软肝冲剂对免疫性肝纤维化TGFβ1mRNA表达的影响

目的 :本文研究软肝冲剂对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠TGFβlmRNA表达的影响 ,从分子水平探讨软肝冲剂促进肝细胞再生、阻止肝纤维化、肝硬化形成的作用机理。方法 :采用Northernblot方法检测免疫性肝纤维化大鼠TGFβlmRNA表达。结果 :Northernblot杂交显示 ,实验第 4 5、90天 ,模型组、中药各组和西药秋水仙碱组大鼠肝脏TGFβlmRNA表达均较正常组增强 (P <0 0 1)。但中药各组和西药秋水仙碱组TGFβlmRNA表达水平均低于模型组(P <0 0 1)。其中中药高剂量组TGFβlmRNA表达水平均低于中药低剂量组和西药秋水仙碱组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :软肝冲剂能调节免疫性肝纤维化大鼠TGFβlmRNA表达 ,促进肝细胞再生 ,抑制肝纤维化、肝硬化的形成。     

非酒精性脂肪肝炎脂质过氧化对前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝炎(NASH)形成过程中脂质过氧化对前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA表达的影响.方法通过高脂饮食制备大鼠高脂血症性脂肪肝模型,并在第20、22周分批处死,采用半定量RT-PCR检测肝组织前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA的表达,测定血清和肝组织丙二酰二醛(MDA)含量,并行肝组织学改变的观察.结果模型组肝组织出现明显脂肪变性和炎症坏死并伴有程度不同的纤维化,在第22周肝组织前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA表达模型组明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05).血清和肝脏MDA含量,模型组也显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05).在第22周血清和肝脏中MDA含量与肝组织前胶原ⅠmRNA表达呈正相关(r=0.68,P<0.01;r=0.66,P<0.01),与前胶原Ⅲ mRNA无相关性.结论NASH肝纤维化程度与前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA表达增强相一致;脂质过氧化反应可能对前胶原Ⅰ表达起重要作用.     

川芎嗪对哮喘大鼠气道壁平滑肌增殖及TGF-β1表达的影响

目的观察川芎嗪对哮喘大鼠气道壁平滑肌增殖及转化生长因子(TGF-β1)表达的影响.方法32只SD大鼠均分为正常对照组、以卵蛋白致敏制备的哮喘模型组以及给予不同剂量川芎嗪进行干预的小剂量、大剂量川芎嗪干预组共4组,采用免疫组织化学和计算机图像分析方法测定各组大鼠气道壁TGF-β1含量、平滑肌层厚度及内外径.结果模型组气道壁TGF-β1含量和平滑肌层厚度较正常组均显著增加(均为P<0.001),气道内外径比值较正常组减小(P<0.001).两种剂量川芎嗪干预组平滑肌层厚度均较模型组变薄(均为P<0.001),TGF-β1含量均较模型组减低(均为P<0.001),气道内外径比值均高于模型组(均为P<0.001),两种剂量川芎嗪干预组间平滑肌厚度无差别(P>0.05),大剂量组对TGF-β1表达抑制较小剂量组强(P<0.01).气道壁平滑肌层厚度与TGF-β1表达呈正相关(rs=0.5878,P<0.01).结论川芎嗪能减轻哮喘大鼠气道壁平滑肌层的增厚并抑制TGF-β1表达.     

蝎毒抗癌多肽对CNE-2Z细胞生长周期移行和p53表达的影响

目的观察蝎毒抗癌多肽(APBMV)对CNE-2Z细胞生长周期和p53表达的影响.方法采用流式细胞仪双标法.结果APBMV处理CNE-2Z细胞48h后,进入S期的细胞明显减少,处于G1期和G2期的细胞明显增多,APBMV16mg/L处理CNE-2Z细胞48h后,G1期、S期和G2期细胞的百分比分别为59.7%、32.3%和7.9%,空白对照组的百分比分别为53.3%、45.2%和1.5%,二者比较差异有显著性(P<0.01或P<0.001).空白对照组CNE-2Z细胞P53蛋白24h和48h表达量处于较高水平(27.23±0.93)和(31.67±1.75),经APBMV处理24h或48h后,P53蛋白表达量明显下降,与空白对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论APBMV能够阻止CNE-2Z细胞周期的移行,并抑制抑癌基因p53的表达.     

化浊降逆法对胃溃疡大鼠胃组织形态及血清NO血浆ETPAF含量的影响

目的探讨运用化浊降逆法治疗胃溃疡的作用机理.方法 用冰醋酸制备大鼠慢性胃溃疡模型,并对造膜大鼠胃痛宁小剂量组、大剂量组、胃乐组、损伤模型组、及正常对照组进行对照比较.观察大鼠胃粘膜的组织形态及血清 NO、血浆 ET、 PAF含量.结果化浊降逆法(胃痛宁胶囊组)可明显减低胃粘膜的损伤,降低溃疡指数 (P<0.01),使 NO含量升高 (P<0.01),ET、 PAF水平明显降低 (P<0.01).结论化浊降逆法能提高溃疡愈合质量,提高 NO含量,降低 ET、 PAF水平.     

软肝冲剂抗大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的：探讨软肝冲剂对大鼠肝纤维化模型的治疗作用。方法：50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、软肝冲剂低剂量组（4g/kg/d）、软肝冲剂高剂量组（8g/kg/d）和鳖甲软肝片组（0.8g/kg/d）,每组10只大鼠。40%四氯化碳和40%酒精灌胃制备大鼠肝纤维化模型,各用药组大鼠给予相应药物灌胃8周。分别检测各组大鼠的肝功能,肝纤维化指标层粘连蛋白（LN）、透明质酸（HA）和肝组织羟脯氨酸（HYP）的含量。结果：软肝冲剂可明显改善肝纤维化大鼠模型的肝功能,降低LN、HA和肝组织HYP的含量;并且,软肝冲剂高剂量的效果明显优于软肝冲剂低剂量和鳖甲软肝片。结论：软肝冲剂对肝纤维化大鼠模型具有较好的治疗效果,但具体机制尚待进一步研究。     

增损甘露消毒丹对肝纤维化大鼠血清PCIII、IV-C影响的实验研究

目的探讨增损甘露消毒丹抗肝纤维化的疗效及作用机理。方法采用四氯化碳皮下注射和酒精灌胃等复合因素建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,设6组,各组用药8周。治疗结束后采用放射免疫法检测大鼠血清III型前胶原（PCIII）、IV型胶原（IV-C）的含量。采用胶原纤维（Van-Gieson）染色法和网状纤维（Gomori）染色法光镜下观察并进行肝纤维化病理分级;网状纤维增生程度采用计算机图像分析系统进行分析。结果病理模型组大鼠血清PCIII、IV-C含量均较正常组明显升高（P＆lt;0.05）;经用药治疗后,增损甘露消毒丹大剂量组、中剂量组、复方鳖甲软肝片组血清PCIII、IV-C含量与病理模型组比较明显降低（P＆lt;0.05）;增损甘露消毒丹大剂量组、中剂量组血清PCIII、IV-C含量与增损甘露消毒丹小剂量组比较有明显差异（P＆lt;0.05）。结论增损甘露消毒丹可以抑制细胞外间质中胶原的生成,降低肝纤维化大鼠血清PCIII、IV-C的含量并能明显减轻大鼠的肝纤维化程度、减少胶原纤维与网状纤维,对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化有良好的治疗作用。     

软肝冲剂对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠血清TGFβ1和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平的影响

目的:研究软肝冲剂对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平的影响,以探讨软肝冲剂促进肝细胞再生及阻止肝纤维化、肝硬化形成的作用机制.方法:复制免疫性肝纤维化动物模型,采用Rennard方法检测大鼠血清TGFβ1和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平及肝脏组织羟脯氨酸含量.结果:模型组大鼠血清TGFβ1和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平及肝脏组织羟脯氨酸含量明显增加,与正常对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);中药软肝冲剂和西药秋水仙碱能明显降低免疫性肝纤维化大鼠血清TGFβ1和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平及肝脏组织羟脯氨酸含量,与模型组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且中药高剂量组优于中药低剂量组和西药秋水仙碱组(P<0.05或P<0.01);中药低剂量组与西药秋水仙碱组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论:软肝冲剂能明显降低免疫性肝纤维化大鼠血清TGFβ1和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原水平,以促进肝细胞再生,抑制肝纤维化、肝硬化的形成.     

清热解毒化浊片对肠源性内毒素血症大鼠肝肺促炎因子IL-8及抗炎因子IL-10的影响*

目的〓探讨清热解毒化浊片对肠源性内毒素血症（IETM）大鼠肝肺促炎因子IL-8及抗炎因子IL-10的影响。方法〓采用高脂、糖、酒精复合因素干预12周建立IETM肝肺损伤大鼠模型。造模成功后,随机分为清热解毒化浊片组、模型组和正常组3组。经治疗4周后观察肝、肺组织病理学改变,采用全自动生化仪检测血清谷氨酰氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、谷氨酰氨基转移酶（GGT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性,动态浊度法检测血浆内毒素（LPS）,免疫组化二步法测定IL-8、IL-10在肝肺组织中的表达。结果〓光镜下观察,清热解毒化浊片组大鼠肝、肺组织炎性浸润情况明显改善。与正常组比较,模型组血清ALT、AST、GGT、ALP明显升高（P<0.01,P<0.05）,血浆LPS明显升高（P<0.01）;肝、肺组织IL-8表达明显升高（P<0.01）。与模型组比较,清热解毒化浊片组血清ALT、AST、GGT、ALP均明显降低（P<0.01,P<0.05）,血浆LPS明显降低（P<0.01）;肝、肺组织IL-8明显降低（P<0.01）,肝、肺组织IL-10明显升高（P<0.01）。结论〓本实验表明清热解毒化浊片可通过降低血浆LPS,促进抗炎因子IL-10的表达,降低炎性因子IL-8的表达,改善IETM所致的肝、肺损伤。     

软肝冲剂对四氯化碳所致小鼠肝纤维化模型的影响

目的 观察软肝冲剂对四氯化碳性肝纤维化小鼠模型的治疗作用.方法 取50只雄性SPF级C57B/L小鼠,随机分为空白对照组、模型组和软肝冲剂治疗组.给予空白对照组100％花生油1mL/kg腹腔注射,每周2次,共10周;模型组给予含20％四氯化碳的花生油1 mL/kg腹腔注射,2次/周,共10周;软肝冲剂3个治疗组第3周起给予软肝冲剂高、中、低7.5、5.0、3.5 g/(kg·d)剂量灌胃至第10周.在实验结束后,检测小鼠血清中的透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、三型前胶原(PCⅢ)、四型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)的含量;计算肝脏指数;使用Masson和HE染色观察肝脏的病理组织学改变.结果 软肝冲剂组血清中的HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、ALT和AST的含量均低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);中剂量组和高剂量组肝脏指数与模型组相比具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);病理学检查发现软肝冲剂中、高剂量组小鼠肝脏的炎性浸润和脂肪空泡消失,Masson染色显示在汇管区无纤维素沉积.结论 软肝冲剂可以降低四氯化碳所致小鼠肝纤维化模型中血清HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、ALT和AST的水平,对肝脏具有保护作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.