超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化与冠心病的相关性研究

目的 利用体表超声研究颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化的关系及预测价值.方法 采用高频超声探头测定46例正常对照者和86例冠心病(coronary artery heart disease,CHD)患者颈动脉内中膜厚度和斑块厚度.结果 对照组斑块发生率明显低于CHD组 (17.4% VS 77.9%,P<0.01).CHD多支病变组平均颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)较单支病变组明显增厚[(0.99+0.17) mm VS (0.85±0.15) mm,P <0.01],其斑块积分也较单支病变组高[(2.68±1.82) VS (1.60±1.27),P <0.05].以IMT≥0.85 mm预测CHD的有无,总符合率73.5% (97/132).特异性为76.10%,其敏感性为72.10%.结论 颈动脉粥样硬化是冠心病的高危预测因素之一,与冠状动脉粥样硬化密切相关,对冠心病诊断有较大的预测价值.     

高血压病患者合并颈动脉粥样硬化与血清高敏C反应蛋白的相关性研究

目的 研究合并颈动脉粥样硬化的高血压病患者血清高敏C反应蛋白（hscRP）的变化，探讨两者之间的相关性。方法 对来院就诊的188例原发性高血压患者进行颈动脉超声检查，测量颈总动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）、观察有无颈动脉斑块形成，从而判断有无颈动脉粥样硬化；同时进行血清hsCRP浓度的测定。分析血清hsCRP与颈动脉粥样硬化、颈总动脉内中膜厚度、颈动脉斑块形成之间的关系。结果 ①合并颈动脉粥样硬化的高血压病患者血清hsCRP显著高于无颈动脉病变者（P〈0．01）。②颈总动脉内中膜增厚者血清hsCRP高于颈总动脉内中膜正常者（P〈0．05）；有颈动脉斑块的患者血清hsCRP明显高于无颈动脉斑块的患者（P〈0．01）。结论 高血压病合并颈动脉粥样硬化尤其是颈动脉斑块患者的血清hsCRP显著高于无颈动脉病变者，说明血清hsCRP与高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的发生有一定相关性，炎症反应可能参与了高血压病颈动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与胱抑素C的相关性

目的研究高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Cys C)水平的相关性。方法选择2012年1¹2月荆州市第三人民医院住院的高血压患者420例,根据颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(IMT)的测量判断患者是否有颈动脉粥样硬化,以此进行分组。应用全自动生化仪对两组患者血液标本进行Cys C检测,比较两组Cys C的差异。结果 IMT的测量结果显示,颈动脉粥样硬化196例,非颈动脉粥样硬化224例,随之列为两组。颈动脉粥样硬化组的Cys C水平组显著高于非颈动脉粥样硬化组[(3.48±0.38)mg/L vs(1.76±0.12)mg/L],两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高血压合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者Cys C明显升高,与患者颈动脉粥样硬化具有相关性。     

老年高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与超敏C反应蛋白的关系

目的研究老年高血压病合并颈动脉粥样硬化的患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hsCRP)的变化,探讨2者之间的相关性。方法对首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院就诊的95例老年高血压患者进行颈动脉超声检查,测量颈总动脉内中膜厚度(intimal-medial thickness,IMT),观察有无颈动脉斑块形成,判断有无颈动脉粥样硬化,同时进行血清hsCRP浓度的测定。分析血清hsCRP与颈动脉粥样硬化、颈总动脉内中膜厚度及颈动脉斑块形成之间的关系。结果合并颈动脉粥样硬化的老年高血压患者血清hsCRP明显高于无颈动脉硬化的老年高血压患者且差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。结论老年高血压病合并颈动脉粥样硬化尤其是颈动脉斑块患者的血清hsCRP显著高于无颈动脉病变者,说明血清hsCRP与老年高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的发生有一定相关性,炎性反应可能参与了高血压病颈动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

慢性肾衰竭患者微炎症状态与脂蛋白(a)及动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨慢性肾衰竭患者微炎症状态与脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]及动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法检测60例慢性肾衰竭患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、Lp(a)并与健康对照组比较,同时对患者行颈动脉B超检测;分析其微炎症状态及其与脂蛋白(a)、颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。结果患者血清CRP和Lp(a)水平均高于对照组(P<0.01);患者血清CRP水平≥4 mg/L比<4 mg/L其平均颈总动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)、粥样斑块发生率明显升高(P<0.01)。血Lp(a)与CRP、平均IMT、粥样斑块发生率呈明显正相关(P<0.01)。结论慢性肾衰竭患者存在微炎症状态,这种微炎症状态可能通过某种途径导致Lp(a)代谢异常从而参与了慢性肾衰竭动脉粥样硬化并发症的发生与发展。     

血尿酸水平与老年高血压患者颈动脉硬化关系探讨

目的:探讨血尿酸(UA)与老年高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化病变的关系.方法:将90例老年高血压患者按血UA水平分为A组(血UA<300 μmol/L)23例,B组(血UA300～399 μmol/L) 25例,C组(血UA400～499 μmol/L)23例, D组(血UA>500 μmol/L) 19例,20例血UA<300 μmol/L的正常老年人为对照(对照组),应用彩色多普勒超声检测其颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)、粥样硬化斑块,同时检测血脂、UA及C反应蛋白(CRP).结果:高血压组的IMT较对照组明显增厚,P<0.01;动脉粥样斑块的检出率明显增高,P<0.05;且血UA高的高血压患者的IMT较血UA正常的高血压者明显增厚(P<0.05).结论:高UA高血压、及脂质代谢紊乱均是颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素.     

急性脑梗死与颈动脉硬化斑块及C反应蛋白的相关性

目的:探讨急性脑梗死与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)之间的相互关系。方法:应用彩色多普勒超声检测仪对68例住院的急性脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及68例同期门诊健康体检者(对照组)进行颈动脉超声检查,观测颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)、粥样斑块类型,同时检测血清CRP水平。结果:脑梗死组血清CRP、颈动脉IMT及粥样硬化斑块检出率较对照组明显增加(P<0.05);脑梗死组不稳定性斑块、稳定性斑块及无斑块组血清CRP水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高CRP组的脑梗死患者神经功能评分、致残率和死亡率均明显高于低CRP组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:颈动脉IMT、粥样硬化斑块类型、血清CRP与急性脑梗死关系密切,CRP能间接反映颈动脉粥样硬化的程度及粥样硬化斑块的稳定性,是脑梗死病情轻重和预测预后的有效指标。     

c-反应蛋白与高血压颈动脉粥样硬化相关性分析

目的:探讨炎症标记物c-反应蛋白(CRP)与高血压病患者中颈动脉粥样硬化发生的关系。方法:对入选的120例原发性高血压病患者进行颈动脉超声检查测量颈总动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)及动脉粥样硬化程度,并进行血清CRP定量检测。根据患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血清CRP水平比较。结果:随IMT增大,CRP浓度增高;高血压级别越高,IMT越大,CRP越高;粥样斑块级别越高,CRP浓度越高。结论:原发性高血压病患者血清CRP水平与颈动脉IMT、斑块级别呈正相关;CRP可作为了解动脉粥样硬化程度、指导治疗、判断预后的指标。     

颈动脉粥样硬化预测冠心病的临床价值

目的 探讨颈动脉粥样硬化预测冠心病(CHD)的临床价值.方法 采用高分辨率超声测定86例CHD和46例正常对照者颈动脉内中膜厚度和斑块积分.结果 CHD组斑块发生率明显高于对照组(77.9%vs17.4%,P＜0.01).CHD多支病变组平均颈动脉内中膜厚度(mIMTc)较单支病变组明显增厚[(0.99+0.17)mm vs(0.85±0.15)mm,P＜0.01],其斑块积分也较单支病变组高[(2.68±1.82)vs(1.60±1.27),P＜0.05].以mIMTc≥0.85 mm预测CHD的有无,其敏感性为72.1%,特异性为76.1%,总符合率73.5%(97/132).结论 高频超声能准确测量颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块情况,颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化密切相关,颈动脉粥样硬化程度可间接反映冠状动脉病变的程度.     

高血压患者颈动脉内中膜厚度与血清C-反应蛋白的相关性研究

目的通过测定高血压病患者与健康正常人血清中C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度及颈动脉内中膜厚度（IMT），探讨高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血清C反应蛋白的相关性。方法选择105例高血压病患者，其中男性55例，女性50例，平均年龄57．8±5．2岁，同时选择65例同期健康体检者作为对照组，其中男性36例，女性29例，平均年龄56．4±5．1岁，用免疫浊度法测定C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度，应用B型超声检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）及粥样斑块，然后分析C反应蛋白浓度变化与高血压病患者收缩压及舒张压的关系，C反应蛋白浓度与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）的关系。结果高血压病组CRP浓度、颈动脉内中膜厚度显著高于正常对照组，随着颈动脉内中膜增厚，C反应蛋白亦增高，各组之间差异均有显著性（P≤0．01）。结论高血压病患者血清C反应蛋白浓度增高与颈动脉内中膜厚度关系密切；C反应蛋白浓度与颈动脉内中膜厚度两者之间存在一定的相关性；高血压级别越高，IMT及CRP浓度越大，不同级别间的差异有显著性（P〈0．05），C反应蛋白如同TC、TG、IMT一样与高血压患者中的动脉粥样硬化程度有关，C反应蛋白浓度随着高血压级别增大有增高的趋势，炎症反应可能参与了高血压病的发生、发展；降低C反应蛋白浓度，抑制炎症反应可能阻止动脉粥样硬化进展。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.