accepted: 14 April 2000 相似文献
16.
S. A. Beardsworth C. E. Kearney S. A. Steel J. Newman D. W. Purdie 《Osteoporosis international》1999,10(4):290-294
In two recent case–control studies premature greying of the hair was associated with a lowering of bone mineral density (BMD)
and osteopenia, suggesting that this might be a clinically useful risk marker for osteoporosis. We report a further re-examination
of this proposal in 52 prematurely grey-haired women from East Yorkshire who responded to an advertisement inviting them for
bone densitometry. Thirty-five had no clinical or drug history that could influence bone density. All were Caucasian with
a mean age of 52.8 years. In the group as a whole the mean BMD values at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were no different
from those of a young adult, but there was a trend toward a greater than average BMD than that of the local age-matched population
(p= 0.097 and 0.218, respectively). Twenty women were premenopausal, with an average age of 45.3 years. Mean BMD values at the
lumbar spine and femoral neck in this group were no different from those of young adults. There was, however, a trend toward
a BMD greater than that of the local age-matched population at the femoral neck (p= 0.117). Fifteen women were postmenopausal with an average age of 62.9 years and an average age at menopause of 51.1 years.
Mean BMD values at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck in this group were lower than those of young adults, but no different
from those of the local age-matched population. In conclusion, our group of prematurely grey-haired women had average BMD
for their age, and we are therefore unable to support the proposed clinical usefulness of premature greying as a risk marker
for osteoporosis.
Received: 1 December 1998 / Accepted: 11 March 1999 相似文献
17.
Bone Density in an Immigrant Population from Southeast Asia 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
M. A. Marquez L. J. Melton III J. M. Muhs C. S. Crowson A. Tosomeen M. K. O’Connor W. M. O’Fallon B. L. Riggs 《Osteoporosis international》2001,12(7):595-604
The epidemiology of bone loss in populations of Asian heritage is still poorly known. This study compared the skeletal status
of a convenience sample of 396 Southeast Asian immigrants (172 Vietnamese, 171 Cambodians and 53 Laotians) residing in Rochester,
Minnesota in 1997 with 684 white subjects previously recruited from an age-stratified random sample of community residents.
Areal bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) and volumetric bone mineral apparent density (BMAD, g/cm3) were determined for lumbar spine and proximal femur using the Hologic QDR 2000 instrument for the white population and the
QDR 4500 for Southeast Asian subjects; the machines were cross-calibrated from data on 20 volunteers. Lumbar spine BMD was
7% higher in white than Southeast Asian women ( p < 0.001), and similar results were observed for the femoral neck; lumbar spine BMD was 12% higher in white than nonwhite
men ( p < 0.001). Race-specific discrepancies were reduced by calculating BMAD: for premenopausal women, lumbar spine and femoral
neck differences between whites and Southeast Asians were eliminated; for postmenopausal women the lumbar spine differences
persisted ( p < 0.0001), while femoral neck BMAD was actually higher for Southeast Asians. There were no race-specific differences in femoral
neck BMAD among men of any age ( p= 0.312), but lumbar spine BMAD was less for younger ( p= 0.042) but not older ( p= 0.693) Southeast Asian men. There were differences among the Southeast Asian subgroups, but no clear pattern emerged. Predictors
of lumbar spine BMAD in Southeast Asian women were age ( p < 0.001), weight ( p= 0.015) and gravidity ( p= 0.037). Even after adjusting for bone size using BMAD, 32% and 9% of Southeast Asian women and men, respectively, would
be considered to have osteoporosis at the femoral neck and 25% and 4%, respectively, at the lumbar spine. These findings indicate
a need for culturally sensitive educational interventions for Southeast Asians and for physicians to pursue diagnosis and
treatment to prevent osteoporosis-related disabilities in this population.
Received: 12 October 2000 / Accepted: 15 February 2001 相似文献
18.
J. M. Thompson G. W. Modin C. D. Arnaud N. E. Lane 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(5):377-381
Chronic steroid use results in osteoporosis, and postmenopausal women are believed to be at a high risk for steroid-induced
bone loss. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women on
both chronic steroid and hormone replacement therapy. Seventy-six postmenopausal women (≥3 years postmenopausal, ≥2 years
of steroid treatment of ≥5 mg/day of prednisone, and ≥1 year of hormone replacement therapy) were recruited into this study.
Measurements of BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were obtained in all subjects. Risk factors for osteoporosis were
obtained by questionnaire. Discriminant analysis was performed to determine predictors of BMD. Osteoporosis, defined by a
T score of <−2.5, was present in the lumbar spine or femoral neck in 34 of the 76 subjects. Based on these criteria, women
with osteoporosis were significantly older, were more years postmenopausal, and had a lower body mass index (BMI) than women
who did not have osteoporosis. Predictors of osteoporosis for both the femoral neck and spine included a low BMI (P < 0.05),
more years postmenopausal (P < 0.01), and more years on steroids (P < 0.01). Low BMI was the only significant predictor of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine (P < 0.05), whereas for the femoral neck both years on steroids (P < 0.05) and BMI (P < 0.05) were significant predictors of low BMD. In summary, not all postmenopausal women on chronic steroid and hormone replacement
therapy are osteoporotic but a low BMI, more years on steroids, and more years postmenopausal were significant predictors
of osteoporosis in these subjects.
Received: 8 November 1997 / Accepted: 21 May 1997 相似文献
19.
J.-F. Chiu S.-J. Lan C.-Y. Yang P.-W. Wang W.-J. Yao I.-H. Su C.-C. Hsieh 《Calcified tissue international》1997,60(3):245-249
This study examined bone density among postmenopausal Buddhist nuns and female religious followers of Buddhism in southern
Taiwan and related the measurements to subject characteristics including age, body mass, physical activity, nutrient intake,
and vegetarian practice. A total of 258 postmenopausal Taiwanese vegetarian women participated in the study. Lumbar spine
and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual-photon absorptimetry. BMD measurements were analyzed
first as quantitative outcomes in multiple regression analyses and next as indicators of osteopenia status in logistic regression
analyses. Among the independent variables examined, age inversely and body mass index positively correlated with both the
spine and femoral neck BMD measurements. They were also significant predictors of the osteopenia status. Energy intake from
protein was a significant correlate of lumbar spine BMD only. Other nutrients, including calcium and energy intake from nonprotein
sources, did not correlate significantly with the two bone density parameters. Long-term practitioners of vegan vegetarian
were found to be at a higher risk of exceeding lumbar spine fracture threshold (adjusted odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence
interval = 1.03–5.96) and of being classified as having osteopenia of the femoral neck (3.94, 1.21–12.82). Identification
of effective nutrition supplements may be necessary to improve BMD levels and to reduce the risk of osteoporosis among long-term
female vegetarians.
Received: 10 May 1996 / Accepted: 9 August 1996 相似文献
20.
Variations in Bone Density among Persons of African Heritage 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
L. J. Melton III M. A. Marquez S. J. Achenbach A. Tefferi M. K. O’Connor W. M. O’Fallon B. L. Riggs 《Osteoporosis international》2002,13(7):551-559
The epidemiology of bone loss in populations of African heritage is still poorly known. We compared a convenience sample
of 47 African-American (AA) residents of Rochester, Minnesota (32 women, 15 men) and 66 recent immigrants from Somalia (all
women) with 684 white subjects (349 women, 335 men) previously recruited from an age-stratified random sample of community
residents. Areal bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) and volumetric bone mineral apparent density (BMAD, g/cm3) were determined for lumbar spine and proximal femur using the Hologic QDR 2000 for white subjects and the QDR 4500 for the
others; the instruments were cross-calibrated from data on 20 volunteers. Lumbar spine BMD was 18% higher in AA (p<0.001) and 4% lower in Somali (p= 0.147) than white women. Femoral neck BMD was 27% higher in AA women but also 11% greater in Somali women (both p<0.001) compared with whites. Lumbar spine BMD was 6% higher (p= 0.132) and femoral neck BMD 21% higher (p<0.001) in AA than white men. No Somali men were studied. After correcting for bone size differences, both lumbar spine (p<0.01) and femoral neck BMAD (p<0.001) were greater for Somali than white women, but the difference between Somali and AA women persisted. Lumbar spine and
femoral neck BMAD values also remained significantly greater for AA women (both p<0.001) and men (p<0.05; p<0.001) compared with whites. Weight was associated with BMAD at both skeletal sites in all groups, but adjustment for differences
in weight did not reduce the discrepancy in BMAD values between Somali and AA women or between the latter group and whites.
This heterogeneity among different ethnic groups of African heritage may provide an opportunity for research to better explain
race-specific differences in bone metabolism.
Received: 4 September 2001 / Accepted: 11 January 2002 相似文献