联合检测血清HER2和VEGF在乳腺癌早期诊断中的意义

目的:探讨联合血清HER2和VEGF水平在乳腺癌早期诊断的临床意义。方法:本研究共收集101例血清,其中乳腺癌患者36例,乳腺良性疾病患者35例,健康女性30例。应用ELISA定量检测血清HER2和VEGF水平。结果:乳腺癌患者血清HER2和VEGF水平均高于健康女性及乳腺良性肿瘤患者(P0.05);乳腺良性疾病组与正常对照组结果比较差别无统计学意义(P0.05);乳腺癌淋巴结转移组血清HER2和VEGF水平显著高于乳腺癌无淋巴结转移组(P0.05);HER2与VEGF在乳腺癌血清中的表达呈显著正相关。结论:检测血清HER2和VEGF水平的变化对乳腺癌的早期诊断、良恶性肿瘤鉴别、有无淋巴结转移及预后评估均有重要的临床价值。     

胃腺癌组织中IGF-1R和VEGF的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨胃腺癌组织中胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-1R)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达及其临床意义,分析二者的相关性。方法应用免疫组化SP技术,对56例胃腺癌组织、40例癌旁不典型增生组织和56例正常胃组织中IGF-1R和VEGF的表达情况进行检测分析。结果胃腺癌组织、癌旁不典型增生组织中IGF-1R和VEGF的阳性表达率显著高于正常胃组织(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中IGF-1R和VEGF的阳性表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.05);IGF-1R和VEGF的阳性表达率随胃癌浸润深度的增加而增高(P<0.05);IGF-1R与VEGF的表达呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论IGF-1R和VEGF在胃腺癌组织中的高表达与胃腺癌的发生、发展、浸润及转移有关;二者可能在胃腺癌的发生发展中起了协同作用。     

乳腺癌患者血清中血管内皮细胞生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的表达情况

目的对乳腺癌患者血清中血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(fibroblast growth factor,FGF)进行检测,探讨血清中VEGF和FGF在乳腺癌中的意义。方法选择2004年6月-2014年5月台州市立医院肿瘤外科收治的85例乳腺癌患者为观察组,健康女性85例为对照组,比较两组血清中VEGF和FGF的表达情况以及乳腺癌类型、分期、大小和淋巴结转移和血清中VEGF和FGF表达的关系。结果观察组患者的血清中VEGF和FGF水平均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。浸润性导管癌、导管内癌和浸润性小叶癌之间血清中VEGF和FGF表达比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。乳腺癌Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期之间血清中VEGF和FGF表达比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),乳腺癌直径≥2cm患者血清中VEGF和FGF水平均高于直径2cm患者(P0.05),有淋巴结转移患者VEGF和FGF水平均高于无转移患者(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者血清中VEGF和FGF水平增加,血清中VEGF和FGF水平和乳腺癌的临床分期、肿瘤大小及有无淋巴结转移有关。     

乳腺癌手术前后EGFR和VEGF表达及意义

目的分析血清表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在乳腺癌手术前后的表达水平变化及临床意义。方法选择新昌县人民医院病理诊断为乳腺癌患者42例和正常女性30人作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定手术前1周,术后1周、1个月及6个月乳腺癌患者与同期正常女性血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平,分析其与患者临床病理参数及生存时间的关系。结果乳腺癌患者血清EGFR表达水平和VEGF表达水平呈正相关(r=0.728,P0.01)。乳腺癌患者术前血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平高于正常者(P0.05);患者血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、病理类型和淋巴结转移等因素有关(P0.05),而与年龄无关(P0.05);与术前相比,术后1周、1个月和6个月血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平均明显降低(P0.05)。术前VEGF高表达组3年生存率为37.5%,低于低表达组的71.4%(P0.05);EGFR高表达组3年生存率为23.1%,低于低表达组的75.0%(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平在乳腺癌手术后明显下降,可作为判断手术治疗效果的重要指标。     

VEGF在乳腺癌组织与血清中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与乳腺癌发生、发展及淋巴结转移的关系。方法免疫组化方法测定不同组织学类型乳腺癌组织中VEGF水平;用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELIsA）测定血清中VEGF水平。结果1）VEGF表达阳性率随着乳腺癌组织学分级增高而逐渐增高,淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组VEGF阳性表达率为92．86％（26／28）,无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组VEGF阳性表达率为81．82％（18／22）;2）正常对照组和良性乳腺癌组血清VEGF水平比较,两组问差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;正常对照组与恶性乳腺癌组进行比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;良性乳腺癌组与恶性乳腺癌组比较,其VEGF的浓度较恶性乳腺癌患者低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论VEGF在乳腺癌中高表达,提示其可能与乳腺癌的恶性进展有关;VEGF与乳腺癌淋巴结转移有关,检测VEGF含量对预测乳腺癌淋巴结转移具有重要意义。     

C-erbB-2和VEGF在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:检测C-erbB-2和VEGF在乳腺癌中的表达并探讨其临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测127例乳腺癌组织及40例良性乳腺疾病组织中C-erbB-2和VEGF的表达情况。结果:C-erbB-2和VEGF在乳腺癌组织中阳性表达率分别为47.2%和37.6%,与良性乳腺腺病组织比较,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在127例乳腺癌患者中,随乳腺癌组织学分级的增高,C-erbB-2、VEGF阳性率表达也增高;有淋巴结转移及复发的患者其乳腺癌组织C-erbB-2和VEGF阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移及复发的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);另外,有淋巴结转移及复发的患者,其乳腺癌组织C-erbB-2和VEGF的共同表达的阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移及复发的患者(P<0.01)。结论:检测C-erbB-2、VEGF的表达对乳腺癌临床分级及预后的判断有一定意义。     

乳腺癌与乳腺癌复发患者VEGF及Nm23的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者和复发患者血管内皮生长因子VEGF、转移抑制基因nm23的表达及其与乳腺癌发生和复发的关系。方法:选择河北省人民医院2001年1月~2012年12月行手术治疗的乳腺癌患者和复发患者,其中乳腺癌患者38例,乳腺癌胸壁复发患者22例,用免疫组化S-P法检测正常乳腺组织、原发灶和复发灶VEGF、nm23的表达。结果:1乳腺癌复发患者癌灶VEGF的表达与乳腺癌患者无统计学差异(P>0.05),但明显高于正常乳腺组织(P=0.000)。乳腺癌复发患者癌灶nm23的表达明显低于正常乳腺组织(P=0.000)。2淋巴结转移组VEGF明显高于无淋巴结转移组(χ2=8.866,P=0.003);淋巴结转移组nm23明显低于无淋巴结转移组(χ2=6.127,P=0.012)。3VEGF、nm23的表达呈负相关(r=-0.536,P=0.000)。结论:1VEGF、nm23与乳腺癌发生、复发、淋巴结转移密切相关;2nm23可能抑制VEGF的表达,两者在乳腺癌发生、复发、淋巴结转移中起拮抗作用。     

血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT及Hcy联合检测对乳腺癌的临床诊断价值

目的探讨血清糖类抗原153(CA153)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、铁蛋白(SF)、降钙素(CT)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)联合检测对乳腺癌的临床诊断价值。方法选取2018年1月-2018年12月本院收治的150例乳腺癌患者(乳腺癌组),83例乳腺良性病变患者(乳腺良性病变组)为研究对象,同时选取同期60例健康体检女性为对照组,检测3组研究对象血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT、Hcy水平,比较3组间差异及乳腺癌不同病理参数患者的各指标水平。通过Logistic回归分析及ROC曲线分析各指标单独检测及联合检测对乳腺癌的诊断效能。结果乳腺癌组血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT及Hcy水平均明显高于乳腺良性病变组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而乳腺良性病变组与对照组各指标(除SF外)差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。乳腺癌患者血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT水平均随着乳腺癌临床分期的升高而逐渐升高,且有淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而血清Hcy水平与乳腺癌分期及淋巴结转移情况无显著相关性(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT及Hcy水平均与乳腺癌密切相关(P<0.05)。SF、CT单独检测诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度较高(>0.7),CA153、SF单独检测诊断乳腺癌的特异度较高(>0.7),而5个指标联合检测诊断乳腺癌效果更佳,其AUC、约登指数、灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为0.885、0.729、0.813、0.916、0.863。结论血清CA153、CEA、SF、CT及Hcy水平均可作为乳腺癌诊断的有效依据,而5项联合检测具有更高的诊断效能,诊断准确率高,更利于临床诊断。     

血清胸苷激酶1、糖类抗原153水平与乳腺癌患者病理分期及淋巴结转移的关联性

目的探讨血清胸苷激酶1(TK1)、糖类抗原153(CA153)水平变化与乳腺癌患者病理分期及淋巴结转移的关联性及临床意义。方法选取2015年5月至2017年3月该院收治的37例乳腺癌患者为乳腺癌组,选取同期37例乳腺良性疾病患者为乳腺良性疾病组,另选取50例健康体检者设为对照组。对比3组血清TK1、CA153水平,分析其与乳腺癌患者病理分期及淋巴结转移的关联性。结果乳腺癌组血清CA153、TK1水平[(53.57±25.73)U/ml、(5.76±2.44)pmol/ml]均高于乳腺良性疾病组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);乳腺癌患者血清CA153、TK1水平随乳腺癌分期的上升和淋巴结转移而升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);血清CA153、TK1联合检测乳腺癌的阳性检出率为91.89%(34/37),高于TK1、CA153单项检测,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者血清CA153、TK1水平均呈高表达,其表达水平与淋巴结转移、病理分期有关并随病情严重程度逐渐升高,联合检测可提高乳腺癌检出率,为临床制定治疗方案提供参考。     

miR-155和人表皮生长因子受体-2蛋白表达与乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移的相关性

目的观察乳腺癌组织中微小核糖核酸155 (miR-155)、人表皮生长因子受体-2 (HER-2)蛋白表达情况与淋巴结转移情况,探讨乳腺癌组织中miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达与淋巴结转移的相关性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月-2019年1月在该院确诊为乳腺癌且为淋巴结转移的24例患者组成淋巴结转移组,56例非淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者组成非淋巴结转移组,40例乳腺良性疾病患者组成对照组,比较3组miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达情况,分析乳腺癌组织中miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达与淋巴结转移的相关性。结果淋巴结转移组miR-155表达水平明显高于非淋巴结转移组、对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);淋巴结转移组HER-2阳性率明显高于非淋巴结转移组、对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);经Spearman相关性分析发现,miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达与淋巴结转移呈正相关(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌组织中miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达与淋巴结转移呈正相关,临床工作中可通过检测乳腺癌患者miR-155、HER-2蛋白表达,指导临床治疗与评估预后。     

Zinc, copper, and magnesium and risks for all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality

BACKGROUND: Experimental data suggest that zinc, copper, and magnesium are involved in carcinogenesis and atherogenesis. Few longitudinal studies have related these minerals to cancer or cardiovascular disease mortality in a population. METHODS: Data from the Paris Prospective Study 2, a cohort of 4035 men age 30-60 years at baseline, were used to assess the association between serum zinc, copper, and magnesium and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Serum mineral values measured at baseline were divided into quartiles and classified into low (1st quartile, referent group), medium (2nd-3rd quartiles), and high (4th quartile) values. During 18-year follow up, 339 deaths occurred, 176 as a result of cancer and 56 of cardiovascular origin. Relative risks (RRs) for each element were inferred using Cox's proportional hazard model after controlling for various potential confounders. RESULTS: High copper values (4th quartile) were associated with a 50% increase in RRs for all-cause deaths (RR = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.1), a 40% increase for cancer mortality (1.4; 0.9-2.2), and a 30% increase for cardiovascular mortality (1.3; 0.6-2.8) compared with low values (1st quartile). High magnesium values were negatively related to mortality with a 40% decrease in RR for all-cause (0.6; 0.4-0.8) and cardiovascular deaths (0.6; 0.2-1.2) and by 50% for cancer deaths (0.5; 0.3-0.8). Additionally, subjects with a combination of low zinc and high copper values had synergistically increased all-cause (2.6; 1.4-5.0) and cancer (2.7; 1.0-7.3) mortality risks. Similarly, combined low zinc and high magnesium values were associated with decreased all-cause (0.2; 0.1-0.5) and cancer (0.2; 0.1-0.8) mortality risks. CONCLUSIONS: High serum copper, low serum magnesium, and concomitance of low serum zinc with high serum copper or low serum magnesium contribute to an increased mortality risk in middle-aged men.     

Heat-related illnesses, deaths, and risk factors--Cincinnati and Dayton, Ohio, 1999, and United States, 1979-1997

During the summer of 1999, a heat wave occurred in the midwestern and eastern United States. This period of hot and humid weather persisted from July 12 through August 1, 1999, and caused or contributed to 22 deaths among persons residing in Cincinnati (18 deaths) and Dayton (four deaths). A CDC survey of 24 U.S. metropolitan areas indicated that Ohio recorded some of the highest rates for heat-related deaths during the 1999 heat wave, with Cincinnati reporting 21 per million and Dayton reporting seven per million (CDC, unpublished data, 1999). This report describes four heat-related deaths representative of those that occurred in Cincinnati or Dayton during the 1999 heat wave, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1997, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, and recommends preventive measures.     

International standards and international reference preparations: amphotericin B, vancomycin, capreomycin, cefalotin, demethylchlortetracycline, gentamycin, gramicidin S, kanamycin and kanamycin B, lincomycin, lymecycline, methacycline, paromomycin, rifamycin SV, ristocetin and ristocetin B, spiramycin, and triacetyloleandomycin

Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a standard procedure was used to distribute the material into individual ampoules. The procedure was as follows. Upon receipt by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, materials were stored temporarily in the dark at a temperature of -10°C or lower, and protected from moisture. At a convenient time they were brought back to room temperature, mixed, and distributed into individual neutral glass ampoules so that each ampoule contained 50-100 mg of powder. If it was known that the material was light-sensitive non-actinic glass ampoules were used. After exhaustive drying in vacuum over phosphorus(V) oxide, the ampoules were either constricted (up to 1963) or fitted with capillary leak plugs, dried for a further period under the same conditions, filled with dry nitrogen, and sealed by fusion of the glass. The total drying period varied from 8 to 38 days according to the nature of the material. After they had been tested for leaks, the ampoules were stored in the dark at -20°C.     

Psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine

This paper examines the relationship between psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine. These countries have been subjected to highly stressful and extensive social change associated with the transition out of communism. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews (n = 10,406) in November 2001. Distress was measured by 12 psychological distress symptoms. Health lifestyles focused on measures of alcohol consumption, smoking and diet. We found that females carried a much heavier burden of psychological distress than males, but this distress did not translate into greater alcohol consumption and smoking for these women or for men. The greatest influence of distress on health lifestyle practices was on daily diets in that both less distressed females and males consumed a more balanced diet than more distressed persons. Our findings suggest that it is the normative demands of a particular lifestyle, rather than distress, that principally shapes the pattern of heavy male drinking. This is an important finding as some sources indicate heavy drinking is largely responsible for the health crisis in the former socialist states.     

Dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and blood pressure

The cross-sectional association of systolic blood pressure with dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, as estimated from dietary histories, was investigated by multiple regression analysis of data gathered in the Netherlands in the early 1950s in a general health examination of 2,291 middle-aged civil servants and spouses of civil servants. A statistically significant negative trend with systolic blood pressure was seen for calcium intake in both males and females, even after adjustments for covariates. For sodium and potassium intake, the observed negative trends were not significant after multivariate analyses. In addition, no consistent associations were found between diastolic blood pressure and the micronutrients after multivariate analyses, except for a significant negative association with calcium intake in females. In this study population, blood pressure was a strong independent risk factor of total mortality: 15- and 25-year mortality was about twice as high for hypertensives (greater than or equal to 160 mmHg) as for normotensives (less than 160 mmHg). These findings support the conclusion in recent epidemiologic studies that higher intakes of calcium are associated with lower systolic blood pressure, and they extend the evidence to an earlier time period.     

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