有瘘型慢性根尖周炎一次程根管治疗疗效观察

目的　探讨有瘘型根尖周病的一次程根管治疗方法。方法　采用脉冲 Nd- YAG激光对 10 2例 10 2个患牙进行一次程治疗 ,分别对根管壁进行汽化处理 ,立即永久性根管充填 ,结果痊愈率为 92 .16 % ,有效率为10 0 % ,经两年随访 ,均无复发。结论　脉冲 Nd- YAG激光用于一次程根管治疗 ,具有安全可行、省时、操作方便 ,成功率高的特点。     

口腔颌面外科死亡病例疾病谱及死因分析

对我科１９７７～１９９７年２０年住院死亡病例疾病谱及死因分析，结果：（１）死亡病例疾病谱由感染、恶性肿瘤和外伤构成，其中感染占５０．０％，恶性肿瘤占３５．７％、外伤占１４．３％；（２）疾病谱构成比呈动态变化：前１０年中感染占６０．０％、恶性肿瘤占２０．０％、外伤占２０．０％，而近１０年中感染降至１１．２％、恶性肿瘤上升至６６．６％、外伤上升至２２．２％；（３）死亡原因包括感染性休克（２８．５％）、脓毒血症并肺脓疡致呼吸衰竭（７．１％）、肿瘤恶病质的全身性衰竭（２１．４％）、全麻术后窒息（１４．４％）、化疗致肾功能衰竭（７．１％）、外伤致脑水肿（１４．４％）及全麻术后诱发心源性猝死（７．１％），其中属医源性致死高达２８．５％。     

生物活性玻璃微粒修复髓室底穿孔的临床观察

目的观察生物活性玻璃微粒(Bioglass)修复髓室底穿孔的临床疗效.方法选择髓室底穿孔病例75例,患牙86个,随机分为两组,试验组采用生物活性玻璃微粒,对照组采用光固化玻璃离子修复.1年后观察临床效果.结果试验组成功率81.3%,进步13.9%,对照组成功率46.5%,进步23.3%,两组间有显著性差异(P<0.05).其疗效与穿孔直径密切相关,与穿孔原因关系不明显.结论生物活性玻璃微粒是一种良好的髓室底穿孔的修复材料.     

Why covariance analysis should replace increment analysis of variance in caries studies

Abstract Consider a caries study where experimental units are a) randomly assigned lo groups, b) premeasured on DMFS, c) administered a specified treatment depending on group membership, and d) postmeasured on DMFS. Traditional analysis of these data consists of analysis of variance of the increment scores (increment ANOVA). In place of increment ANOVA, others have suggested analysis of covariance with the postmeasure as criterion and the premeasure as covariate (ANOCOV). The present paper examines and documents the following: 1) Increment ANOVA and ANOCOV test the same null hypothesis. 2) Increment ANOVA and ANOCOV have exactly the same assumptions. 3) Increment ANOVA is usually less precise than ANOCOV. 4) The same concern for violations of assumptions must be expressed with increment ANOVA as with ANOCOV (see No. 2 above). 5) ANOCOV should replace increment ANOVA in caries studies (see points 1-4).     

口腔材料学本科教学效果的分析与探讨

目的 探讨不同学制和不同生源的口腔医学生对于口腔材料学的教学效果差异，并据此分析探讨口腔医学本科教育中存在的潜在问题和优化路径。方法 选取上海交通大学口腔医学院2019级口腔医学专业学生为研究对象，依据学制将学生分为“五年制”组，“八年制”组和“留学生”组，对3组学生的口腔材料学的考试成绩（分数情况，优秀、良好、合格和不及格比例）进行比较和分析，探讨口腔材料学本科教学的效果与潜在问题。结果 五年制组学生的成绩为（85.00±12.47）分，优秀率为53%，不及格率为5%；八年制组学生的成绩为（83.96±15.81）分，优秀率为54%，不及格率为8%；留学生组学生的成绩为（68.64±7.78）分，优秀率为18%，不及格率为18%；其中，五年制组和八年制组的成绩差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），而留学生组的成绩明显低于五年制组和八年制组，且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 针对留学生学制生源的口腔材料学的本科教学效果弱于同等教学条件下的五年制本科和八年制博士学制生源，后续可通过教学发展路径优化以期全面提升不同学制生源的口腔材料学本科教学效果。     

Non-surgical management of stage 3 biphosphonate-related oroantral fistula

We describe the case of a patient with an oroantral fistula that healed successfully after conservative treatment.     

面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌皮瓣修复口底癌术后缺损

目的评价面动脉一颏下动脉岛状肌皮瓣同期修复日底癌术后缺损的临床应用效果。方法对9例口底癌患者行口底癌根治术,同期采用面动脉一颏下动脉岛状肌皮瓣修复重建口底组织缺损。4例患者为TINOMO,5例患者T2NOM0。皮瓣最小4．0cm×10．0cm．最大5．5cm×11．0cm。结果8例皮瓣完全成活;1例皮瓣小部分坏死,经过坏死组织切除及抗炎治疗,二期愈合。随访6—25个月。所有病例语言及吞咽功能恢复良好,面部外形满意。结论面动脉一颏。卜动脉岛状肌皮瓣适合同期修复中小型口底组织缺损。     

Application of the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) in a group of 45–54-year-old German factory workers

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to assess the periodontal status of 45–54-year-old patients and to evaluate their treatment needs. Probing depths, bleeding on probing and retentional elements (calculus and overhanging restorations) were determined according to the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). Additionally, loss of attachment was measured, Results indicated that none of the subjects had a completely healthy periodontium; only 14.7% presented with single sextants which were healthy or needed only improved oral hygiene. Slightly less than half (46.1%) of the subjects were classified as treatment need (TN) category 2 and the remainder (53.9%) as TN3. Of the subjects classed as TN category 3, 14% had the requisite code 4 in one sextant, 18.2% in 2 sextants. 21.7% in half or more of the sextants and 4.2% in all sextants. With a mean of 5.55 sextants per patient. 0.2 sextants per person were scored as code 0 or 1, 1.33 sextants as code 2, 2.79 sextants as code 3 and 1.24 sextants as code 4. The mean loss of attachment was 3.8 mm. Anterior teeth showed less loss of attachment than posterior teeth and buccal and lingual surfaces showed less loss of attachment than mesial and distal surfaces. The data indicate that although this group of 45–54-year-old subjects had high CPITN scores in total TN categories, the codes for complex Treatment Needs (TN3) were recorded only in localized areas.     

Influence of specimen diameter on the relationship between subsurface depth and hardness of a light-cured resin composite

In pilot studies of the relationship between subsurface depth and hardness of a light-cured resin composite, it was found that the resin composite was softer at a depth of 0.5 mm than at, for example, a depth of 1.0 mm. It is possible that the increase in hardness at intermediate subsurface depths compared with the hardness at small depths is due to the heat of polymerization, causing a greater increase in temperature at intermediate depths than at small depths. As the temperature rise increases with volume of the test specimen, it was hypothesized that the increase in hardness would increase with the diameter of the irradiated specimen. The hardness of a resin composite was measured as a function of subsurface depth for cylindrical specimens of 3, 4, and 6 mm diameter. It was found that the resin composite was softer at 0.5 mm than at 1.0-1.5 mm depth independent of specimen diameter. Possible explanations are oxygen inhibition of polymerization and high rate of cure of material at small subsurface depth. It was also found that, corresponding with increasing specimen diameters, the specimens became significantly softer at depths of 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4.0 mm, respectively. The heat production and reflection of light from the walls of the molds may explain the latter, but not the former finding.     

Quality of life in older people with oral cancer

There is a growing elderly population presenting with, and surviving, oral cancer. Making decisions about treatment is complex, and is influenced in part by prognosis and expected outcomes for health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We used the University of Washington Head and Neck Quality of Life scale (UWQoL) to compare HRQoL in patients by age group at a time closest to one year after primary surgery. Survival was analysed using data from the Office for National Statistics. A consecutive series of 1091 patients treated curatively for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at the regional maxillofacial unit at Aintree University Hospital between 1992 and 2009 were included in the main analysis. UWQoL data for 638 patients were available from about one year after treatment. Older patients (65 years or over) reported better physical and emotional function notably in regard to appearance, speech, saliva (75 years and over), pain, shoulder, mood, and anxiety than younger patients with head and neck cancer treated by operation. In conclusion, older patients seem to cope and adjust well to treatment and this is reflected in their HRQoL scores, which are higher in many domains than those of younger patients with head and neck cancer.     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。     

牙拔除术新理念

随着微创拔牙器械和手术技巧的研究及应用,牙拔除术相关理念亦在不断更新。文章将从阻生牙分类、拔牙窝搔刮、牙槽骨复位、拔牙创管理4个方面论述牙拔除术相关新理念,以期为临床工作提供参考。     

Heat of formation of the surface and the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation

The expression for the heat of formation of the surface of the ideally polarized electrode in the form $\text{Q}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>surf</mtext>}}\text{=(}\text{Γ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>S</mtext>}}\text{?∑}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{S}\text{?}\text{?}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{Γ}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{)T}$ derived by author, is in close agreement with the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation for the isothermal temperature coefficient of the emf of the electrochemical cell. In the expression above, Γ_S is the surface excess of the particles of the sort i, $\text{S}\text{?}\text{?}{}_{\mathrm{i}}$ is the transported entropy of the particles of the sort i, instead of the partial entropy of those particles S?_i, T is the absolute temperature, the summation is carried out over all particles present in the surface layer.     

两种阻萌器设计的临床应用研究

目的：比较传统带环丝圈式阻萌器和改良带环丝圈式间隙保持器在恒牙早萌病例的临床应用效果。方法选择40例6.5～8.5岁乳磨牙早失伴后继恒牙早萌的患儿,分别采用传统带环丝圈式阻萌器（传统组）和改良带环丝圈式间隙保持器（改良组）治疗,定期复诊观察至早萌恒牙牙根发育1/2以上,拆除矫治器,分别从患儿对阻萌器的制作、间隙保持情况、早萌牙健康状况等方面进行对比研究,并对测量数据进行统计学分析。结果两组在间隙维持和阻萌效果方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05）,传统组患儿的早萌牙面龋发生率明显高于改良组(P<0.05）。结论改良带环丝圈式间隙保持器在恒牙早萌矫治中有效,且有利于龋病预防。     

疾病预后的评价及统计学处理

近年来，随着医学的发展，各种新的治疗手段与措施不断用于临床．有关疾病预后的研究越来越受到学者们的重视，但如何客观地选择评价指标与进行统计学处理仍然是一个值得关注的问题。本文主要从目前常用的预后评价指标与应用、影响疾病预后的因素、预后研究的设计与统计学处理等方面进行概述，简要探讨了预后研究中产生偏倚的主要原因，并提出了在预后评价研究时应当引起重视的几个问题。