聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效观察及影响因素分析

目的:探讨聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床疗效及其影响因素。方法:收集慢性丙型肝炎患者142例,采用聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林作为抗病毒治疗方案,分别在治疗前、治疗第4周、第12周、第24周、第36周、第48周、治疗结束后24周检测HCVRNA载量。统计患者的持续病毒学应答率,同时对比不同临床资料患者的持续病毒学应答率以分析聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效的影响因素。结果:142例患者经过治疗后,快速病毒学应答率75.35%,治疗结束时病毒学应答率97.18%,持续病毒学应答率82.39%。对比不同临床资料患者的持续病毒学应答率,结果显示,年龄≤40岁、体质量<75kg、病程<10年患者的持续病毒学应答率显著高于年龄>40岁、体质量≥75kg、病程≥10年的患者(P<0.05);疗程越接近48周,聚乙二醇干扰素、利巴韦林累积用量越接近预计用量的患者,其持续病毒学应答率越高(P<0.05)。结论:聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林是慢性丙型肝炎较为理想的抗病毒方案,临床治疗中应尽量保证80%以上的疗程和80%以上的药物推荐剂量以获得更为理想的持续病毒学应答率。     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林治疗静脉药瘾者慢性丙型肝炎38例疗效观察

目的 评价聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林治疗静脉药瘾者慢性丙型肝炎的病毒学应答.方法 38例静脉药瘾者慢性丙型肝炎患者为治疗组,没同期就诊输血后慢性丙型肝炎患者37例为对照组,均予聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b(80μg/w)联合利巴韦林[10.6mg/(kg·d)]治疗48周,检测基线及治疗12周、48周时的血浆HCV RNA水平,治疗后随访24周,比较两组早期病毒学应答(EVR)率、治疗终点病毒学应答(ETVR)率和持续病毒学应答(SVR)率.结果 治疗组和对照组EVR率、ETVR率、SVR率分别为44.74%、76.32%、63.16%和48.65%、75.68%、64.86%,组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 静脉药瘾者慢性丙型肝炎用聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林治疗的病毒学应答与输血后慢性丙型肝炎人群相当,聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林是静脉药瘾者慢性丙型肝炎的有效治疗选择.     

金刚烷胺三联疗法治疗无应答型丙型肝炎患者

背景与目的:探讨应用金刚烷胺联合聚乙二醇干扰素/利巴韦林疗法能否提高对干扰素/利巴韦林无应答的慢性丙型肝炎患者的应答率,并研究其应答的动力学特征。方法:选取200例对干扰素/利巴韦林无应答的慢性丙型肝炎患者,进行一项双盲、多中心的随机试验,即接受聚乙二醇干扰素1.5μg/(kg·周)和利巴韦林800～1200m g/d,并加用金刚烷胺200m g/d或安慰剂治疗48周,治疗终点为产生病毒学应答、ALT正常及组织学改善。结果:20%患者出现持续病毒学应答(SVR),其中三联治疗(24%患者)的应答率为8%,高于二联治疗(16%)(P=0.22)。三联治疗组在24周时出现较…     

两种聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗1b及6a亚型慢性丙型肝炎的疗效

目的 观察两种聚乙二醇干扰素(PEG-INF)联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床疗效.方法 回顾分析澳门仁伯爵综合医院171例慢性丙型肝炎患者的临床资料,其中基因1b型145例,基因6a型26例.140例患者采用聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b注射剂(PEG-IFN-2b)与利巴韦林联合治疗,31例采用聚乙二醇干扰素a-2a注射液(PEG-IFN-2a)与利巴韦林联合治疗,总疗程48周,分别于治疗12、24、48周及治疗结束后24周评价病毒学疗效.结果 所有患者均完成治疗,总早期病毒应答率(EVR)为78.95%,持续病毒学应答率(SVR)为69.59%.两组患者在EVR(P=0.091)、治疗结束时病毒学应答率(ETVR)(P=0.542)、SVR(P=0.079)和复发率(P=0.497)方面差异均无统计学意义.两种基因型患者的EVR(P=0.268)、ETVR(P=0.276)、SVR(P=0.479)和复发率(P=1.000)间差异也均无统计学意义.结论 两种PEG-INF联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎均有较高应答率且疗效相当,对两种HCV基因型患者的疗效也无明显差异.     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床观察

目的：观察聚乙二醇干扰素α--2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的疗效和安全性．方法将106例慢性丙型肝炎患者随机分为2组,给予抗病毒治疗,实验组给予皮下注射聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a 180μg,每周1次;对照组给予皮下注射干扰素α-1b 5MIU,隔日1次,2组均按体重同时服用联合利巴韦林900-1200 mg,每天1次,疗程48周．分别在治疗前、治疗第4周、12周、24周、治疗结束时、治疗结束后24周测定患者血清HCV-RNA水平,同时观察不良反应．结果实验组的快速病毒学应答率（RVR）为77.4％,完全早期病毒学应答率（cEVR）为83.0％,治疗结束应答率（ETVR）为90.6％,治疗结束后随访24周持续应答率（SVR）为84.9％,明显优于对照组．结论聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎具有良好的抗病毒疗效,安全性较好．     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效观察

目的：总结聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎（CHE）的治疗效果。方法将56例慢性丙型肝炎患者随机分为2组,治疗组应用聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗,对照组应用普通干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林治疗,疗程均为48周。检测2组患者治疗前、治疗后4,12,24,48周和治疗结束24周不同时间点的血常规、肝功能、丙型肝炎病毒载量（HCV-RNA）等,并密切观察患者的不良反应和耐受情况。结果治疗组的快速病毒学应答（RVR）率、早期病毒学应答（EVR）率、持续病毒学应答（SVR）率、治疗结束时病毒学应答（ETVR）率、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）复常率明显高于对照组;复发率、无应答（NR）率低于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。2组不良反应发生率比较无明显差异（P﹥0.05）。结论聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎（CHE）的疗效优于普通干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林。     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的病毒学应答

目的研究聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b(PEG-IFNα-2b)联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的病毒学应答情况。方法回顾性分析40例接受抗病毒治疗的慢性丙型肝炎不同基因型患者的临床资料,根据患者体重给予剂量个体化的PEG-IFNα-2b和利巴韦林,hepatitisCvirus-1型感染者治疗48周,非HCV-1型感染者治疗24周。分别在治疗前、治疗后12周、治疗结束时及治疗结束24周后测定患者血浆HCVRNA水平。结果HCV-1型感染者24例(60.0%),非HCV-1型感染者16例(40.0%);HCV-1型和非HCV-1型患者早期病毒学应答(EVR)率分别为75.0%(18/24例)和87.5%(14/16例),治疗终点病毒学应答(ETVR)率分别为80.0%(16/20例)和85.7%(12/14例),持久病毒学应答(SVR)率分别为56.2%(9/16例)和78.5%(11/14例)。结论基于患者体重的剂量个体化PEG-IFNα-2b联合利巴韦林可有效治疗不同基因型慢性丙型肝炎。     

聚乙二醇干扰素、利巴韦林联合治疗慢性丙型肝炎的疗效

目的探讨聚乙二醇干扰素、利巴韦林联合治疗慢性丙型肝炎的疗效。方法将自2009年1月～2011年12月收治的慢性丙型肝炎患者68例随机分为观察组与对照组。观察组应用聚乙二醇(PEG)干扰素、利巴韦林进行治疗,对照组应用普通干扰素和利巴韦林进行治疗。结果两组患者在经过48周的治疗后,观察组19例患者获得早期病毒应答,13例患者获得SVR,2例患者无应答。对照组10例患者获得早期病毒答应,6例患者获得SVR,18例患者无应答。两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论聚乙二醇干扰素、利巴韦林联合治疗慢性丙型肝炎疗效确切、安全,及时发现药物不良反应并采取适当措施,能够确保患者完成治疗疗程。     

聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床疗效观察

目的:进一步探讨聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床治疗效果。方法:选取100例慢性丙型肝炎患者,将患者平均分成对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患者采用常规干扰素联合利巴韦林进行治疗,观察组患者采用聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林进行治疗,观察两组患者经治疗后肝功能的变化情况。结果:患者经治疗后,肝功能状况均在不同程度上有所变化,其中观察组患者的持续应答率为92%,对照组患者的持续应答率为76%,治疗效果差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论:聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林对慢性丙型肝炎的治疗效果显著,能够有效降低患者的复发率,在临床上具有极为重要的作用,值得推广。     

聚乙二醇干扰素α—2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎临床效果及安全性分析

目的探讨聚乙二醇干扰素α—2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎临床效果及安全性分析。方法选取2013年5月至2015年1月在我院进行治疗的慢性丙型肝炎患者54例,所有患者予以抗病毒治疗,对实验组患者予以聚乙二醇干扰素α—2a联合利巴韦林治疗,对照组患者单纯予以聚乙二醇干扰素α—2a单药治疗。治疗结束后对患者的持续应答率(SVR)进行分析,并对患者治疗中的不良反应进行记录、分析与比较。结果对照组27例患者中,持续应答率(SVR)为59.30%(16/27);实验组27例患者中,持续应答率(SVR)为88.89%(24/27)。实验组的持续应答率(SVR)要显著高于对照组。在治疗开始阶段,两组患者大多存在头痛、乏力、肌肉痛等程度不等的流感样症状。由于这些症状持续时间短,因此,可以进行继续治疗。两组患者都出现脱发现象,没有肾功能异常以及抑郁等症状。部分患者在治疗中出现血小板下降以及白细胞减少,给予相关药物治疗后,能够坚持用药。结论聚乙二醇干扰素α—2a联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎临床效果显著,值得进一步推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.