具有主动与被动运动训练功能自动化运动治疗仪的研制

背景:研制自动化运动治疗设备是肢体功能障碍患者和家属的迫切要求,而国外同类产品价格相对昂贵.目前国内外尚无主动运动和被动运动结构合成一体,体现出两者作用相辅的运动治疗仪.目的:应用自行研制的电脑多功能运动治疗仪对脑卒中肢体偏瘫患者进行主动运动和被动运动训练,观察其训练效果.方法:将60例脑卒中肢体偏瘫患者按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组30例.两组患者均采用偏瘫肢体综合训练手法,如Bobath握手、桥式运动、翻身、PNF技术训练、坐位平衡和站立平衡功能训练等.试验组在偏瘫肢体综合训练基础上,采用自行研制的电脑多功能运动治疗仪训练偏瘫侧上下肢体.治疗30 d后采用Brufinsfrom方法评定2组患者运动功能的改善情况,以BartheI指数评定日常生活活动能力的改善情况.结果与结论:与治疗前相比,治疗30 d后2组患者肢体运动功能和日常生活活动能力均有较明显改善,试验组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05).提示采用自行研制的电脑多功能运动治疗仪对脑卒中后偏瘫患者进行运动训练有利于其偏瘫肢体运动功能的恢复,从而提高其生活质量;应根据患者具体病情制定个体化康复治疗方案,尽早应用于脑卒中偏瘫患者的康复治疗中.     

Mobilization with movement applied to the elbow affects shoulder range of movement in subjects with lateral epicondylalgia

Clinical observations have suggested a relationship between shoulder range of movement (ROM) and lateral epicondylalgia. This study reports the effect of a single intervention of a mobilization with movement (MWM) applied to the elbow, on shoulder rotation ROM in subjects with lateral epicondylalgia. Twenty-three subjects with lateral epicondylalgia were included. In a one-group pretest-post-test design, ROM of shoulder internal and external rotation were measured by goniometer before and after the application of the MWM, of both the unaffected and the affected limbs. Significant differences in pre-intervention external rotation ROM were found between unaffected and affected shoulders of subjects with lateral epicondylalgia, but no significant difference remained post-intervention. It may be concluded that restriction of shoulder rotation ROM is present in patients with lateral epicondylalgia, probably due to a facilitated level of shoulder rotator muscle tone. Shoulder internal and external rotation ROM increases significantly following MWM to the elbow, in subjects with unilateral lateral epicondylalgia. Surprisingly, these ROM increases are also apparent on the 'unaffected' limb. These findings suggest that the MWM causes a neurophysiologically mediated decrease in resting muscle tone.     

高压氧联合运动想象和舱内运动治疗脑梗死偏瘫病人的研究

[目的]探讨高压氧联合运动想象和舱内运动治疗对脑梗死偏瘫病人神经功能恢复的效果。[方法]将60例脑梗死偏瘫病人随机分为两组,治疗组30例,在高压氧治疗稳压阶段联合运动想象和舱内运动治疗;对照组30例,行常规高压氧治疗。[结果]两组治疗前后MMT肌力分极、Brunnstrom功能分期、改良巴氏指数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]高压氧联合运动想象和舱内运动治疗脑梗死偏瘫,可让病人在轻松愉快的心情下接受治疗,并明显增加疗效,减少后遗症。     

Pediatric constraint-induced movement therapy in a young child with minimal active arm movement.

This study describes a single-subject design (ABA with follow-up evaluation) that demonstrated the possible effective use of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) in producing gains in movement and function for a 24-month-old child with chronic hemiparesis. The noninvolved upper extremity was placed in a removable splint for 21 consecutive days. The child was involved in intensive occupational therapy in the home environment. Daily measurements were completed on the use and quality of motion of the involved upper extremity for eight specific fine and gross motor activities. Change in performance and quality of movement were measured and significant at the p < .05 level with the calculation of the C statistic for the motor activities with gains maintained after completion of the treatment and postsplinting phases. The results of the study contribute to the body of evidence finding CIMT to be effective for increasing movement and function in children with hemiparesis.     

Physical fitness in children with movement difficulties

Objective

This study examined physical fitness in 9- and 10-year-old children with and without movement difficulties.

Design

The whole sample of children completed the Test of Physical Fitness, which included nine component tasks.

Setting

School sports hall of participating children.

Participants

An initial sample of 67 children was ranked on their scores from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children. The 12 children with the highest scores were designated the group with movement difficulties, and the 12 children with the lowest scores constituted the comparison group.

Results

Significant differences between the group with movement difficulties and the comparison group were found for all nine tasks and the total score for the Test of Physical Fitness.

Conclusion

The relatively poor performance of the group with movement difficulties is hypothesised to result from their lower levels of physical activity. Poor physical fitness in these children is an important concern for present and future health status.     

肾挫伤时肾呼吸移动度改变的超声影像研究

目的肾呼吸移动度改变对肾挫伤的超声影像研究方法。方法肾挫伤106例,病人随机分二组,常规组:常规肾超声检查,实验组:加测肾呼吸移动度。结果常规组:肾体积增大62例,肾周血肿36例,肾实质声像图改变32例,超声诊断率为62%;实验组:肾呼吸移动度减弱或消失率达98.1%,对比组之间的差异具有非常显著性意义P<0.001。结论当外伤病人有血尿时,常规超声、CT、肾盂造影检查无明显异常,并不等于没有肾挫伤的存在,应注意用超声检查肾呼吸移动度改变,其特异性达98.1%。     

Counting gross fetal movement using a fetal movement acceleration measurement recorder in two fetuses with gastroschisis

We used the fetal movement acceleration measurement recorder to count gross fetal movement in two fetuses with gastroschisis. In conclusion, both fetuses moved as much as normal fetuses, which suggested that normal fetal movement could indicate reassuring status also in fetuses with malformation when they have normal neurological developments.     

Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in patients with movement disorders

Autonomic dysfunction is common in parkinsonian syndromes, particularly those involving dysregulation of alpha-synuclein, and may result from neurodegeneration in autonomic regulatory regions of the brain or peripherial autonomic ganglia. The most limiting cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in these diseases is orthostatic hypotension, which is particularly prominent in multiple system atrophy. Postprandial hypotension and supine hypertension, as well as dopaminergic therapy, often complicate the management of orthostatic hypotension in patients with parkinsonian syndromes.     

Planning rehabilitation with elements of active movement for brain-damaged patients

Background. Much research has been done in recent years on optimizing rehabilitation by increasing effectiveness, shortening hospitalization, and reducing cost. One of the more interesting solutions that has been proposed is rehabilitation with elements of active movement, conducted on the basis of strategic planning in cooperation with the patient. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategic approach to the motor rehabilitation of persons with brain damage. Material and methods. We studied 36 brain-damaged patients, divided into two groups paired for age and gender. In the control group of 18 persons, traditional, comprehensive rehabilitation was used. The experimental group was rehabilitated based on an individualized strategic plan with motor elements. Outcome was evaluated by clinical observation, the Polish version of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and the Self-Evaluating Scale of Progress in Rehabilitation. Results. Progress was seen in both groups on many FIM parameters, which points to the effectiveness of the techniques used in the standard program; however, the results in Group E were significantly better in terms of functional independence and psycho-social functioning. The patients from Group E were much more satisfied with what they had accomplished than the controls. Conclusions. Rehabilitation planning with elements of active movement maximizes the benefits obtained from the methods used. The strategic approach helps the patient become more independent, increases patient satisfaction, and improves motivation to take an active part in exercises.     

Feasibility of implementing a meditative movement intervention with bariatric patients

Successful interventions are needed to help improve obesity rates in the United States. Roughly two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight, and almost one-third are obese. In 1991, the National Institutes of Health released a consensus statement endorsing bariatric surgery as the only means for sustainable weight loss for severely obese patients. However, approximately one-third of bariatric patients will experience significant post surgical weight gain.Purpose of studyThis study is designed to determine if meditative movement (MM) would be a feasible physical activity (PA) modality to initiate weight loss in bariatric surgery patients who have re-gained weight.Methods usedA feasibility study was recently completed in 39 bariatric patients at Scottsdale Bariatric Center (SBC) during regularly scheduled bariatric support groups at SBC. A short demonstration of MM was presented after which a short focus group was conducted to gauge interest level, acceptability and the potential demand for MM programs in this population. Attitudes and intentions surrounding MM were also collected.FindingsApproximately 75% of participants indicated they would consider practicing MM as part of their post surgical PA routine.ConclusionsMM may be a feasible PA modality in bariatric patients to improve bariatric surgery weight outcomes.