突发事件后医护人员抑郁焦虑状况调查

目的了解突发事件后,目睹暴力事件的参加抢救医护人员的心理应激状况,加强心理危机干预。方法对参加新疆2009年7.5事件抢救工作的医护人员采用焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表进行心理评定。结果目睹突发暴力应激事件的医务人员的SDS评分(51.48±8.49)显著高于未目睹突发暴力应激事件的医务人员的评分[(33.32±9.16),t=13.75,P=0.000],目睹突发暴力应激事件的医务人员的SAS评分(59.17±7.60)显著高于未目睹突发暴力应激事件的医务人员的评分[(36.2±10.54),t=16.63,P=0.000],差异有统计学意义。结论目睹突发暴力应激事件的参加抢救医务人员存在明显的焦虑、抑郁问题,应高度重视,加强心理干预。     

成都市综合医院门诊患者抑郁焦虑障碍诊治状况研究

目的 了解成都市综合医院门诊患者抑郁障碍和焦虑障碍的患病率及门诊医生的识别率.方法 2007年4-5月应用医院焦虑抑郁量表(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,HADS)、患者健康问卷(PatientHealth Questionnaire 15-Item,PHQ-15)对在四川...     

成都市精神卫生服务现况调查分析

目的分析2006年成都市精神卫生机构服务现状,为卫生职能部门制定精神卫生工作规划提供参考。方法采用描述性分析方法,对成都市2004年精神卫生机构的服务现状进行分析。结果成都市精神卫生机构资源比较贫乏,同时卫生资源利用率较低。结论建议建立精神卫生管理机构;增加卫生资源投入;加强专业人员的培训;坚持专科发展方向,不断拓宽相关专科服务领域;开展社区精神病防治。     

原发性高血压合并焦虑抑郁障碍现状调查

目的探讨原发性高血压合并焦虑抑郁障碍的流行病学状况,为临床干预提供依据。方法对2180例原发性高血压患者采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表、汉密顿焦虑量表、汉密顿抑郁量表及自拟一般资料调查表进行评定分析。结果原发性高血压患者心理障碍患病率49．45％,其中焦虑症患病率45．09％、抑郁症患病率6．33％、焦虑抑郁共患率1．97％;女性、中年、并发其他疾病、无业、病程长的原发性高血压患者罹患焦虑症率偏高,而老年、退休的原发性高血压患者罹患抑郁症率偏高。结论原发性高血压患者罹患焦虑抑郁障碍率较高,其中女性、中年、病程时间长是罹患焦虑症的危险因素,老年、退休是罹患抑郁症的危险因素。     

冠心病患者住院期间焦虑抑郁状况调查

目的通过调查了解冠心病患者住院期间焦虑抑郁的状况,探究其影响因素,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法选择2013年8月-2014年1月收治于新疆石河子绿洲医院的冠心病患者150例,采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）进行调查。结果150例患者中,76例存在焦虑情绪,占50．67％;70例存在抑郁情绪,占46．67％。结论冠心病患者中,焦虑、抑郁是比较普遍的负性情绪,临床护士应注意识别患者心理问题。尽早给予护理干预。     

二级综合医院门诊焦虑抑郁障碍诊治状况调查

目的 探讨二级综合医院焦虑抑郁障碍患者的诊治状况,为提高综合医院临床医生对焦虑抑郁的识别能力提供依据.方法 采用医院焦虑抑郁量表、患者健康问卷、国际神经精神科简式访谈问卷、快速抑郁症状学量表-抑郁症自评量表、Zung焦虑自评量表对驻马店市三所二级综合医院门诊就诊的1278例患者进行调查.结果 医院焦虑抑郁量表总分≥8分者636例(49.7%),其中愿意接受精神科访谈278例(43.8%).焦虑抑郁障碍总检出率为12.8%,其中焦虑检出率为4.7%、抑郁检出率为8.1%.确诊为焦虑抑郁障碍的患者中,仅有0.8%接受了门诊医生给予的精神药物治疗,8.2%接受了门诊医生的建议到精神科就诊.结论 二级综合医院普通门诊焦虑抑郁障碍就诊率较高,门诊医生识别率较低,提高综合医院临床医生对焦虑抑郁障碍的识别能力是一个亟待解决的问题.     

北京市长青园社区站门诊患者103例焦虑抑郁状态筛查

目的：筛查北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊患者焦虑抑郁状态发生情况。方法：调查样本来源于整群抽取的2004-10．在北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊患者103例。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（由14条目组成，其中7个条目评定焦虑，7个条目评定抑郁；0～7分属无症状。8～10分属症状可疑。11-21分属存在症状）进行调查。由患者本人如实填写上个月情绪变化，调查者根据量表筛查结果对不同性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状况以及疾病情况下焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况进行分析评估。结果：103例受试对象的测试结果均纳入结果分析。①不同性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状况焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况：抑郁障碍发生率高于焦虑障碍发生率（32.0％和21.4%）。男性抑郁障碍发生情况略多于女性（33％和31％）；≥60岁离退休老年人中49．4％存在不同程度的情绪障碍；小学及小学以下文化程度的人群的焦虑、抑郁障碍发生率高于初中及以上文化水平的人群（焦虑：25％和20％；抑郁：28％和24％）。②不同疾病情况下焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况：焦虑、抑郁患者和可疑症状人群患有两种以上慢性病占25．2％，3种以上慢性病占6．8％。结论：北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊的患者中抑郁状态人数多于焦虑状态人数，焦虑和抑郁障碍的发生率男性略多于女性，文化程度低的发生率低于文化程度高者，患两种以上慢性病的离退休老年人有近半数人存在不同程度的焦虑和抑郁障碍。     

北京市长青园社区站门诊患者103例焦虑抑郁状态筛查

目的:筛查北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊患者焦虑抑郁状态发生情况。方法:调查样本来源于整群抽取的2004-10在北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊患者103例。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(由14条目组成,其中7个条目评定焦虑,7个条目评定抑郁;0～7分属无症状,8～10分属症状可疑,11～21分属存在症状)进行调查。由患者本人如实填写上个月情绪变化,调查者根据量表筛查结果对不同性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状况以及疾病情况下焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况进行分析评估。结果:103例受试对象的测试结果均纳入结果分析。①不同性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状况焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况:抑郁障碍发生率高于焦虑障碍发生率(32.0%和21.4%)。男性抑郁障碍发生情况略多于女性(33%和31%);≥60岁离退休老年人中49.4%存在不同程度的情绪障碍;小学及小学以下文化程度的人群的焦虑、抑郁障碍发生率高于初中及以上文化水平的人群(焦虑:25%和20%;抑郁:28%和24%)。②不同疾病情况下焦虑、抑郁障碍发生情况:焦虑、抑郁患者和可疑症状人群患有两种以上慢性病占25.2%,3种以上慢性病占6.8%。结论:北京市长青园地区社区门诊就诊的患者中抑郁状态人数多于焦虑状态人数,焦虑和抑郁障碍的发生率男性略多于女性,文化程度低的发生率低于文化程度高者,患两种以上慢性病的离退休老年人有近半数人存在不同程度的焦虑和抑郁障碍。     

精神科轮班工作护士焦虑抑郁状况调查

目的：探讨精神科轮班工作护士的焦虑抑郁状况。方法采用医院焦虑抑郁量表对4家精神病专科医院轮班工作护士进行调查分析。结果本组连续轮班工作护士可疑焦虑、抑郁发生率分别为18．6％、10．0％。连续轮班工作≤5 a护士医院焦虑抑郁量表焦虑因子分显著高于＞5 a护士（P＜0．05）,抑郁因子分二者比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论精神科轮班工作护士的焦虑抑郁情绪发生率较高,医院管理者应有针对性地予以心理疏导及心理关怀,以提高其心身健康水平。     

社区精神卫生工作人员抑郁状况调查

目的：了解社区精神卫生工作人员抑郁状况。方法对88名社区精神卫生服务工作人员采用流调中心用抑郁量表进行测评分析。结果本组社区精神卫生工作人员流调中心用抑郁量表评分范围0分—52分,平均(8.74±7.09)分,男性为(10.00±6.80)分,女性为(8.27±7.45)分;可能有抑郁症状检出率为7.9%,抑郁症状检出率为5.7%;各条目为3分检出率由高到低排名前5位的依次为：条目12(71.6%)、条目16(67.0%)、条目8(60.2%)、条目4(42.0%)、条目11(14.8%)。结论社区精神卫生工作人流调中心用抑郁量表评分低于全国城市常模,幸福感、快乐感、未来希望感及睡眠状况较差,应予以有针对性的干预。     

住院病人心理健康状况及其影响因素的调查研究

目的 :调查住院病人焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生率 ,并分析与有关因素的相关性。方法 :对综合性医院 82 5名住院病人 ,应用医院焦虑抑郁情绪测定表 (HAD)、艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)、自行设计的心理问题影响因素问卷 ,进行心理健康状况及其影响因素的调查和分析。结果 :焦虑、抑郁的发生率分别为 2 1.5 %、18.9% ,逐步回归分析发现 ,影响住院病人焦虑的因素依次为对疾病认知水平低、对诊疗手段恐惧、医院环境不理想、性格内向 ;而情绪不稳定、性格内向、对疾病认知水平低、社会支持程度差、对诊疗手段的不了解则是引起抑郁的主要因素。此外 ,通过两组独立样本的u检验得出 ,文化程度低的病人焦虑、抑郁的分值均高于文化程度高的病人 (P <0 .0 1) ,老年组病人的抑郁分值显著高于中青年组 (P <0 .0 1) ,不同性别间无差异。结论 :焦虑的发生主要与外源性因素有关 ,而抑郁的发生则主要是内源性因素起作用     

Prevalence and risk factors for depression and anxiety among outpatient migraineurs in mainland China

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety and depression symptoms in outpatient migraineurs in mainland China. In addition, we evaluated whether the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) provided sufficient validity to screen depression and anxiety. A cross-sectional study was conducted consecutively at our headache clinic. Migraine was diagnosed according to International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition (ICHD-II). Demographic characteristics and clinical features were collected by headache questionnaire. Anxiety and depression symptoms about migraineurs were assessed using HADS. Several questionnaires were simultaneously used to evaluate patients with depressive disorder including the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and HADS. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to test the validity of HADS. 176 outpatients with migraine (81.8 % female) were included. Overall, 17.6 and 38.1 % participants had depression and anxiety, respectively. Possible risk factors for depression in migraineurs included headache intensity of first onset of migraine, migraine with presymptom, migraine with family history and migraine disability. The possible risk factors for anxiety included fixed attack time of headache in one day and poor sleeping, and age represented a protective factor for anxiety. The correlation coefficient of HADS-A and HADS-D with HAMA and HAMD was 0.666 and 0.508, respectively (P < 0.01). This study demonstrates that depression and anxiety comorbidity in our mainland Chinese migraineurs are also common, and several risk factors were identified that may provide predictive value. These findings can help clinicians to identify and treat anxiety and depression in order to improve migraine management.     

四川省59家乡镇卫生院基本公共卫生服务现况分析

目的了解四川省乡镇卫生院的部分基本公共卫生服务项目的现况。方法采用分层抽样的方法,抽取59家乡镇卫生院进行问卷调查,并运用方差分析方法对公共卫生服务情况进行分析比较。结果乡镇卫生院各项公共卫生服务工作量逐年升高,其中居民健康档案累计建档率、电子建档率、65岁以上老人建档率和慢性病健康管理率在不同年份间总体上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;一类地区的各项公共卫生服务量明显高于二类地区和三类地区,经方差分析,除孕产妇建卡人次和电子建档率两指标差别无统计学意义外,其他项服务差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论新医改以来,四川省乡镇卫生院各项基本公共卫生服务均有所提高,但地区间存在差异。针对不同的公共卫生服务项目提出意见与建议,以期能对乡镇卫生院现有的公共卫生服务的改善提供参考,使广大农村居民享有更好的公共卫生服务。     

焦虑、抑郁和焦虑抑郁共病社会心理因素研究及护理

目的探讨焦虑、抑郁和焦虑抑郁共病在整体护理影响因素中的心理社会因素,旨在为焦虑、抑郁和焦虑抑郁患者的整体护理有效实施提供可靠依据,对患者实施早期心理干预,改善患者心理状态,提高患者生存质量。方法利用生活事件量表（LES）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、家庭环境量表中文版（FES-CV）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、防御方式问卷（DSQ）对61例患者进行调查评定,同时对60名医护人员作为正常对照组进行测评比较。结果抑郁组、焦虑组、共病组负性生活事件频度及生活事件总频度得分、社会支持得分、神经质得分均高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;共病组社会支持分高于抑郁组,与焦虑组无差别;共病组存在家庭功能缺陷,但较抑郁组和焦虑组为轻;3组患者DSQ不成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制得分高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。结论抑郁、焦虑和焦虑抑郁一共病有着很多相似之处,都与心理社会因素有着密切的相关性,但又有各自的临床特点和表现形式,对抑郁、焦虑和焦虑抑郁共病在整体护理中心理社会因素实施护理干预提供了理论依据。     

Mental health of the Slovak population during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey

BACKGROUNDPopulation’s mental health surveillance is essential for knowing the distribution of mental well-being and mental disorders in the society. This allows for the establishment, evaluation, and revision of preventive measures and curative services. The results of such monitoring should serve as a database for evidence-based mental health policy. Mental disorders are among the top ten causes of burden globally and crisis situations such as the pandemic increase the risk of mental health problems, as they cause constant fear of contagion and the implementation of restrictive measures. The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the general population of the Slovak Republic has not yet been studied. The hypothesis was that more than one fifth of the population (women to a greater extent) will have symptoms of anxiety and depression.AIMTo assess the mental health of the general Slovak population aged 15 years and older in the summer of 2021 by determining the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.METHODSAn anonymous cross-sectional survey was implemented in a sample of 1501 respondents in the summer of 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The inclusion criteria were age of 15 years and older and ability to complete the survey questionnaire online or in a face-to-face interview. The survey assessed anxiety symptoms by the seven-item general anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms by the nine-item patient health questionnaire instruments. Recognized cut-off scores of 10 or greater were used for both. RESULTSAnxiety symptoms were present in 19.32% and depression in 24.65% of the sample. Symptoms of both disorders were more common in females: 15.00% of males and 24.00% of females experienced anxiety symptoms, and 19.00% of males and 30.00% of females experienced symptoms of depression. Symptoms of both disorders were the most common in the youngest age group (15-25 years old): One fifth of males (20.29%) and one third of females (35.32%) had symptoms of anxiety, and 26.09% males and 43.79% females had symptoms of depression. Mean score for anxiety was 5.44 [standard deviations (SD) = 4.96] for the overall sample, 6.15 (SD = 5.14) for females, and 4.67 (SD = 4.63) for males. The youngest females of the 15-25 years age group had the highest score (7.55, SD = 5.27) among all age groups, for both sexes. Mean score for depression was 6.74 for the overall sample (SD = 5.75), 7.43 for females (SD = 5.87), and 5.99 (SD = 5.52) for males. The highest depression score was observed in the youngest females of the 15-25 years age group (9.34, SD = 6.07). We found a significant association between anxiety or depressive symptoms and younger age [odds ratio (OR): 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-2.45 and OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.17-2.34, respectively], being female (OR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.42-2.42 and OR: 1.76, 95%CI: 0.20-0.29, respectively), and having primary education (OR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.08-2.54 and OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.16-2.63, respectively).CONCLUSIONResults of our study indicate that anxiety and depression are frequent in the Slovak Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic. This important observation should serve as an information basis for the development of effective mental health policies, consisting of preventive programs, and early detection and effective treatment services. The study results provide strong argument for the necessity of mental health reform that is currently being shaped in the Slovak Republic.     

Prevalence and associated factors of stress,anxiety and depression among emergency medical officers in Malaysian hospitals

BACKGROUND: Demanding profession has been associated with poor psychological health due to multiple factors such as overworking hours and night shifts. This study is to determine prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety and stress among medical officers working at emergency department in Malaysian hospitals.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 emergency department medical officers working at general hospitals from seven Malaysia regions. They were randomly selected and their depression, anxiety and stress level were measured by the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale.RESULTS: The highest prevalence was anxiety (28.6%) followed by depression (10.7%) and stress (7.9%). Depression, anxiety and stress between seven hospitals were not significantly different (P>0.05). Male medical officers significantly experienced more anxiety symptoms than female medical officers (P=0.0022), however depression and stress symptoms between male and female medical officers were not significantly different (P>0.05). Depression, anxiety and stress were not associated with age, working experience, ethnicity, marital status, number of shifts and type of system adopted in different hospitals (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anxiety was high, whereas for depression and stress were considerably low. Gender was the only factor significantly associated with anxiety. Other factors were not associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Future research should aim to gain better understanding on unique factors that affect female and male medical officers’ anxiety level in emergency setting, thus guide authorities to chart strategic plans to remedy this condition.     

基层医院心血管疾病住院患者抑郁焦虑情绪调查分析

目的调查基层医院心血管疾病患者抑郁和焦虑情绪的发生情况。方法采用多中心横断面设计,调查大足区境内7家医院住院心血管疾病患者,纳入研究问卷共528份。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）进行调查。结果焦虑情绪可疑患者发生率为54．67％,有明显焦虑情绪者占45．32％;抑郁可疑患者占55．32％,有明显抑郁情绪者占44．67％,均高于普通人群。结论基层医院心血管疾病住院患者焦虑、抑郁发生率较高。医护人员应进行心理疏导,以缓解他们的负性情绪,使之达到接受治疗的最佳心身状态。     

康复期精神病患者焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响因素及其护理干预

对１１０ 例康复期精神病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪进行评估, 使用多元逐步回归分析法筛选其影响因素, 并进行集体和个别护理干预。结果表明,影响精神病患者康复期焦虑、抑郁的因素为担心影响工作, 住院次数少, 病程短, 单位经济效益差等。进行护理干预前后焦虑症状的发生率为３５－５％ 和８－２％ , 抑郁症状发生率为４６－４％ 和１６－４％ 。说明有效的护理干预可缓解康复期精神病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪。     

护士长应对方式与焦虑情绪的相关性研究

目的:调查护士长的应对方式与其焦虑情绪之间的相互关系。方法:通过整群随机抽样抽出102名护士长,采用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）、应对方式量表对其进行调查。采用直线相关、t检验、方差分析等统计学方法对调查结果进行分析。结果:护士长的消极应对方式与焦虑水平呈显著正相关（P<0.01）。其中护士长任职年限≤5年者其焦虑水平显著高于任职11年以上者（P<0.01）、消极应对方式显著高于任职11～15年者（P<0.05）。结论:面对护理工作和管理工作中的各种应激,护士长的消极应对方式与其焦虑情绪之间存在密切关系,尤其是从事护士长工作≤5年者。因此护士长在工作、学习中应注意不断提高自身心理素质,同时提示应加强对任职年限较短的护士长各方面的关心、指导与培训。