母婴血清胆红素对脂代谢的影响及意义

目的探讨妊娠母亲和新生儿血清胆红素对脂代谢的影响及意义.方法同时测定118组临产母亲、脐血、新生儿和42例对照组成人的血清总胆红素(Bil-T)、结合胆红素(Bil-D)和胆固醇(Chol)、甘油三酯(TG)、载脂蛋白A,(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)含量,将各组检测结果作显著性检验和相关分析.结果新生儿的血清Bil-T、Bil-D＞脐血＞临产母亲、成人对照组(P＜0.05).母亲的血清Chol、TG、ApoA1、ApoB含量＞成人对照组＞新生儿＞脐血(P＜0.05).临产母亲的血清Chol、TG、ApoA1、ApoB含量不受胆红素的影响(P＞0.05).新生儿的血清Chol、TG、ApoB含量与Bil-T、Bil-D的变化一致(P＜0.05);血清ApoA1含量与Bil-T、Bil-D的变化无关(P＞0.05).结论妊娠母亲血中胆红素含量正常,不影响血脂代谢;新生儿出生以后,血清胆红素含量在生理范围内增高,将对血脂代谢产生一定的影响,有利于改善体内存在的低脂血症.     

HIV/AIDS患者血脂代谢特征

目的 探究HIV感染/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)血脂水平变化特点。方法 纳入2021年5月至2021年12月于我院就诊的HIV/AIDS患者共400例,其中HIV感染组235例,机会性感染组165例。健康体检者97例。对3组之间血脂异常情况及血脂水平进行比较,分析血脂水平与CD4⁺T细胞及HIV病毒载量间的关系。结果 HIV感染组高总胆固醇(TC)率、高三酰甘油(TG)率、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)率均高于机会性感染组,机会性感染组低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)率高于HIV感染组。机会性感染组TC水平低于HIV感染组及健康对照组。HIV感染组TG水平高于机会性感染组,且两组均高于健康对照组。健康对照组HDL-C水平高于HIV感染组,且两组均高于机会性感染组。HIV感染组及健康对照组LDL-C水平高于机会性感染组。高CD4⁺T细胞组TC、HDL-C水平高于中CD4⁺T细胞组,且两组均高于低CD4⁺T细胞组。高CD4⁺T细胞组TG、LDL-C水平高于低CD4     

血糖、血脂水平与糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力损害的相关性研究

目的探讨血糖、血脂水平与糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力损害的相关性。方法选取2016年1月至2018年1月我院内分泌科收治的250例DR患者进行研究。根据视力分级标准分为三个组:盲组(n=28),低视力组(n=80),低视力以上组(n=142)。比较各组患者FPG、HbAlC、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB、ApoA1、ApoB/ApoA1水平,对FPG、HbA1C、LDL-C/HDL-C及ApoB/ApoA1与DR患者视力损害进行Pearman相关性分析和Logistic回归分析。结果三组患者的TC、TG差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与低视力以上组相比,盲组和低视力组FPG、HbAlC、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB、ApoB/ApoA1更高,HDL-C、ApoA1更低(P<0.05);盲组FPG、HbAlC、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB、ApoB/ApoAl显著高于低视力组,HDL-C、ApoA1显著低于低视力组(P<0. 05)。经Spearman相关性分析,FPG、HbAlC、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB/ApoA1比值与DR患者视力损害均呈正相关。经Logistic回归分析,FPG、HbAlC、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB/ApoA1均是DR患者视力损害的独立危险因素。结论 FPG、HbAlC、LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB/ApoA1与DR患者的视力损害有密切关系,通过监测这些指标有利于DR患者视力损害的预测,及时采取治疗措施。     

猕猴脑动脉硬化造型过程中血清脂质的变化

高脂高胆固醇喂养幼年(2—4岁)和成年(10—13岁)雄性猕猴16—17个月,并辅以服用甲基琉氧嘧啶。实验结果,发现第二个月的胆固醇水平超过250mg%,并持续到实验结束。低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇(LDL—C),伴随着总胆固醇升高而升高,甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇(HDL—C)变化不大。幼年和成年组之间无显著性差异。     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血脂水平测定

目的研究妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的血脂变化。方法选择正常孕妇4O例（对照组）,妊娠期糖尿病孕妇75例,测定空腹静脉血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、载脂蛋白A（ApoA）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、脂蛋白a（Lp（a））水平。结果妊娠期糖尿病组与对照组相比,TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB测定值升高（P〈0.05）,HDL-C、ApoA测定值降低（P〈0.05）,Lp（a）无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论血脂代谢异常可能在妊娠期糖尿病的发病中起一定作用。     

孕期膳食指导改善血脂代谢预防妊娠期糖尿病与 妊娠高血压疾病的研究

目的 研究孕期膳食指导改善血脂代谢预防妊娠期糖尿病与妊娠高血压疾病的临床效果。方法 选取2018年2月~2019年2月在我院建卡产检的早期妊娠伴有血脂指标异常增高者146例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各73例。对照组正常进食不予特殊膳食指导,观察组给予孕期膳食指导,比较两组孕妇干预后血脂水平、妊娠期高血压发生率、妊娠期血压水平以及母婴妊娠结局。结果 干预后观察组中孕期、晚孕期总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组妊娠期高血压发生率为6.84%,低于对照组的17.81%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组妊娠期舒张压（87.22±3.23）mmHg、收缩压（128.92±3.66）mmHg、空腹血糖（4.64±0.91）mmol/L、餐后2h血糖（6.16±1.06）mmol/L水平分别低于对照组的（90.46±3.42）mmHg、（133.02±4.01）mmHg、（4.98±0.94）mmol/L、（7.11±1.21）mmol/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组巨大儿发生率为1.36%,低于对照组的5.47%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组妊娠不良结局发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 孕期膳食指导可改善妊娠期孕妇血脂代谢,有效预防和降低妊娠期高血压和糖尿病的发生率,进一步有效确保母婴的健康。     

急性脑梗死患者血清非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平及其临床分析

目的 探讨血清非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)水平在急性脑梗死(ACI)患者中的临床意义.方法 收集ACI组96例,对照组98例,各组均测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(APOB),并计算出非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C).结果 ACI组non-HDL-C、APOB、TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显高于正常对照组,HDL-水平显著低于对照组,各组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),non-HDL-C与APOB、TC、TG、LDL-C呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关.结论 non-HDL-C可作为评价ACI危险程度的指标之一,应重视ACI和ACI高危人群血清non-HDL-C水平的检测.     

乙型肝炎病毒对载脂蛋白A1表达的影响及其机制探讨

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)对载脂蛋白A1( ApoA1)表达的影响及其调节机制.方法 RT-PCR和Western blot检测HepG2和HepG2.2.15中ApoA1 mRNA和蛋白的表达,全自动生化分析仪检测HBV患者和健康对照者ApoA1和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)血清学水平,SPSS13.0分析其统计学差异;将HBV感染性克隆pHBV1.3与ApoA1基因启动子共转染HepG2细胞,并测定荧光素酶的活性;RT-PCR和Western blot检测HepG2细胞转染pHBV1.3后ApoA1 mRNA和蛋白表达的变化.结果 HepG2.2.15细胞中ApoA1 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平较HepG2低;ApoA1和HDL-C在乙型肝炎感染者血清学水平明显低于健康对照组(P＜0.05);pHBV1.3在HepG2细胞中抑制ApoA1启动子活性、mRNA和蛋白表达.结论 HBV能够在体内外抑制ApoA1的表达.     

妊娠高血压综合征患者不同尿蛋白排泄状态下血浆蛋白和血脂代谢特点

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征（PIH）患者不同尿蛋白排泄状态下血浆蛋白和血脂代谢特点，了解血浆蛋白和血脂代谢紊乱与尿蛋白的关系。方法将125例PIH患者根据24h尿蛋白定量分成3组：轻度蛋白尿组30例，尿蛋白0．1～0．5g；中度蛋白尿组59例：尿蛋白0．5～4g；重度蛋白尿组36例：尿蛋白≥4g。同时选择无妊娠合并症的健康孕妇43例作为正常妊娠组。检测总蛋白（TP）、清蛋白（ALB）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL—C）。结果3组血浆蛋白和血脂水平与对照组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．01），且重度蛋白尿组血浆蛋白水平显著低于轻、中度蛋白尿组，而血脂水平显著高于轻、中度蛋白尿组。结论PIH患者随着蛋白尿程度不断加重低蛋白血症、高脂血症表现也越来越突出，应加强血浆蛋白和血脂监测，及早干预并纠正以保证母婴健康。     

Plasma lipid concentrations in professional cyclists after competitive cycle races

Summary Plasma lipid concentrations were measured in professional cyclists at the beginning of the training season and both before the start and at the end of two cycle races of similar length (800 and 900 km in 6 days). Plasma concentrations of triglyceride, total and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio were significantly lower and HDL-C concentrations significantly higher in cyclists compared to values in matched sedentary controls. At the end of the races, plasma concentrations of triglyceride and LDL-C were further reduced and HDL-C concentrations had increased compared to values at the start. At the end of the races, plasma concentrations of HDL-C were inversely correlated (r= – 0.28,n = 45,P < 0.05) with triglyceride plasma concentrations. Body fat content, assessed as the sum of skinfold thicknesses was slightly reduced at the end of the race compared to the starting values. There was no significant correlation between skinfold thickness and plasma concentrations of HDL-C. Total plasma fatty acid concentrations were reduced and nonesterified fatty acids concentrations were increased at the end of the race compared to resting values. Consequently, the plasma concentrations of esterified fatty acids were significantly reduced after the race and there was a redistribution of the nonesterified fatty acids. The relative amounts of single fatty acids in the total fatty acid pool remained, however, remarkably constant. In conclusion, the results presented suggested that physical exercise, performed at the level of professional cyclists in a race, was an independent modifier of plasma lipid concentrations.     

血红素加氧酶-2在妊娠高血压综合征发病中的作用研究

目的探讨血红素加氧酶-2与妊娠高血压综合征发病机理的关系.方法应用ABC免疫组化染色法检测42例妊高征和14例正常妊娠孕妇胎盘组织中HO-2的表达,通过高清晰彩色病理图文分析系统对其定量分析.结果 HO-2在正常妊娠胎盘的合体滋养层细胞及绒毛细胞内皮细胞中均有表达.中、重度妊高征胎盘组织中HO-2的表达明显低于正常组(P<0.01).结论胎盘组织中HO-2表达水平降低可能参与了妊高征的发病过程.     

孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与妊娠高血压综合征的关系

目的 探讨孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量（fetal nucleated red blood cells，FNRBC）数与妊娠高血压综合征的关系。方法 对128名孕龄32～42周，年龄24～35岁的孕妇外周血进行单密度梯度离心，对分离后的细胞进行制片、染色，显微镜下进行FNRBC计数，比较组间差异。结果 38名正常妊娠组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（6．4667±2．5141）个／5ml，36名轻度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（9．5300±2．3286）个／5ml，28名中度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（13．7100±4．0286）个／5ml，26名重度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（31．5000±9．4086）个／5ml。四组间比较P值均小于0．05。结论 妊高征组孕妇外周血FNRBC数目明显升高，为妊高征的临床预测和评估提供了一条新思路。     

Sex Differences in Lipid, Lipoprotein, Cardiovascular, and Neuroendocrine Responses to Acute Stress

This study had two objectives: (a) to examine whether or not lipids and lipoproteins change in response to acute behavioral stress in young adults; and (b) to test the extent of sex differences in the magnitude of the lipid, lipoprotein, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular changes during stress. Nineteen women and 22 men participated in a serial subtraction task, a videotaped speech task, and a self-evaluation task. The cholesterol portions of low density and high density lipoproteins, triglycerides, free fatty acids, epinephrine, norepinephrine, heart rate, and blood pressure were examined at rest and during each stressor. Repeated measures analyses of variance indicated that stress-related levels of low density and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, norepinephrine, heart rate, and blood pressure were elevated, relative to baseline, and that these responses were partially task or order dependent. Subsequent analyses of sex differences showed that males had larger low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and blood pressure increases during all tasks, relative to those of females, and females had larger heart rate responses to the speech task, relative to those of males. There were no sex differences in plasma catecholamine adjustments. These data demonstrate that the cholesterol fractions of high and low density lipoproteins increase during acute psychological stress, and are the first to systematically examine male/female differences in those stress responses.     

多普勒超声心动图评价妊娠期妇女的左室血液动力学变化

多普勒超声心动图评价妊娠期妇女的左室血液动力学变化解放军２０８医院优生优育中心（长春，１３００６２）孙欣，钟湘华，黄春林解放军２０８医院特诊科王冬青，贾小青，阮红在怀孕期间，母体致心血管系统会发生独特的生理性变化。这方面的研究，先前的学者已有很多报道...     

sICAM-1在妊娠期高血压疾病患者的变化和临床意义

目的探讨可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)在妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)患者血浆中的变化及其临床意义。方法研究对象包括33例妊娠期高血压疾病患者(其中子痫前期13例、妊娠期高血压20例),20例正常妊娠妇女(均为孕32-35周)和25例正常未孕妇女,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定各组研究对象血浆中的sICAM-1水平。结果 sIACM-1未孕组443.68±235.17ng/ml,正常妊娠组664.67±287.33 ng/ml,两者性比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与正常妊娠组比较,妊娠期高血压组1145.46±326.67 ng/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);子痫前期组1402.89±354.67 ng/ml,明显高于正常妊娠组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);与妊娠高血压组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论外周血中sICAM-1水平变化与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)密切相关,随着病情加重sICAM-1值明显升高,提示sICAM-1水平上调与妊娠期高血压疾病的发生有关。     

Morphological study in Hyrtl's anastomosis of umbilical arteries in pregnancy-induced hypertension

Introduction: The anatomic structure of Hyrtl's anastomosis is of a large variability. The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence and types of the anastomoses in the umbilical arteries of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Anastomosis between the two umbilical arteries has been described earlier but no comparative morphology between the normotensive and pregnancy-induced hypertension has been carried out. Method: A routine dissection method has been performed to demonstrate the occurrence of the anastomosis. Result: In an attempt to verify the presence and type of Hyrtl anastomosis, 34 transverse type and 22 oblique were more common. A significant difference was observed between the normotensive and pregnancy-induced hypertension cases, whereas the transverse type of anastomosis was mostly observed in pregnancy-induced hypertension.     

NT—proBNP在妊娠高血压心功能评估中的价值

目的探讨N-端脑利钠肽前体（NT—proBNP）在妊娠高血压疾病（PIH）心功能评估中的价值。方法将102例PIH孕妇分为妊娠高血压组37例,轻度子痫前期组33例,重度子痫前期组32例,另外选取正常妊娠组32例及正常未孕育龄妇女32例作为对照组,采用电化学发光法测定患者血清NT—proBNP浓度。结果PIH组、正常妊娠组和对照组的NT—proBNP水平分别为（300．52±134．44）、（83．42±26．26）和（59-83±12．89）pg／ml,三者间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。重度子痫前期组、轻度子痫前期组、妊娠高血压组的NT-proBNP水平分别为（488．56±155．54）、（323．39±148．90）和（185．73±43．78）pg／ml,三者间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。NT—proBNP与孕妇体重指数（BMI）呈正相关（r=0．602）,与新生儿体重呈负相关（r=-0．279）。结论孕后NT-proBNP有所升高,而且是能够用于评估PIH孕妇心功能的敏感指标之一。