高效液相色谱法测定土茯苓中薯蓣皂苷元的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定土茯苓中薯蓣皂苷元的含量.方法:色谱柱为Diamonisil(TM钻石)C18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5um);以乙腈-水(90:10)为流动相;检测波长203nm;柱温35℃;流速:1.0mL·min-1.结果:薯蓣皂苷元进样量在0.4896ug～2.448ug范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995);加样回收率为97.1%,RSD为1.23%.结论:方法操作简便,分离效果良好.     

HPLC法同时测定延龄草根及根茎中延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3的含量

目的:建立HPLC法同时测定延龄草Trillium tschonoskiiMaxim.根及根茎中延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3的含量。方法:采用UItimate RXB-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,3μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(10%-100%梯度),检测波长为203 nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温30℃。结果:在该色谱条件下,三种延龄草皂苷的分离度良好,延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3浓度在0.05-0.5 mg/mL范围内峰面积与进样量呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率为98.2%、102.5%、101.4%。结论:该方法简便、准确、重现性好,适用于同时测定延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3的含量,可作为延龄草质量标准制定的依据。     

黄精和多花黄精中多糖及薯蓣皂苷元的含量测定

目的测定黄精和多花黄精药材中多糖和薯蓣皂苷元的含量。方法采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定黄精多糖含量;采用HPLC法测定薯蓣皂苷元的含量。色谱柱为Symmetry-C18（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,乙腈-水（94∶6,V/V）,检测波长为203 nm,柱温25℃,进样量20μL。结果葡萄糖浓度在3.30～19.80μg/mL范围内与吸光度有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为Y=0.0284 X＋0.072 7（r=0.998 6）,黄精和多花黄精中多糖含量分别为107.52 mg/g和80.41 mg/g;薯蓣皂苷元在13.74～54.96μg/mL（r=0.998 3）范围内呈良好线性关系,平均加样回收率为103.48%,RSD为3.11%。黄精和多花黄精水解后薯蓣皂苷元含量分别为0.19 mg/g和0.18mg/g。结论该方法简便、灵敏准确,可用于黄精和多花黄精中多糖和薯蓣皂苷元的含量测定。     

不同产地菝葜不同部位薯蓣皂苷元的含量比较

目的对不同产地菝葜不同部位中薯蓣皂苷元的含量进行比较分析,为寻找和扩大药用资源提供依据。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Kromasil C18(250×4.6mm,7μm),流动相:甲醇-水(92:8),流速:1m l/min,检测波长:210nm。结果薯蓣皂苷元平均回收为98.43%,RSD为1.08%(n=6)。结论菝葜地下部位中薯蓣皂苷元的含量普遍较地上高,部分产地药材地上部分的薯蓣皂苷元的含量较高。     

RP-HPLC法测定金槐冠心片中薯蓣皂苷元的含量

目的建立RP-HPLC法测定金槐冠心片中薯蓣皂苷元含量的方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法,Shim-packCLC-ODS柱(150mm×6.0mm,5μm),以甲醇-乙腈(3∶2)为流动相,在206nm波长下测定样品水解后的薯蓣皂苷元含量。结果该方法专属性强;平均空白回收率为95.6%,RSD为2.44%,平均加样回收率为98.7%,RSD为2.66%(n=6)。结论该方法简便,分离效果好,可用于金槐冠心片中薯蓣皂苷元的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定德欧血脂平胶囊中薯蓣皂苷元的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱（HPLC）法测定德欧血脂平胶囊中薯蓣皂苷元的方法。方法采用HPLC法测定。色谱分析条件为：LUNA SILICA（2）色谱柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）,以正己烷-醋酸乙酯（88∶12）为流动相,体积流量为1.0 mL/min,柱温为25℃,检测器为RID-10A示差检测器（RIU/FS=1×10-6）。结果薯蓣皂苷元在25~200μg范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为101.2%,RSD为1.9%（n=6）。结论该方法简便快速,结果准确可靠,可用于德欧血脂平胶囊中薯蓣皂苷元的测定。     

胡芦巴提取物化学成分含量测定及体外抗氧化研究

目的建立高效液相法测定胡芦巴提取物含量的方法,研究不同胡芦巴提取物对DPPH及羟基自由基(.OH)的清除效果。方法采用药典方法测定新疆、安徽产胡芦巴、胡芦巴醇提物及胡芦巴总皂苷(TFGs)中的胡芦巴碱;薯蓣皂苷元的含量测定,色谱柱为大连伊力特Hypersil ODS-1(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(86∶14,v/v),流速1.0mL/min,检测波长203nm,柱温35℃;紫外法测定体外抗氧化作用。结果薯蓣皂苷元的色谱峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为43.2～864μg/mL(r=0.999 5);平均回收率(n=9)为100.3%。胡芦巴碱含量:胡芦巴(新疆)0.66%、胡芦巴(安徽)0.62%,胡芦巴醇提物1.78%、胡芦巴大孔树脂提取物(TFGs)0.47%;薯蓣皂苷元含量:胡芦巴(新疆)0.78%、胡芦巴(安徽)0.85%,胡芦巴醇提物4.94%、胡芦巴大孔树脂提取物(TFGs)7.58%;胡芦巴各提取物对DPPH的清除IC50值:TFGs为1.2mg/mL、胡芦巴醇提物为0.6mg/mL、胡芦巴碱提取物为5.0mg/mL;胡芦巴各提取物对羟自由基的清除IC50值:TFGs为6.5mg/mL、胡芦巴醇提物为3.3mg/mL、胡芦巴碱提取物为12.5mg/mL。结论采用HPLC法测定胡芦巴提取物中薯蓣皂苷元的含量,方法准确可靠、重现性好,可用于含量测定;胡芦巴各提取物具有清除DPPH和羟基自由基的作用。     

高效液相色谱法对绵萆薢质量控制的研究

目的优化测定绵萆薢中薯蓣皂苷元含量的高效液相色谱法,为评价绵萆薢药材质量提供可行的方法。方法色谱柱为symmetryshield TMRP18(150.0mm×3.9mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(80∶20)为流动相,流量1.2mL/min,检测波长203nm,柱温为常温。结果薯蓣皂苷元进样量在0.019 8～0.505 0g/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5),平均回收率为98.23%。结论本方法操作简便、准确,可用于绵萆薢的质量控制。     

HPLC测定湖南省地产百合中薯蓣皂苷元含量

目的测定百合药材中薯蓣皂苷元的含量。方法Phenomenex C18色谱柱（4.6×250mm,5μm）;流速：0.7ml/min;柱温：30℃;检测波长：203nm;流动相：乙腈-水梯度洗脱。结果薯蓣皂苷元线性范围为0.04μg～1.60μg,r=0.9988,回收率为98.16%,RSD为2.07%。结论本方法灵敏、准确,可用于百合药材的质量控制。     

穿龙薯蓣不同部位薯蓣皂苷含量测定

目的:比较穿龙薯蓣不同部位薯蓣皂苷含量,探讨穿龙薯蓣茎叶作为根茎补充药源的可能性。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱:Aglient TC-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(55∶45);流速:1.0 mL/min;检测波长:203 nm;柱温:室温;进样量:10μL。结果:穿龙薯蓣不同部位薯蓣皂苷含量高低顺序为根茎叶片茎,三者的含量分别为1.77%、1.03%、0.37%。结论:穿龙薯蓣茎叶可作为薯蓣皂苷的提取资源和补充药源。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.