掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗C型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗C型桡骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法:选择本院收治的C型桡骨远端骨折患者72例,以简单随机法分为对照组和治疗组各31例,对照组采取外固定架固定治疗,治疗组采取掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗,观察对比两组临床效果。结果:两组骨折愈合时间并发症发生率对比均无明显差异,P0.05。治疗组桡骨短缩、关节面台阶均低于对照组,且掌倾角、尺偏角均高于对照组,P0.05。结论:外固定架固定治疗和掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗均是治疗C型桡骨远端骨折的有效术式,但掌侧锁定钢板内固定骨折对位效果更好,有利于术后早期功能恢复,值得临床应用。     

外固定支架与锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端C型骨折对比观察

目的：探讨外固定支架与锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端C型骨折临床疗效及安全性差异。方法研究对象选取桡骨远端C型骨折患者80例,以随机数字表法分为A组和B组,各40例,分别采用掌侧锁定加压钢板内固定和外固定支架治疗;比较2组患者Cooney腕关节评分优良率,随访尺偏角、掌倾角、桡骨高度及术后并发症发生率等。结果 B组患者Cooney腕关节功能优良率显著高于A组（P＜0.05）;B组患者随访尺偏角、掌倾角及桡骨高度均显著高于A组（P＜0.05）;同时2组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论外固定支架治疗桡骨远端C型骨折能够显著改善术后腕关节功能,提高关节活动度,且未诱发严重术后并发症出现,疗效优于锁定钢板内固定。     

掌侧锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折（AO C3型）临床效果观察

目的探讨掌侧锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折（AO C3型）临床效果。方法选取2011年3月—2013年3月该院收治的桡骨远端不稳定骨折（AO C3型）患者86例,随机分成两组,运用掌侧锁定钢板治疗观察组,运用常规外固定支架治疗对照组,每组43例,观察两组的临床效果。结果在骨折复位及功能恢复上,观察组明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论对桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者采用掌侧锁定钢板治疗,可以有效恢复桡骨远端的掌倾角度、尺偏角度及桡骨的高度,稳定骨折断端,有利于早期功能训练,提高术后的功能康复,值得临床推广。     

掌侧入路锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折疗效分析

探讨掌侧入路锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的疗效。方法选择2012 年1 月-2015 年1 月该院收治的93 例桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者,随机分为对照组47 例和观察组46 例。对照组采取外固定支架手术方法,观察组采取掌侧入路锁定钢板内固定治疗,根据患者一般情况、术后的影像学测量参数和Gartland-Werley 腕关节评分评估手术效果。结果两组患者的尺偏角、掌倾角、桡骨短缩和桡腕关节面移位差异均无统计学意义（ p>0.05）,根据Gartland-Werley 评分标准,对照组优良率为70.2%（33/47）,观察组优良率为 89.1%（41/46）,经χ2 检验,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.126, =0.016）,优良率观察组> 对照组（ p<0.05）。结论经掌侧入路锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折,患者的术后功能恢复较好,值得临床推广与应用。     

采用掌侧锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折效果观察

目的：对桡骨远端不稳定骨折采用掌侧锁定钢板治疗的效果进行观察。方法选择2013年1月—2014年5月我院收治的桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者50例,分为对照组和观察组各25例。对照组患者接受传统固定治疗;观察组患者接受掌侧锁定钢板治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、掌倾角和尺偏角的恢复情况差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者采用掌侧锁定钢板治疗,能够取得更加理想的临床治疗效果。     

掌侧锁定钢板治疗54例C型桡骨远端骨折临床观察

目的研究掌侧锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的临床疗效。方法选择2009年1月～2012年1月在我院进行治疗的桡骨远端不稳定性骨折患者27例，对患者进行切开复位治疗，使用掌侧锁定钢板对其进行内固定治疗（观察组），同时选择27例病情相近、临床指证差异无显著性的患者，对比采用传统牵引复位后再用石膏对其进行外固定治疗（对照组）。分别观察两组患者治疗效果，并对其进行对比分析。结果对所有患者在经过固定治疗及出院后的1年内进行回访，观察组在Dienst的功能标准评分上表现较对照组好，有更多患者恢复效果满意。结论通过掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折，效果较为满意，随访后得知，患者术后功能恢复较为理想。与传统的牵引复位相比后石膏外固定的方法相比，掌侧锁定钢板在患者功能恢复及满意度上表现较好。     

多轴锁定钢板结合植骨治疗老年桡骨远端骨折

目的探讨NumelockⅡ桡骨远端掌侧多轴锁定钢板内固定结合植骨治疗老年人桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法自2007年8月～2009年6月期间对16例（均为单侧）老年桡骨远端骨折采用切开复位,NumelockⅡ桡骨远端掌侧多轴锁定钢板内固定结合植骨治疗,并对患者术后影像学结果、临床疗效结果及并发症进行随访分析。结果所有患者均得到随访,随访时间3～19个月,平均11.8个月。所有骨折均骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间3～8个月。按照改良Mcbride评分和纽约骨科医院腕关节评估标准：优9例,良5例,可1例,差1例,优良率为87.5%。结论NumelockⅡ桡骨远端掌侧多轴锁定钢板具有操作简便,固定可靠,可根据术中骨折具体情况选择锁定螺钉的植入角度等优点,结合术中对骨缺损区进行足量植骨,是治疗老年桡骨远端骨折的一种有效方法。     

掌侧锁定加压钢板结合外支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的：探讨应用掌侧锁定加压钢板（lucking compression plate LCP）结合外支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法：自2003年5月至2009年5月,应用T形锁定加压钢板掌侧入路,跨腕关节外支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折40例。闭合性骨折32例,开放性骨折8例。术后进行腕关节功能随诊,X线片观察。结果：本次均获得随诊,骨折全部于3个月内愈合,术后X线评估结果满意。疗效优25例,良6例,可4例,优良率87.5%。结论：采用掌侧锁定加压钢板结合外支架治疗桡骨远端骨折具有复位简单、固定可靠、退钉率低、早期恢复腕关节功能的优势。     

掌侧锁定钢板、横向克氏针治疗桡尺远侧桡骨远端骨折(关节失稳型)疗效观察

目的:观察掌侧锁定钢板、横向克氏针治疗桡尺远侧桡骨远端骨折(关节失稳型)的临床疗效.方法:选取我院收治的50例桡尺远侧桡骨远端骨折患者,随机分为治疗组(n=25)与对照组(n=25).治疗组应用掌侧锁定钢板、横向克氏针治疗,对照组应用内固定治疗,对比治疗效果.结果:对比两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、住院天数,差异显著,有统计学意义;所有患者术后均获得完整随访,对比术后3个月腕关节的旋前、旋后,背伸和桡偏活动度,差异显著,有统计学意义.讨论:对桡尺远侧桡骨远端骨折应用掌侧锁定钢板、横向克氏针治疗,可改善患者预后,有效缩短手术与骨折愈合时间.     

掌侧锁定钢板内固定手术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨掌侧锁定钢板内固定手术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床效果。方法对应用掌侧锁定钢板内固定手术治疗的43例桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果患者手术前和术后掌倾角分别为（-27.2±8.5）°和（10.4±3.8）°,尺偏角分别为（5.1±2.9）°和（19.1±3.5）°,桡骨短缩分别为（17.6±5.3）mm和（1.8±1.1）mm,术后掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩与术前相比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;患者腕关节功能优良率达95.3%,其中优27例,良14例,可2例,差0例。结论掌侧锁定钢板内固定手术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床效果显著。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.