生物反馈放松训练对2型糖尿病患者T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的：了解生物反馈放松训练对2型糖尿病患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群比例的影响。方法：59例2型糖尿病（NIDDM）患者随机分为对照和实验两组，对照组（32例）仅用常规糖尿病药物治疗，实验组（27例）加用生物反馈放松训练，两组在治疗前作状态－特质焦虑评定，治疗1个月后再次评定状态焦虑；所有入组者在治疗前、治疗1个月时分别测定外周血的T淋巴细胞亚群。结果：治疗前、后两组的T淋巴细胞亚群比例无明显差异。实验组治疗后状态焦虑明显下降，对照组下降不明显；治疗后CD3＋比例的变化程度与治疗后的状态焦虑呈负相关，CD4 、CD4＋／CD8＋比例的变化程度与特质焦虑呈正相关；状态焦虑的下降程度与放松程度呈正相关。结论：生物反馈放松训练能减轻焦虑情绪，焦虑情绪与机体细胞免疫功能有一定的联系。     

放松训练对2型糖尿病患者淋巴细胞因子的影响

目的：了解放松训练对2型糖尿病患者细胞因子水平的影响。方法：将59例2型糖尿病患者随机分配人实验组（27例）和对照组（32例）。实验组除常规糖尿病药物治疗外辅以生物反馈放松训练;对照组仅用常规糖尿病药物治疗,两组在治疗前作状态-特质焦虑评定,治疗1个月后再次评定状态焦虑;两组在治疗前、治疗后1个月时分别测定血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TFN-α）水平。结果：治疗前、后两组血清的IL-6、TFN-α水平无明显差异;实验组治疗后状态焦虑明显下降,对照组下降不明显;状态焦虑的下降程度与放松程度呈正相关,TFN-α浓度与状态焦虑呈正相关,治疗后TNF-α的变化程度与放松程度呈负相关。结论：生物反馈放松训练能减轻焦虑情绪;生物反馈放松训练能否影响2型糖尿病患者的淋巴细胞因子水平尚不能确定。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的干预研究

目的：探讨糖尿病教育对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的治疗性干预效果。方法：随机选择观察组３０例Ⅱ型糖尿病病人，除常规药物治疗外辅以糖尿教育４周；对照组２８例，仅常规药物治疗，测两组治疗前后血糖及糖化血红蛋白ＨｂＡＩＣ。结果：两组治疗后空腹血糖、餐后２小时血糖，平均血糖及ＨｂＡＩＣ均有下降，但干预线下降幅度大于对照组，并且日血糖波动范围明显减少，对照组血糖波动在治疗前后无明显变化。结论：糖尿病教育对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者     

糖尿病教育对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者抑郁症状的影响

目的：了解Ⅱ型糖尿病患者抑郁情况并探讨糖尿病教育及心理干预等对抑郁症状的影响。方法：应用ＳＤＳ抑郁自评量表及ＨＡＭＤ抑郁量地６０例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行测评,同时与３０例正常人群对照。６０例Ⅱ型糖尿患者经三个月糖尿病教育及心理干预后再生测评。结果：糖尿病组ＳＤＳ与ＨＲＳＤ量表测评,抑郁情况明显高于正常人群组。经糖经病教育、心理干预等后,抑郁症状可明显改善且糖代谢控制更好。结论：糖尿病患者抑郁症状,糖尿     

小组治疗对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者心理状况和糖代谢的影响

目的 探讨小组治疗方法 对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者心理状况及糖代谢的影响.方法 将67名Ⅱ型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组(n=34)和对照组(n=33).对照组采用降糖药物治疗,实验组在药物治疗的基础上进行小组治疗.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于干预前和干预后第12周末评定两组患者情绪变化,同时进行空服血糖(FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(2HPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、血脂(TC、TG、HDL-C)的实验室检查.结果 实验组干预后焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分明显低于对照组,差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).实验组干预后HbAlc、TG低于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论 小组治疗对改善糖尿病患者的心理状况和糖代谢指标有积极作用.     

消渴汤方剂对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠GLP-1分泌的影响

目的　探讨消渴汤方剂对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠类胰高血糖素肽 1(GLP 1)水平和血糖分泌的影响, 为Ⅱ型糖尿病的治疗提供新的思路。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)方法测定正常组、Ⅱ型糖尿病模型组 和口服消渴汤大鼠组血浆GLP 1和血糖水平。结果　Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠血糖水平明显高于正常大鼠,口服消渴 汤大鼠GLP 1水平明显高于Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠、血糖水平低于Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠,对正常组大鼠无影响。结论　 消渴汤使Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠GLP 1水平升高、血糖水平降低。     

I—Ⅱ期原发性高血压患者的生物反馈与放松训练疗效观察

本文对３９例Ｉ－Ⅱ期原发性高血压病人进行了生物反馈和放松训练疗效对比观察，结果表明：生物反馈组收缩压及舒张压治疗前后两者间差异均有显著性；放松训练组仅收缩压治疗前后两者间差异有著作性，而舒张压治疗前后无统计学意义。     

Ⅰ－Ⅱ期原发性高血压患者的生物反馈与放松训练疗效观察

本文对３９例Ⅰ－Ⅲ期原发性高血压病人进行了生物反馈和放松训练疗效对比观察，结果表明：生物反馈组收缩压及舒张压治疗前后两者间差异均有显著性；放松训练组仅收缩压治疗前后两者间差异有著作性，而舒张压治疗前后无统计学意义。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者认知功能的初步研究

目的：通过心理测查和单光子发射型计算机断层显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ）等手段，了解Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的认知功能水平及相关因素。方法：４０至６０岁，性别、文化程度、职业相匹配的ＮＩＤＤＭ患者对照组各３０名，排除可能影响认知功能的各种神经和精神疾病、内分泌疾病、药物和酒精滥用者，糖尿病人需排除曾有严重低血糖发作和酮症酸中毒者。做韦氏记忆量表、连线测验和威斯生卡片分类测验，测查人格和情绪状况，并为志愿者作脑血流灌注显     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者情绪职能的影响因素研究

目的探讨临床Ⅱ型糖尿病患者情绪职能的影响因素,为提高该人群心理健康水平提供指导和建议。方法自拟糖尿病健康状况调查表对某医院内分泌科就诊的246例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行调查,并采用健康测量量表(SF-36)中情绪职能维度进行健康评价。结果单因素筛查分析发现医疗保险(t=3.896,P=0.001)、家庭关怀(t=2.021,P=0.041)、舒张压(t=2.011,P=0.046)、下肢血流(t=2.545,P=0.012)、脑血流(t=2.421,P=0.017)、周围神经病变(t=2.819,P=0.006)与型糖尿病患者的情绪职能有关;继而多元回归分析表明,影响情绪职能的主要因素为医疗保险、脑血流、周围神经病变。结论无医疗保险、脑血流障碍、周围神经病变的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者情感职能差。     

Training and Transfer of Training Effects in EMG Biofeedback Assisted Muscular Relaxation

Twenty-two normal adults participated in an electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback experiment designed to test if the feedback stimulus is necessary in obtaining EMG reductions during typical laboratory procedures, and if prior training on one muscle facilitates the training of a second muscle. One group of subjects received forearm feedback training followed by frontalis training. A second group received training in the reverse order. Two control groups relaxed first on their own followed by either forearm or frontalis training. Attention was directed toward motivating control subjects to perform maximally during relaxation without feedback. Heart and respiration rates and skin conductance and temperature were also recorded. Both trained and untrained subjects produced significant EMG reductions but did not differ from each other; nor did a transfer of training effect emerge. No differences resulted between feedback and non-feedback conditions for the other physiological measures or for changes in state anxiety. These data compromise somewhat the previous demonstrations of EMG biofeedback “learning,” and are unsupportive of EMG biofeedback as a general relaxation training technique.     

A Comparison of Auditory and Visual Feedback in Biofeedback Assisted Muscular Relaxation Training

This study compared the efficacy of auditory and visual feedback in electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback assisted relaxation training of the frontalis muscle.Twenty-eight subjects, divided into 4 groups matched on baseline frontalis EMG levels and trait anxiety, received 7 training sessions each under one of the following conditions: (1) auditory feedback-eyes closed; (2) auditory feedback-eyes open; (3) visual feedback; or (4) no feedback-eyes closed. The group who received auditory feedback with the eyes closed manifested significant lowering of EMG over session compared to no significant reduction in EMG for the other three groups. EMG changes failed to correlate significantly with changes in self reports of subjective relaxation derived from pre-to-post session state anxiety test data. The possibility that the ineffectiveness of visual feedback in this study may be specific to the frontalis muscle was discussed and the need for further research in several areas was stressed.     

生物反馈放松疗法对冠心病疗效的临床研究

目的 探讨生物反馈放松训练对冠心病患者疗效、焦虑及抑郁情绪的影响.方法 将100例住院冠心病患者随机分为干预组和对照组各50例,对照组进行常规心内科治疗,干预组在常规治疗基础上实施为期8周的生物反馈放松训练.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)对两组受试者分别于入组及随访结束时进行评估.结果 ①随访结束时干预组的焦虑量表评分显著低于治疗前(t=13.272,P＜0.001)及对照组(t=10.912,P＜0.05);②干预组的抑郁量表评分显著低于治疗前(t=11.343,P＜0.001)及对照组(t=6.920,P＜0.05);③干预组的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数显著低于治疗前(t=7.900,P＜0.05)及对照组(t=6.080,P＜0.05);④干预组临床疗效显著高于对照组(x2=13.272,P＜0.05).结论 生物反馈放松训练有助于减轻冠心病患者焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善睡眠,提高临床疗效.     

益生元对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响

目的 探讨益生元对2型糖尿病患者血糖血脂代谢的影响,分析益生元在糖尿病进程中的作用。方法 选取2017年1月~2018年3月本院104例2型糖尿病患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组,每组52例,对照组给予安慰剂,实验组服用益生元,12周后再次检测血液中的血糖血脂生化指标,统计分析服用前后生化指标的变化。结果 实验组服用12周益生元后,患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白水平低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义 (P＜0.05)。治疗后实验组糖脂生化指标中空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白浓度水平均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义 (P＜0.05);治疗后两组餐后2 h血糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白对比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 补充益生元有助于降低2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白浓度水平,对2型糖尿病患者的血糖及血脂可能具有积极的作用。     

Effect of EMG Biofeedback and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training on Awareness of Frontalis Muscle Tension

Awareness of muscle tension, as estimated by a modification of the Kinsman et al. (1975) procedure for determining probability of correct estimation (P(c)) of absolute differences in muscle tension between adjacent trials, was examined before and after volunteer subjects underwent 4 sessions of either: 1) EMG biofeedback (BF) training, 2) progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) training, or 3) a placebo-control (MC) procedure which involved listening to music as an alleged guide for relaxation. The subjects were 30 females (mean age = 28.3 yrs) responding to an offering of experimental treatment for anxiety and tension. Measurements of frontalis muscle tension (EMG) and P(c) were made before and after training. The results showed that EMG was significantly reduced by BF and PMR training but not by the MC procedure. Increases in P(c) after training were significantly greater for BF than for PMR or MC training. There were no group differences for subjective report of tension. Correlations between pre- to post-training EMG and P(c) change scores were significant only for the BF group and the combined group of BF and PMR subjects. These results suggest that: 1) both BF and PMR training were effective in producing frontalis EMG reductions, 2) the following relationship may exist among training groups in terms of relative influence upon awareness of tension—BF training > PMR training > MC training, and 3) awareness of tension appears to be related to the ability to reduce EMG although the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear.     

Relaxation Training and Biofeedback in the Reduction of Reducation Muscle Tension

To assess the comparative effectiveness of frontalis electromygraphic (E M G) biofeedback and relaxation instructions in reducing frontalis EMG levels, 101 male and female university students were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: 1) frontalis EMG biofeedback (variable frequency auditory feedback). 2) passive relaxation instruct inns (instructions to attend to and relax mustiest. 3) active relaxation instructions tensing and relaxing exercises), 4) false feedback, and 5l no treatment control. In a one-session design, subjects receiving biofeedback and passive relaxation instructions demonstrated the greatest decrement in frontalis EMG level. The relationships between decrements in frontalis EMG level and sex, baseline EMG and manifest anxiety are discussed.     

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Biofeedback and Relaxation Training on Hand Warming

Finger pulse volume (FPV) biofeedback, relaxation training (RT), and finger temperature (FT) biofeedback were compared for their effectiveness in the alteration of hand temperature (HT). It was hypothesized that the use of FPV, a more direct measure of peripheral blood flow, should be more effective in producing hand warming than the demonstrably latent FT or the less direct RT manipulation. No significant difference in HT alteration was found between the two biofeedback training groups and neither the finger temperature nor finger pulse volume biofeedback groups were more successful than the relaxation training group in the alteration of HT. No significant differences were found in the alteration of FPV among the three groups. A major finding of this study indicates that all groups produced a significant inverted U training function across trials for both FT and FPV. In all cases, rapid learning was demonstrated in the early trials followed by a decline toward baseline in the later trials. These findings are discussed in terms of the role of strategy formation, frustration, saturation, and the limitations of the physiological learning process.     

葛根芩连汤对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢指标及 体重的影响

目的 探究葛根芩连汤对对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢指标及体重的影响。方法 选取2017年1月~2019年1月我院收治的2型糖尿病患者60例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组给予口服盐酸二甲双胍片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合葛根芩连汤治疗。对比两组治疗前后糖脂代谢指标、体重变化及不良反应发生率。结果 治疗后观察组FPG（6.21±0.74）mmol/L、HbAlc（6.23±0.45）%、TC（3.75±0.52）mmol/L、TG（1.76±0.35）mmol/L、LDL-C（3.03±0.44）mmol/L及BMI指数（24.13±1.82）kg/m2,分别低于对照组的（7.26±0.83）mmol/L、（7.49±0.58）%、（4.88±0.56）mmol/L、（2.62±0.41）mmol/L、（3.69±0.48）mmol/L、（26.56±1.71）kg/m2,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组HDL-C（1.55±0.20）mmol/L,高于对照组的（1.36±0.15）mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为6.67%,低于对照组的16.67%,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 葛根芩连汤治疗有助于更好的改善糖脂代谢各指标水平,控制患者体重,且药物安全性高,利于预后恢复。     

Continuous Biofeedback and Discrete Posttrial Verbal Feedback in Frontalis Muscle Relaxation Training

During training to relax the frontalis muscle, continuous biofeedback (BF) was compared to discrete verbal feedback (VF) delivered immediately after each trial. Both feedback modalities were based on frontalis electromyographic (EMG) activity. Training consisted of 3 consecutive daily session-each comprised of 3 baseline (nonfeedback) trials followed by 10 training trials of 128 see. The presence or absence of the two informationally positive feedback modalities were combined factorially to define four training conditions: BF + VF, NO BF + VF, BF + NO VF, and NO BF + NO VF. Results indicated that while VF alone facilitated muscle relaxation, BF was clearly prepotent ill effecting consistent decreases in EMG activity both across trials and days of training. Additionally, the facilitating effect of BF transferred to nonfeedback trials while VF did not affect performance on nonfeedback trials. Finally, accuracy of self-evaluations of performance on a trial by trial basis was markedly improved by BF, while VF improved accuracy only for trials having a very large absolute difference between levels of EMG activity. Ss receiving no feedback neither reduced muscle tension during training not were able to evaluate their performance accurately even when large absolute differences occurred between trials in frontalis EMG activity.