sDR5封闭TRAIL减少内毒素引起小鼠肝细胞凋亡

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)在内毒素诱导小鼠肝细胞凋亡中的作用.方法 内毒素作用于可溶性死亡受体-5(sDR5)封闭TRAIL的小鼠,不同时间检测小鼠血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和乳酸脱氧酶(LDH)的含量;HE染色及Annexin V、PI双染法流式细胞术检测小鼠肝细胞凋亡;免疫组织化学法及流式细胞术检测小鼠肝细胞和肝细胞膜表面DR5的表达.结果 内毒素可以上调肝细胞DR5的表达.DR5封闭TRAIL可显著抑制内毒素引起的小鼠肝细胞凋亡和改善肝细胞损伤.结论 内毒素引起疾病过程中TRAIL起重要作用.     

心力衰竭患者血浆sTRAIL和sDR5的水平及培哚普利对其影响

目的 :探讨充血性心力衰竭 (CHF)患者血浆可溶型TNF相关的凋亡诱导配体 (sTRAIL)和死亡受体DR5水平的变化及与培哚普利对心脏保护的关系。方法 :用ELISA法检测治疗前后 30例服用培哚普利的CHF患者、2 8例常规治疗的CHF患者及 2 0例健康人对照血浆中sTRAIL及sDR5的水平。结果 :① 5 8例CHF患者血浆sTRAIL的平均含量为 (1.4 3± 0 .4 7)μg/L ,健康人为 (0 .93± 0 .12 ) μg/L ,两者无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ;sTRAIL水平与心功能损害程度亦无明显关系。CHF患者血浆sDR5的平均含量为 (39.6 7± 6 .78)ng/L ,较健康人 (<6ng/L)明显升高 ,且随着心功能损害程度的加重而升高。②培哚普利组与常规心衰治疗组治疗后 ,血浆中sTRAIL的水平均有所降低 ,但无显著性差异。治疗前后培哚普利组血浆sDR5的平均水平 ,分别为 (31.2 3± 10 .16 )ng/L和 (8.5 0± 2 .14 )ng/L(P <0 .0 5 ) ;常规治疗组分别为 (48.81± 8.74 )ng/L和 (2 6 .6 4± 6 .2 7)ng/L(P <0 .0 5 )。培哚普利组与常规治疗组相比较 ,前者降低更明显 (分别下降 72 .7%和 4 5 .4 % )。③与其他病因所致CHF患者相比较 ,高血压心脏病所致CHF患者血浆sDR5的水平明显升高。结论 :sDR5可能在CHF患者心肌细胞凋亡的发生、发展中起着重要作用。培哚普利可降低C     

TRAIL联合紫杉醇诱导胃腺癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡作用研究

目的:观察紫杉醇联合肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)诱导人胃腺癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡的作用及其协同作用机制。方法:将TRAIL、紫杉醇及TRAIL联合紫杉醇诱导SGC-7901细胞48小时,用流式细胞仪(FCM)检测细胞凋亡率和线粒体跨膜电位的改变;用MTT法检测SGC-7901细胞增殖反应;用免疫印迹(Westernblot)法检测TRAIL死亡受体DR4(TRAIL-R1)、DR5(TRAIL-R2)的表达变化。结果:TRAIL和/或紫杉醇对SGC-7901细胞增殖有抑制作用,两者联合用药组对细胞增殖的抑制率较单独用药明显增加(P<0.01);联合用药组细胞凋亡率较单独用药组明显增加(P<0.01);0.3μmol/L紫杉醇作用48小时后,DR4表达明显升高(P<0.05),而DR5表达没有明显改变(P>0.05)。结论:紫杉醇可协同TRAIL诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡,DR4表达增加可能是其协同作用的机制。     

抗人DR5单克隆抗体的制备及其生物活性分析

死亡受体5（Death receptor 5，DR5）为肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（TNF—related apoptosis inducing ligand，TRAIL）的特异性、高亲和力受体之一，分为膜结合型与可溶型（Soluble DR5，sDR5）。前者与TRAIL结合后可向细胞内传导凋亡信号，而sDR5因缺乏跨膜区域，虽然可与TRAIL相结合，但不能向细胞内传导凋亡信号。     

重组人可溶性TRAIL的制备及其联合硼替佐米诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡作用

目的:构建重组人肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体(tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand,TRAIL)原核表达质粒p ET-28a(+)-TRAIL114-281,优化蛋白表达和纯化条件,制备重组人可溶性TRAIL并鉴定其活性。方法:使用CCK-8初步验证TRAIL是否具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长的生物活性;将制备的TRAIL单独或联合50 nmol/L硼替佐米应用于H460细胞(对TRAIL敏感)和K562细胞(对TRAIL抵抗)24 h,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测caspase-8、-9、-3的活化程度,Western blot分析细胞中Bax、Bcl-2和c FLIP蛋白的表达。流式细胞术检测硼替佐米处理H460细胞和K562细胞24 h后DR4和DR5的表达量变化。结果:制备了具有生物学活性且性质稳定的重组人可溶性TRAIL,且成功诱导H460和K562细胞凋亡。不同浓度TRAIL处理H460细胞后其凋亡率随着TRAIL浓度升高而显著升高(P0.05),但K562细胞凋亡率并未随着TRAIL浓度明显升高。联合用药组的H460和K562细胞凋亡率均显著高于单独用药组(P0.05),凋亡过程中caspase-8、-9、-3均被活化,药物处理组的Bcl-2和c FLIP表达量均比对照组下降,尤其联合用药组表达量下降最为显著(P0.05),而Bax表达量无明显变化。硼替佐米处理H460和K562细胞后DR4和DR5表达量均上调(P0.05)。结论:硼替佐米能协同TRAIL启动内源性凋亡途径诱导H460和K562细胞凋亡,其可能机制是通过上调死亡受体DR4和DR5的表达量、下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和c FLIP的表达量来实现的。     

急性心肌梗死早期患者血清可溶型TRAIL和IL-10水平变化规律及二者的相关性

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)早期患者血清可溶型TRAIL(sTRAIL)和IL-10水平变化与AMI后心肌损伤的关系及可能机制。方法:采用ELISA法检测40例发病6小时以内的AMI患者和20例对照组血清sTRAIL与IL-10的水平,观察两者在AMI早期的变化并行相关性研究。结果:AMI组血清sTRAIL水平较之对照组血清sTRAIL水平显著升高(P<0.01);AMI组血清IL-10水平较之对照组血清IL-10水平明显降低(P<0.01);AMI组血清sTRAIL与IL-10水平呈明显负相关(R2=0.289,P<0.01)。结论:sTRAIL及其受体可能通过介导心肌细胞凋亡参与AMI后的心肌损伤;AMI患者血清IL-10水平的下降可能与sTRAIL水平升高有关。     

TRAIL诱导HBV转染肝癌细胞BEL-7402凋亡的作用及机制研究

目的　研究肝癌细胞BEL- 74 0 2感染HBV前后,TRAIL诱导其凋亡的敏感度变化及作用机制。方法　构建含1.1倍HBV全基因组的真核表达载体pcDNA3 1.1HBV ,转染人肝癌细胞BEL -74 0 2 ,G4 18稳定筛选,建立HBVadr亚型体外转染的细胞模型。原位末端标记(TUNEL)检测TRAIL诱导的凋亡反应,并通过设立TRAIL联合其可溶性受体sDR5 (sDR5与TRAIL结合后,可特异性阻断TRAIL诱导凋亡) ,以证实该凋亡是由TRAIL特异性诱导的。琼脂糖凝胶电泳(DNAladder)检测染色体DNA的断裂情况。流式细胞术、半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测HBV感染前后细胞表面TRAIL各受体的表达。双荧光素酶报告基因系统检测抑制凋亡的核转录因子NF κB的活性。结果　成功构建了包含HBV全基因组的真核表达载体pcDNA3 1.1HBV ,转染BEL 74 0 2、经G4 18稳定筛选后得到HBVadr亚型转染的细胞模型BEL 74 0 2 1.1HBV。TRAIL诱导BEL 74 0 2、BEL 74 0 2 pcDNA3及BEL 74 0 2 1.1HBV的凋亡率分别为30 .5 %、2 9.8%和76 % (P <0 .0 1) ;经sDR5特异性阻断后,凋亡率分别为0 .9%、0 .8%和0 .9% ,证明凋亡是由TRAIL特异性诱导的。TRAIL作用2 4h后,琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见BEL- 74 0 2 1.1H-BV较BEL- 74 0 2、BEL 74 0 2 pcDNA3染色体DNA断裂的现象更为明显。无论RNA水平还     

绒毛中TRAIL及其受体的表达与不明原因反复自然流产的相关性的探讨

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体TRAIL及其受体在不明原因早期反复自然流产患者(URSA)绒毛中的表达及二者的相关性。方法选择实验组妊娠45～60 d的URSA患者15例,对照组健康人工流产15例。两组分别取绒毛组织采用免疫组化法检测TRAIL及其受体的表达,进行方差分析和t检验比较两组绒毛组织中TRAIL及其受体蛋白表达水平的差异。结果实验组绒毛组织中TRAIL及其受体DR4、DR5蛋白表达较强,而诱骗受体DcR1及DcR2蛋白与正常对照相比表达较少,P值均小于0.05。结论TRAIL及其受体可能是造成自然流产的机制之一。     

TNF相关的凋亡诱导配体及其受体研究进展

TNF相关的凋亡诱导配体 (TNF- related apoptosis- induicing ligand,TRAIL ) ,属于 TNF超家族成员 ,与 Apo- 1 L (Fas L )有较高的同源性 ,又称为 Apo- 2 L。 TRAIL有两类受体 ,一类是死亡受体 ,如 DR4和 DR5 ,TRAIL与 DR4或 DR5结合可以诱导细胞凋亡 ;另一类是“诱骗”受体 ,如 Dc R1、Dc R2 ,可以竞争性地与 TRAIL结合 ,逃避或抑制 TRAIL诱导的正常细胞损伤。 TRAIL及其受体的发现为肿瘤的治疗提供了一个新的方向。     

欧前胡素通过上调细胞表面死亡受体5的数量增强TRAIL对乳腺癌细胞的杀伤活性

目的:探讨中药活性成分欧前胡素对肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)的协同抗乳腺癌效应及分子机制。方法:将人乳腺癌细胞T-47D和MCF-7按对照组、欧前胡素组、TRAIL组、欧前胡素+TRAIL组及欧前胡素+TRAIL+死亡受体5(DR5)siRNA组进行分组,MTT法检测T-47D和MCF-7细胞活力,流式细胞术检测T-47D细胞凋亡和线粒体膜电位,Western blot实验和流式细胞术检测T-47D细胞表面DR5的表达水平及caspase-8、caspase-3的活化水平。结果:MTT实验结果显示,欧前胡素联合用药能显著提高各浓度TRAIL对T-47D和MCF-7细胞的杀伤活性;流式细胞术和Western blot结果显示欧前胡素处理能显著提高T-47D细胞DR5的表达水平和活性氧簇产生水平(P0.05)。另外,流式细胞术和Western blot结果还显示,欧前胡素联合用药能显著增强TRAIL促进T-47D细胞线粒体膜电位损伤、caspase-8和caspase-3活化及凋亡的作用。结论:欧前胡素通过上调乳腺癌细胞DR5的表达水平发挥对TRAIL的协同抗乳腺癌效应。     

The Effect of N-Nitrosodimethylamine on TRAIL and DR5 Expression in Human Neutrophils—Preliminary Study

The intracellular mechanisms of NDMA-induced apoptosis of neutrophils have not yet been fully understood. The aim of this study was to explain whether the TRAIL/DR5 system is implicated in NDMA-induced apoptosis of human neutrophils. The expression of TRAIL and DR5 was examined, as well as the secretion of sTRAIL and sDR5 by human neutrophils treated with NDMA confronted with intensity apoptosis of these cells. For comparative purposes similar examinations in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were performed. Decreased expression and secretion of TRAIL and increased expression and secretion of DR5 associated with increased intensity of apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) suggest that NDMA-induced apoptosis in these cells may be depend on TRAIL/DR5 system. Autologous PBMCs no exerted that changes in the expression and secretion of TRAIL as well as in the intensity of apoptosis. However, the expression and secretion of DR5 by PBMCs were similar to those by PMNs. Differences above suggest that PMNs are more sensitive to unfavorable action of NDMA than PBMCs.     

The Effect of N-nitrosodimethylamine on TRAIL and DR5 expression in human neutrophils--preliminary study

The intracellular mechanisms of NDMA-induced apoptosis of neutrophils have not yet been fully understood. The aim of this study was to explain whether the TRAIL/DR5 system is implicated in NDMA-induced apoptosis of human neutrophils. The expression of TRAIL and DR5 was examined, as well as the secretion of sTRAIL and sDR5 by human neutrophils treated with NDMA confronted with intensity apoptosis of these cells. For comparative purposes similar examinations in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were performed. Decreased expression and secretion of TRAIL and increased expression and secretion of DR5 associated with increased intensity of apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) suggest that NDMA-induced apoptosis in these cells may be depend on TRAIL/DR5 system. Autologous PBMCs no exerted that changes in the expression and secretion of TRAIL as well as in the intensity of apoptosis. However, the expression and secretion of DR5 by PBMCs were similar to those by PMNs. Differences above suggest that PMNs are more sensitive to unfavorable action of NDMA than PBMCs.     

PMA对Jurkat细胞株中可溶型分泌和膜型TRAIL表达的调节

目的:探讨乙酰肉豆蔻佛波酯(PMA)对Jurkat细胞可溶型TNF相关的凋亡诱导配体(solubletumornecrosisfac tor-relatedapoptosis inducingigand,sTRAIL)分泌和膜型TRAIL(membraneboundTRAIL,mTRAIL)表达的调节,以及二者的细胞毒作用。方法:分别采用ELISA及间接免疫荧光染色和流式细胞术分析,检测sTRAIL的分泌和mTRAIL的表达水平;用4h51Cr释放试验检测sTRAIL和mTRAIL对靶细胞Raji的细胞毒作用。结果:PMA刺激24h后jurkat细胞sTRAIL分泌和mTRAIL的表达均增加,sTRAIL分泌在刺激后48h达峰值,mTRAIL表达峰值在60h。两型TRAIL都具有对Raji细胞的细胞毒作用。结论:PKC活化剂PMA可上调Jurkat细胞sTRAIL分泌和mTRAIL的表达,两型TRAIL分子都具有杀伤靶细胞的细胞毒作用。     

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) acts as an endogenous decoy receptor in tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis of fibroblast-like synovial cells

We examined the role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) on tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS). OPG protein concentrations in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) correlated with those of interleukin (IL)-1beta or IL-6. A similar correlation was present between IL-1beta and IL-6 concentrations. Rheumatoid FLS in vitro expressed both death domain-containing receptors [death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5] and decoy receptors [decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) and DcR2]. DR4 expression on FLS was weak compared with the expression of DR5, DcR1 and DcR2. Recombinant TRAIL (rTRAIL) rapidly induced apoptosis of FLS. DR5 as well as DR4 were functional with regard to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis induction in FLS; however, DR5 appeared be more efficient than DR4. In addition to soluble DR5 (sDR5) and sDR4, OPG administration significantly inhibited TRAIL-induced apoptogenic activity. OPG was identified in the culture supernatants of FLS, and its concentration increased significantly by the addition of IL-1beta in a time-dependent manner. Neither IL-6 nor tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha increased the production of OPG from FLS. TRAIL-induced apoptogenic activity towards FLS was reduced when rTRAIL was added without exchanging the culture media, and this was particularly noticeable in the IL-1beta-stimulated FLS culture; however, the sensitivity of FLS to TRAIL-induced apoptosis itself was not changed by IL-1beta. Interestingly, neutralization of endogenous OPG by adding anti-OPG monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to FLS culture restored TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Our data demonstrate that OPG is an endogenous decoy receptor for TRAIL-induced apoptosis of FLS. In addition, IL-1beta seems to promote the growth of rheumatoid synovial tissues through stimulation of OPG production, which interferes with TRAIL death signals in a competitive manner.     

杭白菊增强TRAIL基因诱导大肠癌细胞凋亡及机制的实验研究

目的：探讨杭白菊提取液对肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体基因（TRAIL）抑制人大肠癌细胞株DLD-1作用的影响及其可能机制。 方法： 杭白菊提取液联合重组腺病毒载体（Ad）介导的TRAIL基因作用于人大肠癌细胞株DLD-1，通过倒置显微镜、MTT比色法和流式细胞仪，研究分析其对DLD-1细胞抑制作用的效果。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和流式细胞术检测杭白菊提取液作用前后DLD-1细胞TRAIL、TRAIL受体（TRAIL-Rs）mRNA以及细胞表面TRAIL蛋白表达的变化。 结果： Ad/hTERT-gTRAIL对DLD-1细胞的生长抑制率和凋亡率分别为31.4%和13.5%；联合杭白菊提取液后，生长抑制率和凋亡率均显著提高，达93.1%和45.4%（P<0.05）。杭白菊提取液作用后DLD-1细胞TRAIL mRNA的表达量从作用前的0.46上调至1.01, 细胞表面TRAIL蛋白表达的百分率从作用前的2.2%升高到5.0%（P<0.05）。TRAIL死亡受体（DR4、DR5）mRNA的表达量分别从0.70和0.22上调至1.10和0.83（P<0.05），而TRAIL诱骗受体（DcR1、DcR2）mRNA的表达量从0.60和1.15下调至0.19和0.78（P<0.05）。 结论： 杭白菊提取液联合重组腺病毒载体（Ad）介导的TRAIL基因(Ad/hTERT-gTRAIL)能有效诱导DLD-1细胞的凋亡。杭白菊提取液上调TRAIL死亡受体表达以及下调TRAIL诱骗受体的表达可能在增强TRAIL诱导的凋亡作用中起着重要作用。     

Increased expression and release of functional tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) by T cells from lupus patients with active disease

Increased expression of TRAIL in membrane-bound and soluble form in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been previously reported. In this study, we characterized the upregulation of T-cell-associated and soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) in vivo and the modulation of TRAIL expression and soluble protein release in vitro following T cell activation and IFNalpha exposure. The expression of membrane-bound TRAIL as determined by flow cytometry was higher on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from lupus patients compared to controls, particularly on activated CD69(+)CD8(+) T cells. Similarly, sTRAIL levels determined by ELISA were significantly elevated in serum from patients with active SLE and correlated with levels of IFNalpha. In vitro, both T-cell-associated and sTRAIL were maximally induced by T cell activation plus IFNalpha in patients and controls. By Western blot analysis, sTRAIL was detected in sera in both the monomeric and multimeric, functional form. Both forms of TRAIL were functional in vitro as determined by Annexin V staining and (51)Cr release assay but the apoptotic activity of membrane TRAIL was 2.5-fold higher compared to that of sTRAIL. These results indicate that IFNalpha-induced enhancement of TRAIL expression and of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis may amplify the abnormal apoptotic process in SLE.