刺参酸性粘多糖对人血小板超微结构的影响

本文用扫描电镜结合透射电镜观察了6例正常人血小板经刺参酸性粘多糖(Sjamp)作用后的超微结构变化,并以生理盐水作对照。结果表明Sjamp能引起人血小板变形,伸出多个伪足、颗粒“中心化”,开放管道扩张、聚集、溶解等一系列变化,提示Sjamp是一种血小板激活剂。     

山蒟醇提物抗血小板活化因子作用的初步研究

本文以PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集和实验动物炎症模型为指标,观察了中药山蒟对PAF活性的影响。结果表明,山蒟醇提物不仅能明显抑制PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集,而且也能明显抑制PAF引起的炎症反应。山蒟醇提物对PAF性炎症的抑制作用不依赖肾上腺垂体系统的存在。     

Sjamp对纤溶系统影响的初步观察

本实验研究刺参酸性粘多糖(Sjamp)对纤维蛋白溶解活性的影响,结果表明Sjamp在体外可使纤维蛋白溶解,其作用强于肝素,但对不含纤溶酶原的凝块则促纤溶作用消失,提示Sjamp可能通过激活纤溶酶原而使纤维蛋白溶解。体内试验亦表明,给兔静脉注射Sjamp后,兔血浆纤溶活性增高,FDP浓度也增加。Sjamp抑制纤维蛋白单体聚合作用从而进一步影响纤维蛋白凝块的结构,可能是其促纤溶活性高于肝素的原因之一。     

乙酰水杨酸及五种中药对抑制γ线照射后血小板的高聚性及其抗辐射作用

用大剂量γ线照射小鼠、大鼠和兔,照射后1/6、1、3、5、7d测定血小板聚集率,结果表明血小板聚集反应于照后早期明显增高。应用有抑制血小板聚集作用的乙酰水杨酸和红花、红藤、赤芍、丹参、川芎等活血化瘀药可提高照射小鼠的存活率和延长存活时间。照射后早期血小板的高聚性特点在临床上对辐射损伤的早期治疗有实际意义。     

蛇毒诱聚剂诱导血小板聚集机制的探讨

蛇毒诱聚剂（血小板聚集蛇毒试剂，PAgVR）是广州医学院蛇毒研究所研制成功的一种新型血小板诱聚剂．本文用比浊法探讨了PAgVR对兔血小板的作用及其影响因素．实验结果表明，PAgVR引起兔血小板聚集有赖于外源性Ca2+的存在，EDTA－Na2能完全抑制PAgVR诱导的血小板聚集，而肝素则无影响，表明PAgVR对血小板的作用与矛头蝮和响尾蛇毒不同，即不通过凝血酶而起作用；阿司匹林阻断环氧化酶和二磷酸腺苷清除剂－磷酸肌酸／磷酸肌酸激酶均不能抑制PAgVR引起的血小板聚集，而磷酸川芎嗪则能显著抑制其作用，表明PAgVR致血小板聚集作用不依赖于TXA2和血小板内源性ADP的释放，而与PAF有着某种共同的途径。     

α_2巨球蛋白抑制蕲蛇毒激活兔血小板的实验观察

作者用体外实验观察α_2巨球蛋白(α_2MG)抑制中国蕲蛇毒(CAAV)对免血小板的激活作用.结果表明:100μg/mlCAAV致洗涤兔血小板聚集率最大(43.8％),聚集后上清液中释放的5-HT和PF_4的量最多(0.81μg/ml和39.08％)。洗涤兔血小板聚集前或后加入α_2MG均能显著抑制CAAV致聚作用及仰制5-HT和PF_4的释放(P<0.05和<0.001)。电镜发现在洗涤兔血小板悬液中先加α_2MG后加CAAV时,血小板无聚集,血小板超微结构与未加CAAV的对照组血小板相同。     

田七总皂甙对凝血酶诱导的兔血小板聚集的影响

目的：探讨田七总皂甙对凝血酶诱导的兔血小板聚集的影响。方法：血小板悬液与田七总皂甙孵育5min,然后用凝血酶（500U&#183;L-1）作用1min,用NIKONTE2000-E荧光倒置显微镜观察血小板聚集情况。结果：田七总皂甙对凝血酶诱导的兔血小板聚集有抑制作用,当田七总皂甙的浓度分别为50、100和200μmol&#183;L-1时,对血小板1min聚集的抑制作用随浓度的加大而增强。结论：田七总皂甙具有抗血小板聚集的作用。     

苯海拉明抗牛离体基底动脉收缩的效应及对兔血小板聚集性的影响

作者观察了苯海拉明对牛离体基底动脉舒缩性和兔血小板聚集性的影响,发现苯海拉明可以对抗组织胺、5-羟色胺、KCI、血小板和红细胞裂解产物(血溶质)引起的牛基底动脉的收缩,并可抑制 ADP 诱导的血小板聚集。这些结果提示,苯海拉明可能对某些脑血管闭塞性疾病有防治作用。     

4-芳杂环胺甲基酚衍生物的体外抗血小板聚集活性

血小板体内聚集可使心肌微循环功能产生障碍,导致心律失常或心肌梗塞,血小板聚集在心脑血管疾病的发病机理中起着重要作用,因而对抗血小板聚集药物的研究日益引起人们     

血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa拮抗剂临床应用的研究进展

血小板在动脉血栓形成中起着重要的作用。血小板在受到各种刺激后引起活化,产生血小板聚集,导致血栓形成,并常成为致命的因素之一。 在血小板聚集反应中,各种刺激物,譬如ADP、凝血酶、胶原等通过血小板表面相应的受体引起血小板活化反应。最终是血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa(GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa)上的纤维蛋白原受体暴露而引起血小板聚集。因此,阻断GPⅡb/Ⅲa上的纤维蛋白原受体与纤维蛋白原的结合已被认为是阻断血小板聚集反应,抑制血小板聚集的攸关至要的步骤。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.