凝集素亲和沉降法检测碱性磷酸酶糖链结构

目的 建立一种简便的糖蛋白糖链分析方法－－凝集素亲和沉降法。方法 用凝集素亲和沉降法分别检测血清碱性磷酸酶的Ｌ－ＰＨＡ、ＬＣＡ和ＤＳＡ凝集素结合率。结果 批内ＣＶ值分别为４．１％、２．３％和３．４％，批间ＣＶ值分别为５．７％、３．８％和４．３％，与凝集素亲和层析法测定结果的相关系数分别为０．９８５、０．９８０和０．９７８。并用此法对３０例健康者和５７例不同肝病患者血清碱性磷酸酶Ｌ－ＰＨＡ、ＬＣＡ和     

肝病患者血清碱性磷酸酶凝集素结合率的变化

目的观察不同肝病患者血清碱性磷酸酶凝集素结合率的变化。方法采用凝集素亲和沉降法对39例健康者、41例原发性肝癌患者及98例其它肝病、消化道肿瘤患者和孕妇等血清碱性磷酸酶L型红腰豆凝集素、小扁豆凝集素、蔓陀萝凝集素结合率进行测定。结果原发性肝癌患者血清碱性磷酸酶三种凝集素结合率均明显升高，尤以L型红腰豆凝集素结合率升高显著。结论血清碱性磷酸酶凝集素结合率测定可用于原发性肝癌的实验诊断和鉴别诊断。     

肝癌标志物———人肝癌组织中碱性磷酸酶糖链结构分析

裸鼠人肝癌组织（ｈｕｍａｎ Ｌｉｖｅｒ ｃｅｌｌ ｃａｎｃｅｒ Ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｉｎ Ｎｕｄｅ,ＬＴＮＭ）中碱性磷酸酶（ａｌｋａｌｉｎｅ ｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔａｓｅ,ＡＬＰ）在ＤＥ５２纤维素离子交换层析柱上均出现两个活性峰。分别由０．１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ（峰１）０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ（峰２）所洗脱有些ＬＴＮＭ还会出现１ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ洗脱峰。用麦胚凝集素（ｗｈｅａｔ ｇｅｒｍ ａｇｇｌｕｔ     

巨碱性磷酸酶在肝癌诊断中的临床应用

寻求比较敏感可靠的检测肝癌的方法。方法采用巨碱性磷酸酶（ＨＭＡＰ）免疫测定对２４３例肝癌患者血清中ＨＭＡＰ含量进行分析，并与ＡＦＰ免疫测定相对照。与健康人群做比较。结果ＨＭＡＰ检测对转移性肝癌，原发性小肝癌及老年原发性肝癌诊断阳性率显著高于ＡＦＰ检测。结论ＨＭＡＰ弥补了ＡＦＰ测定的不足，可做为临床上肝癌检测的一项新方法。     

碱性磷酸酶及其糖链结构的研究

碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AP)由许多同工酶组成.近几年研究了各种同工酶的免疫原性、基因的核苷酸序列及其染色体定位和多肽链的氨基酸顺序,并提出了AP同工酶基因进化的观点.现在AP糖链结构的研究已引起极大的兴趣.     

骨碱性磷酸酶测定在婴幼儿佝偻病诊断中的意义

营养性佝偻病是由于维生素D缺乏引起的以骨骼改变为主要特征的综合征。本病常影响儿童正常发育，严重者可发生骨骼畸形。因此，早期诊断对控制和防止佝偻病具有重大意义。我科从1996年1月至1999年1月对96例有佝偻病临床表现的婴幼儿及48例正常婴幼儿进行骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)活性测定，同时检测血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶。现报告如下。     

肝癌γ-谷氨酰转肽酶糖链的凝集素亲和分析

目的：研究肝癌γ－谷近酰转肽酶（γ－GT）糖链结构的变化以寻找新的肝癌标志物。方法：将肝癌组织和癌旁正常肝组织中γ－GT抽提液、肝癌患者血清和正常人血清，分别用ConA和DSA两种固相凝集素柱进行亲和层析，有荧光分光光度法测定各收集管的γ－GT活力并计算不同结合组分的百分比。结果：肝癌组织与癌旁正常肝组织相比，其γ－GT中与ConA柱不结合的组分明显升高，弱结合和强结合的组分显著降低；在DSA柱上则相反，不结合的γ－GT组分显著降低，弱结合和强结合的γ－GT组分显著升高。血清γ－GT分析结果与此相似。结论：肝组织癌变后，其γ－GT的糖链结构发生了明显变化：2天线糖链结构明显减少，3、4天线糖链结构明显增高。提示带多天线糖链结构的γ－GT可能是一种肝癌标志物。     

自身免疫病患者碱性磷酸酶测定的意义

检测了50例自身免疫病患者的血清ALP、免疫球蛋白、补体及ENA多肽抗体。结果显示与对照组相比,自身免疫病患者的ALP活性升高(P＜0.05),IgG显著升高(P＜0.01),IgA、IgM升高(P＜0.05),C     

等电聚焦法检测碱性磷酸酶同工酶在肝癌和肝癌骨转移鉴别诊断中的应用

目的探讨碱性磷酸酶(ALP)同工酶在肝癌和肝癌骨转移鉴别诊断中的应用。方法用等电聚焦法(IEF)分离测定80例健康体检者和153例肝脏疾病患者血清中的ALP同工酶。结果采用神经氨酸苷酶处理标本后,IEF能分辨出ALP同工酶pI6.0、pI6.1、pI6.4和pI6.5共4个亚型。ALP的pI6.0和pI6.4亚型的检出率在健康体检组、非肝癌组、肝癌组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);pI6.5亚型的检出率在肝癌患者组明显高于健康体检组和非肝癌组(P0.01);pI6.1检出率在肝癌骨转移组明显高于肝癌无骨转移组、健康体检组和非肝癌组(P0.01)。pI6.5用于肝癌诊断的灵敏度是60.7%,特异性是83.3%,阳性预测值是69.2%,阴性预测值是77.4%,符合率为74.7%。pI6.1用于肝癌骨转移的诊断灵敏度是70.0%,特异性是81.3%,阳性预测值是84.5%,阴性预测值是84.8%,符合率为77.6%。结论 IEF法能分离ALP同工酶不同亚型,pI6.5亚型可作为肝癌鉴别诊断指标,pI6.1亚型可作为肝癌骨转移鉴别诊断指标。     

碱性磷酸酶及其糖链结构的研究

碱性磷酸酶由许多同工酶组成,近几年研究了各种同工酶的免疫原性,基因的核苷酸序列及其染色体定位和多肽链的氨基酸顺序,并提出了ＡＰ同工酶基因进化的观点。现在ＡＰ糖链结构的研究已引起极大的兴趣。     

骨碱性磷酸酶测定对小儿佝偻病早期诊断的临床研究

研究应用全血干化学免疫浓缩技术，检测骨碱性磷酸酶，用于佝偻病早期诊断，其灵敏度为８４．８９％，将异度８９．６％，准确度８４．６％，阳性预测值９６．２％。经与血液生化，Ｘ线进行比较分析证明：该法具有敏感、特异、简单、快速、节省材料等优点。是目前佝瘘病早期诊断有价值的实验方法，应普及推广。     

High-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase in chronic liver diseases

The presence of high-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase (HIALP) different from bone ALP detected in the alpha(2)beta region was recently clarified. In this study we used a novel method in which HIALP was detected after conversion to ALP(5) by protease to investigate the clinical significance of the appearance of HIALP in patients with chronic liver disease. The subjects were 241 patients with chronic liver disease. When a decrease in ALP(3) in the alpha(2)beta region and an increase in ALP(5) in the beta region were noted, the patient was judged HIALP-positive. In the patients with chronic liver disease, the total ALP activity (T-ALP) increased with progression of the pathology in the order of chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HIALP appeared in 22.4% and 49.3% of patients with CH and LC, respectively, but the positivity rate decreased to 30.4% in HCC. As autoimmune liver diseases, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) were investigated. T-ALP was lower in PBC+AIH than in LC and HCC, but the HIALP-positive rate was high (44.4%). The HIALP-positive rate was dependent on ABO blood groups, and was high in blood groups B and O. In conclusion, the HIALP-positive rate was particularly high in patients with chronic liver disease, and was related to the pathological progression, which suggests that the method is clinically useful.     

Clinical significance of serum high-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase–lipoprotein-X complex,and intestinal variant alkaline phosphatase

This paper is a study to identify the clinical significance of high-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase (ALP:E:C.3.1.3.1.), ALP–lipoprotein–X complex (LP-X) and intestinal variant ALP. We used cellulose acetate and agarose gels and techniques including wheat germ lectin, cetavlon-diethyl ether, thermostatability, neuraminidase and L -phenylalanine to improve the electrophoretic separation of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Patients' serum samples were electrophoresed from a diverse group of individuals ill with cholestasis, neoplastic disease metastatic to the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic renal disease. Agarose gels provided better separation of ALP isoenzymes than cellulose acetate gels. The results also indicated that high-molecular mass ALP is present in patient's serum in conditions associated with cholestasis especially caused by hepatic malignancy. High-molecular mass ALP was frequently found to co-exist with the liver isoenzyme and LP–XALP complex. The intestinal variant was identified in patients with malignancy, cirrhosis, chronic renal disease and diabetes mellitus. Intestinal ALP coexisted concomitantly with a variant intestinal ALP. Intestinal variant ALP is most likely composed of intestinal ALP attached to a cellular membrane-binding domain, or may be an artifact produced by neuraminidase incubation © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

不同孕期妇女血清碱性磷酸酶的变化及意义

目的 探讨妊娠期血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的变化及意义.方法 用ELIMAT-240生化分析仪对459例妊娠妇女(实验组)及108例育龄非孕健康妇女(对照组)血清ALP值进行监测.结果 早期妊娠时血清ALP值为(43.17±13.25)U/L,较对照组(64.21±19.84)U/L要低(P＜0.001);中期妊娠时血清ALP值为(62.24±19.57)U/L,与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);晚期妊娠时血清ALP值为(124.20±63.28)U/L,与对照组相比显著增高(P＜0.001);妊娠高血压综合征患者血清ALP值为(253.61±42.74)U/L,较对照组及晚期妊娠组高(P＜0.001);过期妊娠患者血清ALP值为(40.28±8.43)U/L,比晚期妊娠组及对照组低(P＜0.001).结论 健康妊娠在早孕时血清ALP值轻度降低,中期妊娠时无显著变化,晚期妊娠及妊娠高血压综合征时血清ALP值显著升高,但过期妊娠时则有所下降.     

不同激活型缓冲体系对碱性磷酸酶活性测定的影响

目的探讨不同激活型缓冲体系对碱性磷酸酶测定的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法通过参考范围调查,临床病例标本和临床随机成人血清中碱性磷酸酶的测定,分析比较3种不同缓冲体系测定方法之间的差异。结果二乙醇胺、2-乙基氨基乙醇、2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇3种不同缓冲体系的方法测定血清碱性磷酸酶活性的参考范围分别为:(98±57)U/L、(86±44)U/L、(75±42)U/L;组间比较P<0.05。221例7组肝病患者标本用3种方法测定,组间结果比较,P<0.05。成人随机标本109例,3种方法的结果比较,P<0.05。结论不同缓冲体系的测定方法对ALP测定的结果差别很大,即使底物相同,采用不同激活型缓冲体系,也会对测定结果带来较大差异,其参考范围也不一致。     

19416例健康成人碱性磷酸酶活性分析

目的分析健康成人血清ALP活性,探讨ALP水平在成人性别和年龄的分布规律。方法随机选择2008年来吉大一院健康体检各项指标正常的健康人19416例,对其血清ALP活性进行回顾性统计分析。结果 21-50岁男性ALP值显著高于同年龄组女性（P〈0.01）;51岁以上男性ALP值显著低于同年龄段女性（P〈0.01）。男性20-30岁ALP水平显著高于31岁以上各年龄组,31岁以上各年龄组间差异无统计学意义;女性20-40岁年龄段ALP水平差异无统计学意义,40岁以后,ALP水平随年龄增长而增高。结论 ALP在性别和年龄的分布规律,反映了健康成人骨代谢情况,雌激素可降低ALP活性,为研究雌激素对成骨细胞标志物ALP的影响提供科学的依据。     

Value of serum alkaline phosphatase in evaluating hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in chronic hemodialysis patients

To investigate the value of serum alkaline phosphatase in evaluating hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in hemodialysis patients, 28 hemodialysis patients who had parathyroid sonography examinations for secondary hyperparathyroidism were studied retrospectively. There were significant elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum total calcium, and dialysis duration in patients with sonography-detectable parathyroid (N = 17) as compared with those of sonography-undetectable (N = 11) parathyroid. Hemodialysis patients who have both higher serum alkaline phosphatase (>94 IU/ L) and considerably elevated serum PTH (9× or higher) are likely to have sonography-detectable parathyroids (positive predictive value of 93%). Patients with mildly or moderately elevated serum PTH but normal serum alkaline phosphatase are less likely to have sonography-detectable parathyroids (negative predictive value is 100%). These findings suggest that the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase could be a valuable parameter in addition to the high serum PTH level in predicting hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in chronic hemodialysis patients. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

联合检测尿脱氧吡啶啉与骨源性碱性磷酸酶诊断骨质疏松症

目的探讨尿脱氧吡啶啉(DPD)排泄率及骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)对骨质疏松症患者的诊断价值及两者的相关性。方法对73例骨质疏松症患者在其治疗前后联合测定尿DPD、Cr,血BAP、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及跟骨骨密度(BMD),以50例健康人作对照。结果骨质疏松症患者BAP(U/L)比对照组(213±8.13比142±6.08),DPD/Cr排泄率(nmol/mmolCr)比对照组(6.11±2.14比3.24±1.62)均显著增高(P<0.01),且治疗前后差异有显著性(P<0.01)。两指标之间成正相关(r=0.52)。结论BAP、DPD/Cr测定结果灵敏,比BMD经济方便,可作为骨质疏松症患者诊断的指标。