持续性躯体形式疼痛障碍患者的心理状态

目的：探讨持续性躯体形式疼痛与人格及心理因素。方法：对62例持续性躯体形式疼痛障碍患者采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)测评。结果：和常模比较，EPQ测定大多为内倾不稳定型；SCL-90抑郁、焦虑、躯体化等因子分明显增高。54例(87％)患者存在疑病观念。结论：持续性躯体形式疼痛和人格以及抑郁、焦虑情绪、疑病观念密切相关。     

影响癌症患者生活质量的相关因素分析

目的探讨影响癌症患者生活质量的相关因素,提示干预措施。方法对124例癌症患者在入院一周内进行癌症病人生活质量问卷(EORCT QLQ-30)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、防御方式问卷(DSQ)、生活事件量表(LES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)的评估,用t检验,多元逐步回归进行统计分析。结果单因素分析显示对患病知情有利于患者认知功能提高且恶心呕吐减少；病程长躯体功能及角色功能差；本组抑郁发生率为32．26%,焦虑发生率为29．84%,抑郁、焦虑对癌症患者生活质量的多项因子都有显著影响。多元分析结果表明,癌症患者生活质量总评与负性生活事件强度、疼痛、疲劳、社会支持利用度相关,社会功能与年龄、疲劳、HAMD总分有关。结论癌症患者的生活质量受多种因素影响,其中抑郁、焦虑等情绪障碍严重影响了癌症患者的生活质量,负性生活事件、神经质个性、年龄、病程也是影响患者生活质量的重要因素。针对相关因素进行干预有利于癌症患者生活质量的提高。     

消化性溃疡患者社会心理因素研究

目的研究消化性溃疡患者社会心理因素的特点及影响因素。方法运用生活事件量表、A型行为量表、多伦多述情障碍量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、应付方式问卷、社会支持问卷，测定46例消化性溃疡患者及49例正常对照组病前遭遇的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、患病后的心身健康状况及其影响因素。结果病例组本次患病前所经历的生活事件频数及紧张值，A型行为评分，消极应付方式评分，抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组。积极应付评分，社会支持总分减低。发现家族史、生活事件紧张总值、A型行为和抑郁为消化性溃疡的危险因素，而积极应付方式和社会支持为疾病的保护因子。结论消化性溃疡患者具有特殊的心翠社会特征和心身健康状况，应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。     

灼口综合征患者负性情绪,应对方式及人格状况的调查

目的研究灼口的抑郁、焦虑、应对方式和人格状况以及上述症状之间的相关性。方法选取我院2014年1月至2016年1月80例灼口综合征患者为研究组,并选取同期80例健康者为对照组,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-RSC)与视觉模拟评分法表(VAS)进行评估对比,并分析各症状的相关性。结果研究组患者的SDS和SAS评分比对照组显著增加(P0.05),口干症状与焦虑评分、疼痛程度呈正相关,疼痛程度与焦虑评分、抑郁评分呈正相关,应对方式中的回避、屈服与抑郁评分呈正相关,人格中的掩饰、神经质、精神质与抑郁评分、焦虑评分呈正相关(P0.05)。结论灼口综合征患者会产生口干、疼痛、人格异常、应对障碍、抑郁与焦虑等症状,各症状之间不是独立存在的,心理的障碍会加重生理的症状,因此在临床实际治疗中需注重加强心理干预。     

外伤后脊髓损伤患者抑郁焦虑水平影响因素

目的分析外伤后脊髓损伤患者的焦虑抑郁水平及其相关因素。方法对脊髓损伤患者50例进行问卷调查,包括-般状况调查表、艾森克人格问卷、社会支持量表、应付方式问卷。采用汉密顿抑郁、焦虑量表进行抑郁焦虑水平测评,并对其影响因素进行分析。结果50例患者中有抑郁症状者49例,焦虑症状者48例。其中抑郁程度轻度者8例,抑郁程度中度者19例,抑郁程度重度者22例;可能有焦虑者ll例,焦虑程度轻度者25例,明显焦虑者10例,重度焦虑者2例。人口学因素中,只有性别与焦虑有回归关系,性别与抑郁有相关性（r=-0．26）。抑郁程度与人格特征的内外向有关,焦虑程度与人格内外向和神经质有关,抑郁与应付方式中的自责、退避有回归关系,焦虑与应付方式的合理化呈回归关系,抑郁、焦虑水平与社会支持总分呈回归关系。结论外伤后脊髓损伤患者抑郁焦虑水平受到患者人格、应对方式等多因素的影响。     

住院冠心病患者的临床心理特征分析

目的 分析住院冠心病患者心理状况的临床特征。方法 应用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、A型行为类型问卷(TABP)、艾森克成人个性问卷(EPQ)以及症状自评量表(SCL-90),对综合性医院心血管内科住院的80例冠心病患者进行调查。结果 ①60％的住院冠心病患者同时伴有焦虑抑郁症状,35％的患者单有焦虑症状;②住院冠心病患者的HAMD和HAMA总分受性别、文化程度、病程、住院次数以及A型行为类型等因素的影响;③住院冠心病患者的SCL-90总分及其因子分明显高于中国正常人常模。结论 住院冠心病患者存在一定的心理问题,对其进行心理干预是必要的。     

60例失眠患者抑郁情况及心理因素分析

目的 调查失眠患者的抑郁情况及心理状态.方法 60例失眠症患者为失眠组,对照组为在本院体检的无睡眠障碍的健康人60例,所有调查对象自愿填写并完成各个评价量表,包括症状自评量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和A型行为类型问卷.结果 失眠组症状自评表中10个调查项目均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.失眠组焦虑情况与抑郁情况评分显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.失眠组A-、A和M型显著高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（χ2=10.21,P＜0.001; χ2=6.53,P＜0.05; χ2=18.77,P＜0.001）.结论 失眠患者多伴焦虑和抑郁,应主要采用心理干预,辅以抗焦虑、抗抑郁药物及调整患者人格,以改善患者睡眠情况.     

冠心病患者的心理社会因素量表分析

目的研究冠心病患者社会心理因素的特点及影响。方法运用生活事件量表、A型行为量表、多伦多述情障碍量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、应付方式问卷、社会支持问卷,测定48例冠心病患者及50例正常对照组病前遭遇的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、患病后的心身健康状况及其影响因素。结果病例组本次患病前所经历的生活事件频数及紧张值,A型行为评分,消极应付方式评分,抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。积极应付评分,社会支持总分减低(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论生活事件紧张总值、A型行为和抑郁是冠心病的危险因素,而积极应付方式和社会支持为疾病的保护因子。冠心病患者具有特殊的心理社会特征和心身共病状况,应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。     

2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁情绪与个性、应对方式的相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁情绪与个性、应对方式的关系。方法采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）、艾森克个性问卷修订版（EPQ）和医学应对问卷（MCMQ）对120例2型糖尿病患者进行评定。结果2型糖尿病患者中女性焦虑量表分、神经质量表分和屈服量表分高于男性；焦虑情绪与内外倾、面对的应对方式呈负相关，与神经质呈正相关；抑郁情绪与神经质、屈服的应对方式呈正相关，与内外倾及面对的应对方式呈负相关。结论2型糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁情绪与个性及应对疾病的方式有相关性。     

D型人格与冠状动脉内支架置入者的生活质量★

背景：国外多数研究表明D型人格是冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病等重大慢性疾病预后不良的重要危险因素。不同文化种族的中国冠心病患者情况是否与国外相同，国内学者在这一方面进行了一些初步地探讨。 目的：探讨D型人格对冠状动脉支架置入后患者情绪和生活质量的影响。 设计、时间及地点：调查分析，于2006-01/12在大连市某三级医院心内科门诊完成。 对象：抽取大连市某三级医院心内科门诊随访的曾行冠状动脉内支架置入的患者137例。共获得有效问卷132份，男90例，女42例。 方法：采用D型人格量表（DS14）将132例患者分为 2组，D型人格组 41例；非D型人格组 91例。分别对于D型人格组和非D型人格组采用一般问卷、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOL-74)评估。 主要观察指标：D型人格组患者和非D型人格组患者一般情况、抑郁与焦虑评分及生活质量的比较。 结果：①D型人格在冠状动脉支架术后患者中约占31.1%。②支架置入至少3个月后，D型人格组和非D型人格组各项评估揭示：D型人格组有经历重大生活事件和抽烟行为的人数比例多于非D型人格组，而进行适当适量体育运动的人数比例少于非D型人格组；D型人格组较非D型人格组更容易出现抑郁情绪；生活质量方面D型人格组在躯体、心理、社会和总分方面都较非D型人格组更差。 结论：D型人格的冠状动脉支架置入者情绪和生活质量比非D型人格患者差，人格因素影响着冠状动脉支架置入者的生活质量和预后。     

围绝经期综合征的相关因素分析

目的:探讨围绝经期综合征的影响因素。方法:采用一般人口资料学调查、生活事件评定量表(LES),艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、TDL生命质量量表、激素测定等对围绝经期综合征女性患者148例(患者组)与围绝经期健康女性100例(对照组)进行对照。结果:患者组与神经质性人格、病前不稳定的个性特征、经济状况的低下、子女不在身边、对婚姻的不满意、伴发慢性躯体疾病相关。而与有无生育创伤史、社会地位的下降无明显相关。社会支持缺乏,负性生活事件更多的存在于围绝经期综合征患者中。激素水平在患者组与对照组间无显著差异。结论:神经质性人格、病前不稳定的个性特征及心理社会因素的共同作用可能是产生围绝经期综合征的重要因素之一。     

Anxiety and depression in patients with the abdominal pelvic pain syndrome

The authors matched gynecologic patients with the abdominal pelvic pain syndrome (N = 41) with other gynecologic patients. They administered to both groups self-rating scales of anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, and somatization of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist and of the Symptom Questionnaire, a questionnaire about disruptions in early home life, and a questionnaire of recent stressful events. Patients with pain rated themselves on the average significantly more anxious, depressed, and hostile, and had more somatic symptoms than other patients; 56% of the patients with pain rated themselves within the normal ranges on all scales. There were no significant differences between the two groups in reports of disruptions of early home life and recent losses. The findings are consistent with the view that patients with the abdominal pelvic pain syndrome are psychologically a heterogeneous group; in many patients, depression and anxiety may be consequences of persistent pain.     

躯体化障碍患者述情障碍分析

目的：探讨躯体化障碍患者的述情障碍及其与个性的相关性。方法：采用多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）测查了42例躯体化障碍患者,并以50名健康者作对照。结果：躯体化障碍患者有述情障碍。多元相关分析发现,躯体化障碍组个性越内倾,描述情感能力越欠缺,情绪越不稳定。结论：躯体化障碍患者存在述情障碍,且与个性特征有密切关系。     

乳腺癌患者社会心理特征的研究

目的　研究乳腺癌患者的社会心理特点和心身健康状况。方法　运用临床心理评定量表 (LES、EPQ、CS、SSQ、SCL 90 )评定 40例乳腺癌患者遭遇的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、心身健康状况 ,与 40例健康者相比较。结果　乳腺癌患者组病前经历的生活事件总频数及应激强度、负性生活事件频数及应激强度、神经质分、消极应付方式评分显著较多 ,社会支持总分、客观支持分、主观支持分、支持利用度显著较低 ,SCL 90除敌对、恐怖因子外其他因子分增高均具有显著性。结论　乳腺癌患者的社会心理因素有自身的特点 ,应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。     

A comparison of depressed and anxious chronic pain patients

This study compared 102 depressed pain patients and 41 anxious pain patients. Depressed pain patients were significantly more often older in age. Pain patients with anxiety disorder were more often younger and unemployed. There was no significant difference in the family psychiatric morbidity. Such a subdivision of chronic pain patients based on psychopathology could be useful for management purposes and for future research.     

帕罗西汀与硫必利治疗伴情绪障碍的偏头痛68例观察

目的 探讨帕罗西汀治疗伴有情绪障碍的偏头痛的临床疗效。方法将偏头痛患者127例随机分为两组,即应用帕罗西汀为治疗组,应用硫必利为对照组．进行随机单盲对照研究,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）对其抑郁焦虑状态进行治疗前及治疗后（第2、4、6周）评估。结果 治疗组不仅可以明显减轻患者的抑郁焦虑症状,还可以显著减轻偏头痛发作次数,缩短头痛发作时间。两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论 帕罗西汀治疗偏头痛有较好疗效,且有一定的防复发作用。     

恶性肿瘤与心理社会因素关系的对照研究

目的 探讨恶性肿瘤患者心理健康状况及其对发病的影响。方法应用SAS焦虑自评量表，艾森克(EPQ)人格测验量表，SDS抑郁自评量表，生活事件量表对100例恶性肿瘤患者进行调查，并以100名正常人作对照。结果患者组病前有焦虑抑郁情绪、负性生活事件；个性N值均显著高于对照组，逐步回归分析提示，影响癌症发生的因素依次为，病前焦虑、负性生活事件、EPQ之N分。结论癌症患者的心理卫生状况较差，对肿瘤的发病可能有影响。     

Differences in emotional distress between breast tumor patients with emotional inhibition and those with emotional expression

The differences in affective status between patients who restrain their negative emotion and those who express negative emotion after being given their breast cancer diagnosis were studied using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) at two sessions: (i) at the first visit to the outpatient surgery clinic, and (ii) immediately after being given the diagnosis of breast cancer. Eighty-seven patients completed the POMS and the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS) at the first visit to the outpatient surgery clinic at Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital. They also completed the POMS immediately after being given the diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast cancer patients who restrain their negative emotion (n = 8) were highly anxious, depressed and confused after being given the diagnosis compared to breast cancer patients who express negative emotion (n = 8). Emotional distress in benign breast tumor patients was reduced after being given the diagnosis regardless of the trend of emotional inhibition. That is, emotional distress in patients who restrain their emotions was considerably increased compared with that of patients who expressed their emotions when they were faced with a life-threatening disease. These results suggest that it may be therapeutic to advise breast cancer patients to express their negative emotion.     

Parkinson's disease motor subtypes and mood

Parkinson's disease is heterogeneous, both in terms of motor symptoms and mood. Identifying associations between phenotypic variants of motor and mood subtypes may provide clues to understand mechanisms underlying mood disorder and symptoms in Parkinson's disease. A total of 513 patients were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and separately classified into anxious, depressed, and anxious-depressed mood classes based on latent class analysis of a semistructured interview. Motor subtypes assessed related to age-of-onset, rate of progression, presence of motor fluctuations, lateralization of motor symptoms, tremor dominance, and the presence of postural instability and gait symptoms and falls. The directions of observed associations tended to support previous findings with the exception of lateralization of symptoms, for which there were no consistent or significant results. Regression models examining a range of motor subtypes together indicated increased risk of anxiety in patients with younger age-of-onset and motor fluctuations. In contrast, depression was most strongly related to axial motor symptoms. Different risk factors were observed for depressed patients with and without anxiety, suggesting heterogeneity within Parkinson's disease depression. Such association data may suggest possible underlying common risk factors for motor subtype and mood. Combined with convergent evidence from other sources, possible mechanisms may include cholinergic system damage and white matter changes contributing to non-anxious depression in Parkinson's disease, while situational factors related to threat and unpredictability may contribute to the exacerbation and maintenance of anxiety in susceptible individuals.     

A causal model of psychosomatic reactions to vacuum aspiration abortion

Summary Among 215 women aborted by vacuum aspiration approximately 15 % experienced a difficult abortion decision; were quite anxious before and anxious and depressed after the abortion; and experienced a very painful abortion. Causal modeling indicated: being married was the dominant socio-demographic correlate of a difficult abortion decision which, in turn, predicted greater anxiety before the abortion. Higher anxiety before abortion interacted with inferior skill of the operator to increase pain experienced during the procedure. Increased postabortion anxiety resulted from the additive, independent effects of more pain during the procedure, greater anxiety before the abortion and a difficult decision to abort as well as previous nulliparity.