肥胖青少年血清瘦素、胰岛素和胰岛素原水平的变化

目的　检测肥胖青少年血清瘦素、胰岛素、胰岛素原水平的变化 ,探讨青少年肥胖与代谢综合征的关系。方法　从年龄 14～ 16岁的 2 2 17例学生中筛选出体重指数 (BMI)≥ 2 5kg/m2 的肥胖学生 (肥胖组 ) 198例 ,BMI在 18 5～ 2 3 0kg/m2 之间的体重正常学生 (正常组 ) 78例 ,用放射免疫方法测定血清瘦素、胰岛素和胰岛素原水平 ,同时测定血糖及血脂水平 ,比较两组间差异。结果　血清瘦素水平女生明显高于同龄男生 [(18 5 3± 1 4 1) μg/L比 (6 33± 1 79) μg/L]。肥胖组血清瘦素、胰岛素和胰岛素原水平均高于同龄体重正常者 [分别为 (19 94± 1 91) μg/L比 (11 2 7± 2 0 4 ) μg/L ,(15 34± 1 6 6 ) μIU/L比 (13 17± 1 4 3) μIU/L ,(16 19± 1 6 4 )pmol/L比 (11 79± 1 70 )pmol/L ],血糖、甘油三酯 (TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)水平虽然在正常范围内 ,但肥胖者血糖和TG水平高于同龄体重正常者 [分别为 (4 6 3± 0 5 0 )mmol/L比 (4 13± 0 33)mmol/L ,(1 2 0± 0 5 6 )mmol/L比 (0 90±0 32 )mmol/L],HDL C水平低于同龄体重正常者 [(1 14± 0 2 4 )mmol/L比 (1 38± 0 2 6 )mmol/L]。结论　肥胖青少年可能存在瘦素抵抗、胰岛素抵抗及潜在的糖代谢和脂代谢异常等代谢综合征改变 ,     

高血压合并冠心病患者血清periostin、AngII水平及其相关性

目的 探讨高血压合并冠心病患者血清骨膜素（periostin,PN）及血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）水平及其临床意义。方法 选取2018年10月至2019年7月在山西医科大学第二医院就诊患者163例,分为原发性高血压合并冠心病（EH+CHD）组81例,原发性高血压（EH）组48例和正常对照组34例;其中EH+CHD组分为陈旧性心肌梗死（OMI）亚组（22例）,不稳定型心绞痛（UA）亚组（31例）,急性心肌梗死（AMI）亚组（28例）。比较各组研究对象血清PN、AngⅡ、总胆固醇（TC） 、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平变化并分析其相关性。结果 血清PN、AngⅡ、TC、TG、LDL-C水平在对照组、EH组及EH+CHD组三组间比较差异有统计学意义,且EH+CHD组>EH组>对照组 [PN：（1629.70±209.03）ng/L比（1774.20±230.22）ng/L比（1952.78±282.41）ng/L;Ang II:（403.52±23.56）ng/L比（579.87±52.36）ng/L比（605.54±67.38）ng/L;TC:（3.92±0.75）mmol/L比（3.95±0.89）mmol/L比（4.87±1.03）mmol/L;TG:(1.29±0.56) mmol/L比(1.49±0.57) mmol/L比(1.91±0.86) mmol/L;LDL-C:(2.27±0.69) mmol/L比(2.19±0.73) mmol/L比(2.67±0.77) mmol/L]（P<0.05）;血清HDL-C水平在对照组、EH组及EH+CHD组三组间比较差异有统计学意义,且EH+CHD组＜EH组＜对照组[HDL-C:(1.21±0.28) mmol/L比(1.13±0.27) mmol/L比(0.98±0.28) mmol/L]（P<0.05）。血清TC、TG、LDL-C及HDL-C水平除在对照组和高血压组无统计学意义（P>0.05）,在其余各组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。EH+CHD的三个亚组中,血清PN与AngⅡ水平各组之间两两比较均有统计学差异,且AMI组>UA组>OMI组[PN:（2131.88±303.95）ng/L比（1955.60±196.48）ng/L比（1720.84±175.38）ng/L;Ang II:（646.41±78.86）ng/L比（602.59±47.88）ng/L比（557.68±37.21）ng/L]（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析,血清PN与AngⅡ、TC 、TG、LDL-C水平呈正相关关系（rAngⅡ=0.580,rTC=0.338,rTG=0.384,rLDL-C=0.318,P<0.05）,血清PN与HDL-C水平呈负相关关系（rHDL-C=-0.320,P<0.05）。结论 血清periostin水平与冠心病及高血压密切相关,联合检测PN和AngⅡ可以更好的反映高血压合并冠心病患者疾病的严重程度;PN可能是高血压合并冠心病治疗的靶点。     

血清胆红素与血脂及冠状动脉病变程度相关性研究

目的:探讨冠心病患者血清胆红素与血脂及冠状动脉病变程度的相关性。方法:将346例冠状动脉造影患者分为冠心病组(287例)对照组(59例)。分别测定血清胆红素、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDlL-C)浓度。根据美国心脏病学会(AHA)评分标准,结合冠状动脉造影结果进行冠状动脉狭窄程度评分。观察2组病例总胆红素(TBIL)与血脂及冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。结果:外周血TBIL浓度冠心病组(7.6±3.2)μmol/L比对照组(12.1±3.2)μmol/L低,差异有显著性(P<0.05);TC、LDL-C浓度冠心病组(5.79±1.53)mmol/L、(5.34±1.48)mmol/L较对照组(3.82±1.15)mmol/L、(2.27±0.69)mmol/L高差异有显著性(P<0.05);HDL-C浓度冠心病组(1.11±0.57)mmol/L较对照组(1.46±0.23)mmol/L低差异有显著性(P<0.05);冠心病组TBIL与LDL-C、TC呈负相关,与HDL-C呈正相关;冠状动脉狭窄指数与TBIL、LDL-C、HDL-C有相关关系;多因素回归分析显示LDL-C及TBIL与冠状动脉狭窄指数明显相关。结论:冠心病患者TBIL水平降低;冠心病患者TBIL与TC及LDL-C有显著负相关,与HDL-C呈显著正相关;冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与TBIL及HDL-C呈负相关。     

高血压病超重及肥胖患者血清脂联素水平和IL-6含量的变化

目的研究高血压病超重及肥胖患者血清脂素水平、白介素-6(IL-6)含量的变化及其临床意义。方法63名正常非肥胖对照(男31名,女32名)和57名体重指数>25kg/m2的单纯性超重肥胖个体和41名高血压病超重肥胖患者进入研究,测量血压(BP)、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、腰臀围比(WHR),用ELISA法检测所有研究对象血清脂联素浓度、血清IL-6含量。结果单纯性超重肥胖患者与高血压超重病肥胖患者血清脂联素水平显著低于正常对照者[单纯性超重肥胖男性(7.03±1.67)mg/L,高血压病超重肥胖男性(6.13±1.74)mg/Lvs正常对照男性(8.21±0.93)mg/L,t=3.868,t=5.388,均P<0.01;单纯性超重肥胖女性(7.90±1.35)mg/L,高血压病超重肥胖女性(6.97±1.16)mg/Lvs正常对照女性(9.22±0.68)mg/L,t=4.612,t=7.167,均P<0.01]。高血压病超重肥胖男性血清IL-6含量显著高于正常对照男性[高血压病超重肥胖男性(394.86±353.9)pg/mlvs正常对照男性(248.02±223.2)pg/ml,t=2.368,P<0.05;高血压病超重肥胖女性(303.2±283.6)pg/mlvs正常对照女性(230.5±214.2)pg/ml,t=0.9046,P>0.05]。在高血压病超重肥胖患者中,脂联素与体重指数、腰围、腰臀围比、收缩压之间呈显著负相关;IL-6与收缩压之间呈显著正相关。结论脂联素水平下降与超重肥胖、血压之间存在一定的相关性;IL-6含量升高可能与高血压病有关。     

女性高血压患者绝经前后及绝经年限与血脂水平关系探讨

目的探讨女性高血压患者绝经前后及绝经年限与血脂变化的关系。方法女性高血压患者131例,分绝经前组(34例)及绝经后组(97例),测晨起空腹静脉血中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),进行组间比较,并分析绝经年限与血脂水平的相关性。并与73例健康对照组比较。结果绝经前高血压组TC、LDL-C〔(5.27±0.47)mmol/L和(3.50±0.45)mmol/L〕显著高于对照组〔(4.33±0.70)mmol/L和(2.67±0.50)mmol/L,均为P<0.01〕。绝经后高血压组TG、TC、LDL-C〔(1.87±1.06)mmol/L、(6.41±0.78)mmol/L和(4.61±0.87)〕均显著高于对照组〔(1.26±0.79)mmol/L、(4.63±0.54)mmol/L和(2.79±0.47)mmol/L,均为P<0.01〕,HDL-C则低于对照组〔(1.36±0.32)和(1.57±0.33)mmol/L,P<0.01〕。高血压绝经后组TG、TC、LDL-C〔(1.87±1.06)mmol/L、(6.41±0.78)mmol/L和(4.61±0.87)mmol/L〕显著高于绝经前组〔(1.35±0.99)mmol/L,P<0.05;(5.27±0.47)mmol/L,P<0.01;(3.50±0.45)mmol/L,P<0.01〕,HDL-C低于绝经前组〔(1.36±0.32)和(1.51±0.26)mmol/L,P<0.05〕。TC、LDL-C与绝经年限呈显著正相关(r分别为0.88和0.81,P<0.01)。结论女性高血压患者绝经后血TG、TC、LDL-C增高,TC、LDL-C与绝经年限呈正相关,而HDL-C降低。     

肥胖人群中血清瘦素、游离脂肪酸和脂联素水平的相互关系

目的 测定肥胖人群中血清瘦素、游离脂肪酸(FFA)和脂联素的血清水平及分析其相互之间的关系。方法 20名正常非肥胖对照和63名体重指数>25kg/m~2的超重肥胖个体进入研究,后者按其血糖水平又分为单纯性肥胖组(38例)和2型糖尿病组(25例)。所有研究对象均分别完成口服葡萄糖耐量试验和减少样本数的静脉葡萄糖耐量试验(FSIVGTT)。使用SPSS10.0统计软件包统计分析血清胰岛素、瘦素、游离脂肪酸和脂联素在各组人群间的水平差异以及与肥胖度和胰岛素敏感指数等指标的关系。结果 肥胖患者的血清瘦素和FFA水平均显著高于正常对照,唯血清脂联素水平显著低于正常对照[瘦素:单纯肥胖(15.55±1.87)μg/L,糖尿病肥胖(13.41±5.07)μg/Lvs正常对照(2.83±0.70)μg/L,均P<0.001;FFA:单纯肥胖(670.5±239.8)μmol/L,糖尿病肥胖(780.8±381.7)μmol/Lvs正常对照(393.2±152.1)μmol/L,P<0.001和P<0.01;脂联素:单纯肥胖(9.11±2.16)μg/L,糖尿病肥胖(4.25±1.59)μg/Lvs正常对照(12.14±3.57)μg/L,P<0.01和P<0.001]。在以胰岛素敏感指数为应变量的多元回归方程中,脂联素、空腹胰岛素、FFA和腰臀比(WHR)进入方程(r~=0.28,P<0.001)。结论 肥胖人群的血清瘦素、FFA水平显著高于正常人群,血清脂联素水平则与之相反;肥胖度是影响     

慢性情绪应激对高脂饮食大鼠炎症反应和主动脉Toll样受体4表达的影响

目的通过观察慢性情绪应激对高脂饮食大鼠脂代谢、炎症反应和主动脉内皮细胞TLR4表达的影响,探讨慢性情绪应激在动脉粥样硬化病变形成中的作用、机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照组(NC)、无应激组(NS)、生理应激组(PS)和情绪应激组(ES),每组各10只,并制作慢性情绪应激模型。于末次应激结束后采集血标本,全自动生化分析仪检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C和hs-CRP,ELISA法测定血清ox-LDL、放免法检测TNF-α水平;HE染色观察大鼠主动脉形态学变化;免疫组化法(S-P)测定主动脉内皮细胞TLR4表达。结果 (1)ES组大鼠较其他3组出现了明显的脂代谢紊乱和炎症反应。与PS组、NS组、NC组比较,ES组TC、LDL-C、ox-LDL水平明显升高[TC:(5.30±0.69)mmol/L比(3.94±0.42)mmol/L、(3.82±0.48)mmol/L、(2.07±0.26)mmol/L;LDL-C:(1.57±0.22)mmol/L比(1.18±0.13)mmol/L、(1.11±0.11)mmol/L、(0.75±0.11)mmol/L;ox-LDL:(65.18±6.51)μg/dl比(45.65±2.70)μg/dl、(38.35±2.27)μg/dl、(14.99±1.46)μg/dl,均为P<0.01];ES组HDL-C[(0.94±0.14)mmol/L]低于NS组[(1.09±0.14)mmol/L,P<0.05],低于NC组[(1.16±0.18)mmol/L,P<0.01];与PS组、NS组、NC组比较,ES组hs-CRP、TNF-α水平升高[hs-CRP:(1.748±0.082)mg/L比(1.485±0.067)mg/L、(1.381±0.067)mg/L、(0.757±0.069)mg/L;TNF-α:(2.447±0.083)μg/L比(2.189±0.099)μg/L、(2.181±0.085)μg/L、(1.772±0.075)μg/L,均为P<0.01];(2)ES组大鼠主动脉出现早期动脉粥样硬化性改变;(3)ES组大鼠主动脉内皮细胞TLR4表达明显上调,其阳性细胞单位面积平均吸光度值(A)高于PS组、NS组和NC组[(0.334±0.010)比(0.250±0.012)、(0.238±0.015)、(0.082±0.008),均为P<0.01]。结论慢性情绪应激可能在动脉粥样硬化形成的早期,部分通过激活TLR4释放炎性细胞因子引起机体的炎症反应,进而导致动脉粥样硬化病变形成。     

广州市省公医系统部分干部血脂改变近况

目的　了解广州市省公医系统 40岁以上部分干部近三年血脂水平的改变。方法　 1995～ 1998年 2次对2 6 10例和 2 970例干部采用常规酶法检查血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C)水平。结果　 1998年组TC水平 [(5 5 1± 1 0 0 )mmol/L]与 1995年组 [(5 5 3± 1 0 6 )mmol/L]无明显差异 ;1998年组TG水平[(1 5 9± 1 0 4)mmol/L]明显高于 1995年组 [(1 2 7± 0 84)mmol/L];1998年组HDL -C水平 [(1 0 1± 0 33)mmol/L]明显低于 1995年组 [(1 35± 0 37)mmol/L]。 1995年组和 1998年组女性TC水平明显高于男性 ;1998年组男性TG水平明显高于女性。结论　近三年来TG明显升高 ,HDL -C明显降低 ,应继续加强对血脂的调控。     

LDL-C/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变程度和急性冠脉综合征的关系

目的探讨LDL-C/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变程度和急性冠脉综合征的关系.方法回顾性地分析203例选择性冠状动脉造影的病人,其中冠心病组(冠状动脉狭窄至少有1支以上≥50%)139例,非冠心病组(冠状动脉狭窄<50%)64例,分析两组间血脂各项(LDL-C、HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C)是否有差异性;LDL-C、HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性及与急性冠脉综合征的关系.结果 (1)LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C冠心病组比非冠心病组高[LDL-C(2.71±0.81)mmol/L vs (2.33±0.95)mmol/L, P＜0.01;LDL-C/HDL-C (2.43±0.66) vs (1.92±0.64), P＜0.01];冠心病组HDL-C(1.17±0.29) mmol/L低于非冠心病组HDL-C(1.27±0.35)mmol/L,(P＜0.05).(2)LDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈微弱的正相关(RldL-c=0.159,P=0.024, RldL-c/hdL-c=0.213,P=0.002) .(3)LDL-C/HDL-C急性冠脉综合征组(2.61±0.85) 比非急性冠脉综合症组(2.33±0.86)高(P＜0.05),差异有显著性.结论 (1)冠心病患者LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C升高、HDL-C降低.(2)LDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈微弱正相关.(3) LDL-C/HDL-C比值升高是急性冠脉综合症的一项比较常见的伴有脂质异常.     

皮质下单发小梗死不同来源动脉与LDL-C、超敏-C反应蛋白的相关性分析

目的探讨皮质下单发小梗死不同来源动脉与LDL-C、超敏-C反应蛋白水平的相关性。方法对连续入选100例大脑中动脉穿支供血区皮质下单发小梗死进行分型,依据皮质下单发小梗死不同来源动脉闭塞分为两种类型:A型:单纯穿支闭塞型梗死,B型:伴来源动脉狭窄/斑块形成阻塞穿支口梗死,检测LDL-C、超敏-C反应蛋白水平,比较不同分型组间的LDL-C、超敏-C反应蛋白水平的差异。结果 A型63例,占63.00%,B型37例,占37.00%。其中A型LDL-C水平为(3.08±0.92)mmol/L,B型LDL-C水平为(3.50±0.88)mmol/L,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),A型超敏-C反应蛋白水平为(3.36±2.30)mmol/L,B型超敏-C反应蛋白水平为(6.85±2.08)mmol/L,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同来源动脉的皮质下单发小梗死,其LDL-C及超敏-C反应蛋白水平不同,伴有来源动脉斑块形成或狭窄的皮质下单发小梗死LDL-C及超敏-C反应蛋白水平更高,有更多动脉粥样硬化因素参与其发病机制。     

Elevated serum lipoprotein(a) in subclinical hypothyroidism

OBJECTIVES Asymptomatic lymphocytic thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease. The present study aimed at evaluating serum lipoprotein(a)(Lp(a), measured as apo(a), and other lipid parameters In 32 subjects with asymptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism. SUBJECTS Thirty-two Chinese subjects with asymptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism were compared to 96 age and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Subclinical hypothyroid patients had higher (P < 0.005) apo(a), total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but lower (P < 0.05) high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared with sex and age-matched controls (apo(a) 296 (48–1650) vs 182 (19–1952 U/I), geometric mean (range); TG 1.86 ± 0.94 vs 1.33±0.74mmol/l (mean ± SD); TC 6.10 ±1.17 vs 5.42 ±1.13 mmol/l; LDL-C 410 ± 1.00 vs 3.49 ± 0.96 mmol/l; HDL-C 1.15 ± 0.40 vs 1.34 ± 0.40 mmol/l, respectlvely). Apo A-I and apo B were also higher than controls (1.96 ± 048 vs 1.48 ± 029 g/l and 1.44 ± 042 vs 1.05±029 g/l, respectively). Total cholesterol/HDL ratio and LDL/HDL ratio were also elevated in these subjects (577 ± 1.96 vs 428 ±1.19 and 389 ± 1.41 vs 2.79 ± 0.97, respectively, both P < 0.0005). Individual analysis revealed that 16 (50%) subjects had hyperlipoprotelnaemia (TC > 5.2 mmol/l in 10;TC > 52 mmol/l and TG > 2.3mmol in six) as compared to 21(208%) in the control group (P < 0.005). Subjects with TSH ± 11.0mlU/l had significantly higher TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios. A significant correlation was observed between TSH levels and TC/HDL ratios (r = 0.455, P < 001). CONCLUSIONS Subclinical hypothyroidism Is associated not only with elevated LDL-cholesterol levels and low HDL-cholesterol levels but also with elevated lipoprotein (a). This may further Increase the risk development of atheroscierosis.     

Cigarette smoking,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions,and lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase in young women

Much of the published data on the relationship of cigarette smoking (CS) with serum lipids and lipoproteins is based on studies of middle-aged individuals. Data on young women are scarce. This study examined the relationship of CS with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) subfractions and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity in Japanese collegiate women. Twenty-three current smokers were individually matched for physical activity scores, age, and body mass index (BMI) with 23 nonsmokers. There were no significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers in the mean nutrient intakes. Smokers had significantly lower mean HDL-C, HDL2-C, total cholesterol, and LCAT activity than nonsmokers. In univariate analyses, BMI significantly negatively correlated with HDL-C and HDL2-C. LCAT activity significantly positively correlated with HDL3-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). In multiple regression analyses, the number of CS was positively related to TG. BMI was negatively related to TC. LCAT activity was positively related to LDL-C, TC, and TG. These results suggest that the known associations in older adults of CS with HDL-C subfractions and LCAT activity are already apparent in young women.     

老年腹型肥胖者血清脂联素和糖脂代谢与高血压的关系

目的研究老年腹型肥胖患者血清脂联素、血糖、血脂代谢与高血压的关系。方法对109例年龄≥60岁的腹型肥胖者,依据血压水平分为高血压组(67例)和非高血压组(42例),抽取空腹静脉血,检测血糖、血脂、胰岛素、脂联素、瘦素等。结果高血压组血清脂联素(0.93±0.21)nmol/L显著低于非高血压组[(1.10±0.33)nmol/L,P<0.05];而TG,游离脂肪酸(FFA),血糖(FBG),均显著高于非高血压组(P<0.05),HDL显著低于非高血压组(P<0.01),瘦素未见显著差异。高血压组患者脂联素与腰围、TG、FBG之间存在显著负相关(r=-0.314,-0.204,-0.261,P<0.05),与HDL呈正相关(r=0.227,P<0.05)。多元线性回归提示,非高血压组,腰围是影响脂联素水平的重要因素,高血压组,血压对脂联素有较独立的影响因素。结论脂联素水平对伴有腹型肥胖的老年高血压患者的发病具有重要作用。脂联素水平下降可能是原发性高血压伴有糖脂代谢异常的特征性指标之一。     

Factors associated with plasma lipids and lipoproteins in type 1 diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study.

AIM: To assess the determinants and prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in Type 1 diabetic patients in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. METHODS: Standardized questionnaire data were obtained and anthropometric and biochemical measurements performed on 3159 Type 1 diabetic patients, randomly selected from 31 diabetes clinics. Plasma lipid levels were determined centrally, using enzymatic methods RESULTS: Plasma total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and HDL subfractions were higher in women than in men, while plasma triglycerides were higher in men (P < 0.001). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-C and HDL-C subfractions were, as expected, significantly associated with age and HbA1c in both sexes. Age and HbA1c adjusted values of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and HDL3-C in men and triglyceride and HDL2-C in women showed significant associations with central obesity, measured as the waist to hip ratio (WHR). Current smokers had lipid profiles characteristic of insulin resistance in comparison to nonsmokers. Significant positive associations were observed between hypertension and plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C in men and women. In men, degree of physical activity was negatively associated with triglyceride and positively related to HDL-C and HDL3-C. The prevalence of LDL-hypercholesterolaemia (LDL-C > 3.35 mmol/L) was 45% in men and in women, while plasma triglyceride levels > 1.7 mmol/L were observed in 12% of men and 8% of women. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that lipid levels in Type 1 diabetic patients are strongly influenced by smoking habit and central obesity in a way that is characteristic of the insulin resistance syndrome.     

恩平市城区学龄前儿童血脂状况分析

目的探讨恩平市城区超重、肥胖学龄前儿童血脂浓度的变化特点,为儿童肥胖的预防、治疗提供依据。方法选择恩平市城区6。7岁学龄前儿童1021名,测量其身高、体质量,并根据测量结果划分为正常体质量组,超重组和肥胖组。对自愿参加血脂浓度检测的494名儿童（正常体质量组127名,超重组219名和肥胖组148名）．采集空腹肘静脉血测定血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TG）、三酰甘油（triaeylglyeerol,TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesferol,HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholestorol,LDL—C）浓度。结果肥胖组血清HDL．C浓度低于超重组[（1．37±0．27）mmol／Lvs（1．46±0．31）mmol／L,P〈0．05]和体质量正常组[（1．37±0．27）mmol／Lvs（1．69±0．35）mmol／L,P〈0．05];超重组血清HDL-C浓度低于体质量正常组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。肥胖组血清TG及LDL—C浓度高于超重组[（1．11±0．52）mmol／Lvs（0．87＋0．37）mmol／L,P〈0．05;（2．44±0．54）mmol／LVS．（2．17±0．51）mmol／L,P〈0．05]及正常体质量组[（1．11±0．52）mmol／Lvs（0．71±0．25）mmol／L,P〈0．05;（2．44±0．54）mmol／L％（2．00±0．47）mmol／L,P〈0．05];超重组血清TG及LDL．C浓度高于正常体质量组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。3组血清TC浓度比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论恩平市城区学龄前儿童存在明显的血脂异常;应加强超重和肥胖儿童血脂检测,并进行综合干预。     

依折麦布改善PCI术后患者血脂代谢和预后的临床效果

目的 观察依折麦布联合阿托伐他汀对经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗术后患者血脂代谢和预后的临床效果。 方法 根据患者降脂治疗方案不同,将PCI术后患者随机分为依折麦布联合阿托伐他汀组（联合治疗组）和单用阿托伐他汀组（阿托伐他汀组）各90例,患者降脂治疗前后均行检测血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和血清高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平,比较两组患者TC、LDL-C和hs-CRP的变化,同时比较两组主要不良心脑血管事件（MACCE）发生情况。 结果 两组血清TC、LDL-C和hs-CRP均较治疗前显著降低,联合治疗组血清TC[（3.0±0.8）mmol/L vs.（4.2±0.9）mmol/L,P<0.05]、LDL-C[（2.0±0.8）mmol/L vs.（2.4±1.0）mmol/L,P<0.05]和hs-CRP[（2.6±5.0）mg/L vs.（3.7±4.5）mg/L,P<0.05]较阿托伐他汀组降低更显著（均P<0.05）。联合治疗组患者MACCE发生率显著低于阿托伐他汀组[7%vs.18%,P<0.05]。 结论 依折麦布联合阿托伐他汀可更好改善PCI术后患者的血清TC、LDL-C和hs-CRP水平,同时减少短期MACCE发生率,有较好的临床应用价值。     

普罗布考对高脂血症兔肝功能及胆汁酸受体表达的影响

目的观察普罗布考对高脂血症兔肝功能及肝脏胆汁酸受体(FXR)mRNA表达的影响。方法16只新西兰大白兔给予高脂饲料饲养8周后,随机分为:(1)高胆固醇组(n=8):继续饲以高脂饲料6周;(2)普罗布考组(n=8):在饲以高脂饲料的基础上给予1%普罗布考,共6周。正常饲料组(n=8):另选8只饲以普通饲料14周的兔为对照组。动态观察肝功能变化,实验结束后,采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法测定肝脏FXR mRNA的表达。结果①普罗布考治疗6周后,血清总胆固醇,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均明显下降;②普罗布考组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)(45.34±14.91)U/L及谷草转氨酶(AST)(49.68±15.84)U/L,较高胆固醇组[ALT(67.20±17.34)U/L,AST(81.36±22.97)U/L]均明显降低,P均<0.01;③与高胆固醇组比较,普罗布考组血清总胆汁酸(TBA)(46.11±18.58)mmol/L vs(56.34±20.67)mmol/L,总胆红素(T-BIL)均明显降低,为(3.04±1.06)mmol/L vs(5.34±1.38)mmol/L,P均<0.05;④肝脏FXR mRNA的表达明显增加,为0.86±0.05 vs 0.62±0.06,P=0.018。结论普罗布考具有护肝作用,其降低HDL-C可能与上调FXRmRNA的表达有关。     

肥胖蛋白、肥胖与血脂、血糖、内科疾病的关系

本文用特异性放免法测定60例病人血浆肥胖蛋白（OP）的含量，其均值低于对照组（158．08±8．58pg／ml比194．34±17．74pg／ml，P＜0．05）；肥胖症（BMI≥25）组低于非肥胖（BMI＜25）组（117．88±9．70pg／ml比201．13±6．36pg／ml，P＜0．001），OP与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）呈正相关（P＜0．001），与BMI、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、动脉粥样硬化指数（ASI）、血糖（BG）均呈负相关（P均＜0．001），BMI与HDL-C呈负相关（P＜0．01），与TC、TG、LDL-C、ASI、BG均呈正相关（P均＜0．001），OP水平较低者，其肥胖症、高血压、冠心病、脑血管病、糖尿病和高脂血症发病率高（P＜0．01～0．001）。提示肥胖患者OP缺乏，OP具有调节体内脂肪贮存量及代谢的激素样作用，肥胖促使心脑血管及代谢性疾病的发生与发展。     

Acute effects of marathon running on levels of serum lipoproteins and androgenic hormones in healthy males

The acute effects of marathon (42.2 km) running on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels, particularly high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions HDL2 and HDL3, and on levels of serum androgenic hormones, luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone were studied in 20 healthy non- champion -class joggers participating in the First North Karelian Heart Marathon. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were unchanged after the marathon, whereas the lipoprotein distribution of both lipids was significantly altered. Very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (VLDL-TG) and cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels decreased significantly, whereas low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (LDL-TG) but not cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were increased, suggesting an accumulation of VLDL remnants in the LDL density range. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) level rose significantly owing to an increase in HDL2-C. HDL3-C level remained the same. Serum levels of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II, the main apolipoprotein constituents of HDL, did not change during the marathon but their distribution between the HDL subfractions differed, indicating a conversion of HDL3 to HDL2. Serum levels of LH, testosterone, and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) all decreased during the marathon. The changes in levels of serum lipoproteins and androgenic hormones were not interrelated. We concluded that the short-term regulation of HDL levels during acute exhaustive exercise is controlled not by changes in serum androgenic hormones but by enhanced degradation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.