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1.
Hepatic parenchymal enhancement in the cirrhotic liver: evaluation by triple-phase dynamic MRI 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Background: To evaluate the changes of liver parenchymal enhancement in the cirrhotic liver by means of triple-phase dynamic magnetic
resonance (MR) imaging.
Methods: Triple-phase multisection dynamic MR imaging was performed in 32 patients with liver cirrhosis. The control group consisted
of 19 patients without liver cirrhosis. After precontrast images were obtained, arterial phase images were acquired 20 s after
the start of intravenous bolus administration of 0.10 mmol/kg of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Portal and delayed phase images
were then acquired 1 and 3 min, respectively, after the injection of contrast material. On each phase image, the signal-to-noise
ratio (S/N) from the liver parenchyma was measured by operator-defined regions of interest (ROIs). The contrast-enhanced ratio
(CER) on each phase was then obtained according to the following formula: [S/N(arterial or portal or delayed phase image)
− S/N(precontrast image)]÷ S/N(precontrast image). The portal perfusion index (PPI) also was obtained according to the following
formula: [S/N(portal phase image − S/N(arterial phase image)]÷ S/N(arterial phase image). The results were expressed as mean
± SD.
Results: The CERs of arterial, portal, and delayed phase images in patients with and without liver cirrhosis were 0.256 ± 0.211, 0.640
± 0.384, and 0.554 ± 0.318 and 0.132 ± 0.094, 0.404 ± 0.204, and 0.324 ± 0.144, respectively. The CERs were highest in the
portal phase and lowest in the arterial phase in patients with and without liver cirrhosis. The CER of the cirrhotic liver
was significantly higher than that of the normal liver in every phase (p < 0.05). PPIs with and without liver cirrhosis were 2.90 ± 4.03 and 3.86 ± 3.89, respectively. The PPI with liver cirrhosis was
significantly lower than that without liver cirrhosis (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The enhancement of cirrhotic liver parenchyma is greater than that of the normal liver parenchyma at every phase of triple-phase
dynamic MR imaging.
Received: 17 August 2000/Revision accepted: 7 March 2001 相似文献
2.
Struma ovarii: MR appearances 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background: Analysis of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images of struma ovarii, a rare benign neoplasm of the
ovary, is the aim of this study.
Methods: T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MR images of five histologically proven struma ovarii were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: In all patients, unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images showed complex cystic masses composed of multiple
cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles. In four patients, the cyst fluid
was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. In one patient, the fluid was hyperintense on
T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images due to hemorrhage.
Conclusion: A complex mass composed of multiple cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles,
appeared to be a characteristic MR finding of struma ovarii.
Received: 11 December 1995/Accepted: 15 December 1995 相似文献
3.
The purpose of our report is to describe a spectrum of findings of celiac disease at MR enterography. MR enterography is a
non-invasive, feasible, and reproducible imaging technique for the evaluation of small bowel. Findings on MR enterography,
similar to those of conventional barium studies, may suggest a diagnosis of celiac disease. 相似文献
4.
Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: serial MRI with Gd-DOTA,superparamagnetic iron oxide,and Gd-EOB-DTPA 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Background: To demonstrate the improved specificity of liver MRI in diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) using liver specific
contrast agents.
Methods: In a patient after resected adenosarcoma of the uterus a focal nodular hyperplasia was followed. Serial MRI of the liver
was performed using first Gd-DOTA, followed by superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) as well as Gd-EOB-DTPA.
Results: During the follow-up of FNH specificity of liver MRI improved using liver specific contrast agents. The central scar as well
as the pseudocapsule showed different typical contrast uptake using all three methods.
Conclusion: Serial MRI of the liver with Gd-DOTA, SPIO and Gd-EOB-DTPA can exclude a malignant liver lesion. Liver biopsy of FNH can
be avoided with increased specificity of MRI for FNH.
Received: 15 December 1995/Accepted: 17 January 1996 相似文献
5.
Fan-shaped hepatic parenchymal damage after ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: MRI appearances 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
T. Fujita K. Honjo K. Ito T. Arita S. Koike K. Takano S. Tamura T. Matsumoto N. Matsunaga 《Abdominal imaging》1999,24(1):56-60
Background: T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images frequently show fan-shaped areas of hypo- or hyperintensity in the hepatic
parenchyma adjacent to a treated hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy. These areas
correspond to abnormal contrast enhancement on serial dynamic MR images. The purpose of the present study was to describe
the location, appearance, and frequency of these abnormalities because it is important to understand these entities for the
correct assessment of therapeutic efficacy.
Methods: MR imaging including a multisection dynamic study was performed in 20 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
treated with PEI therapy. We retrospectively evaluated the presence of fan-shaped hypointensities adjacent to treated tumors
in the liver parenchyma on T1-weighted images and hyperintensities on T2-weighted images and corresponding fan-shaped contrast
enhancement on both arterial-dominant and delayed-phase dynamic MR images. We review the location, appearance, and frequency
of these findings, and we discuss the possible causes on the basis of pathologic examinations.
Results: Seven (35%) of the 20 patients showed fan-shaped hyperintense areas adjacent to the treated tumors on T2-weighted images.
These areas showed isointensity in five patients and hypointensity in two patients on T1-weighted images. Of these seven patients,
one (14%) underwent the MR imaging within 1 month after the completion of PEI therapy, and six (86%) had it 2–9 months after
the completion of PEI therapy (mean = 6 months). In all seven patients, fan-shaped hyperperfusion abnormalities corresponding
to these areas of hyperintensity on T2-weighted images were seen on both arterial-dominant and delayed-phase dynamic MR images.
Pathologically, the coagulative necrosis of the hepatocytes with sinusoidal dilatation and the restoration by the development
of fibrous tissue were seen in these fan-shaped areas.
Conclusion: The fan-shaped areas of abnormal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images and contrast enhancement on dynamic MR images seem
to be attributable to pathologic changes in the normal liver parenchyma induced by the toxic reaction of ethanol. Awareness
of the occurrence of such abnormalities in the peripheral liver parenchyma adjacent to the treated tumor is important for
the correct assessment of therapeutic efficacy.
RID="ID="<e5>Correspondence to:</e5> T. Fujita
Received: 24 June 1997/Accepted after revision: 22 October 1997 相似文献
6.
Rarely, hepatic metastases can simulate hepatic infiltrative diseases. We present a case of a patient with advanced metastatic
renal cell carcinoma who developed hepatomegaly and clinical signs of hepatocellular injury. On magnetic resonance imaging,
the injury simulated a diffuse process, e.g., acute fulminant viral or chemical hepatitis or drug toxicity. Despite its high
resolution, magnetic resonance imaging might not depict focal lesions in patients with extensive metastases. In correlation
with clinical history, malignant disease should be considered when diffusely abnormal hepatic signal intensity is noted.
Received: 2 April 2001/Revision accepted: 21 April 2001 相似文献
7.
Virtual cystoscopy of the bladder based on CT and MRI data 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Carcinoma of the bladder can be a serious and complex condition that is not always easy to diagnose with radiologic methods.
Numerous investigations are available to establish the diagnosis and demonstrate extravesical manifestations. This article
updates the role of virtual cystoscopy based on computed tomographic (CT) data at different dose levels and magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) data in the diagnosis of the carcinoma of the bladder. The appearances of normal bladder and polypoid bladder
carcinoma are shown. Factors for improvement of both virtual procedures are presented and pitfalls are discussed. New developments
in CT, MRI, and postprocessing procedures are discussed. The value of virtual cystoscopy in sizing, localizing, and staging
of bladder carcinoma is described and compared with cystoscopy, axial CT, and MRI. 相似文献
8.
Malignant fibrous histocytoma of the inferior vena cava: appearances on contrast-enhanced spiral CT and MRI 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N. L. Kelekis R. C. Semelka M. L. Hill D. C. Meyers P. L. Molina 《Abdominal imaging》1996,21(5):461-463
Primary malignant tumors of the inferior vena cava are infrequent. We report a very rare case of primary malignant fibrous
histiocytoma of the inferior vena cava and describe the contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomographic and magnetic resonance
imaging findings.
Received: 16 March 1995/Accepted: 23 April 1995 相似文献
9.
A case of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma with the presentation of chronic hemoptysis and lung mass without evident jaundice is reported. Exophytic spread of hepatobiliary disease through the diaphragm through perihepatic ligaments is described as the possible route of invasion of the tumor. Received: 16 January 1998/Revision accepted: 17 June 1998 相似文献
10.
A. S. Thurmond 《Abdominal imaging》1997,22(6):551-556
Fellowships, which consist of training in predominantly breast imaging and in gynecologic and obstetric sonography, have
steadily increased in number since 1992. There are currently 10 such fellowships, and the majority of these are called ``women's
imaging fellowships.' All 19 fellows (100%) trained between 1992 and 1996 have immediately gained employment upon completion
of the training, compared with the 86% employment rate of radiology fellows in general. Indications are that women's imaging
fellowships will continue to provide subspecialists in radiology oriented to the imaging requests of obstetrician-gynecologists
and other physicians who take care of women.
Received: 0/0/0/Accepted: 0/0/0 相似文献
11.
Endorectal surface coil MR imaging as a staging technique for rectal carcinoma: a comparison study to rectal endosonography 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Background: Preoperative staging of rectal cancer is critical for guiding therapy and prescribing the most appropriate treatment option.
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the accuracy of endorectal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging (ERSCMRI)
with endosonography (EUS) in staging rectal lesions.
Methods: Fourteen patients with rectal carcinoma, initially detected by barium enema or sigmoidoscopy underwent ERSCMRI and EUS. Subsequent
resection of the lesions was performed, and the staging accuracies of these two modalities are compared.
Results: MR T-staging agreement with pathologic T-staging was similar to that of EUS, but MR enabled more accurate identification
of nodal involvement.
Conclusion: ERSCMRI produced greater overall accuracy in staging for rectal carcinoma than did EUS.
Received: 10 September 1998/Revision accepted: 10 February 1999 相似文献
12.
M. Mori T. Fukuda K. Nagayoshi S. Kohzaki N. Matsunaga K. Hayashi K. Motojima T. Kanematsu 《Abdominal imaging》1996,21(4):337-341
We studied the value of short-TI inversion-recovery (STIR) imaging for the localization of pancreatic insulinoma. Four patients
(three women and one man aged 35–65 years) with surgically proven insulinoma were included in this study. All patients were
examined by MR imaging with spin echo (SE) and STIR sequences. The STIR images were compared with the histopathologic findings
in each case. In two patients, the tumors were markedly hyperintense on STIR images, and a 5-mm insulinoma was depicted only
by this imaging method in one of the two. In the other two patients, 10-mm insulinomas were only slightly hyperintense on
STIR images. The latter tumors had a higher content of collagen fibers than the former, indicating that the amount of collagen
influences the signal intensity of insulinoma. Despite some limitations, STIR imaging is a useful noninvasive method for the
localization of pancreatic insulinoma.
Received: 11 October 1994/Accepted after revision: 10 April 1995 相似文献
13.
Takayama Y Moriura S Nagata J Hirano A Ishiguro S Tabata T Matsumoto T Sato T 《Abdominal imaging》2002,27(2):180-183
We present two cases of hepatic angiomyolipoma. Histologic analysis showed that mature adipose tissue occupied 79.0% of the
area on the largest cut surface in the first case and 40.2% in the second case. We suggest that the difference in the ratio
of adipose tissue volume to its distribution is reflected on diagnostic images.
Received: 8 February 2001/Revision accepted: 4 April 2001 相似文献
14.
H. Irie H. Honda K. Kaneko T. Kuroiwa T. Fukuya K. Yshimitsu H. Aibe K. Kasuda 《Abdominal imaging》1996,21(5):448-450
A case of primary lymphoma in the porta hepatis is presented here. Cholangiography, angiography, ultrasonography and computed
tomography suggested the presence of a mass in the porta hepatis, but all these failed to demonstrate the tumor clearly. Magnetic
resonance imaging was very useful in defining the characteristics of the tumor and in delineating its extent, though it was
not specifically diagnostic.
Received: 28 March 1995/Accepted: 4 May 1995 相似文献
15.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: multidetector row helical CT 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
16.
R. A. Huch Böni C. Meyenberger J. Pok Lundquist F. Trinkler U. Lütolf G. P. Krestin 《Abdominal imaging》1996,21(4):345-352
Background: To compare endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with body coil MRI in detecting local recurrence of gynecologic
tumors and prostate and rectal cancers.
Methods: Forty-six patients with suspected recurrent pelvic malignancies (13 gynecologic, 15 prostatic, and 18 anorectal primaries)
were enrolled in the study. Axial T1- and T2-weighted body coil images and T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted axial endorectal
coil images were obtained on a 1.5 T system. Results of the MR examinations were compared with histogical findings and follow-up
examinations with respect to the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic confidence for assessment or exclusion of local recurrence.
Results: Recurrent disease was histologically confirmed in eight patients with primary gynecologic malignancies, seven with suspected
prostatic recurrence, and seven with suspected anorectal recurrence. Overall, accuracy of body coil MRI was 67% for gynecologic
tumors, 36% for prostatic recurrences, and 59% for rectal recurrences. T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted endorectal sequences
yielded similar results, with an accuracy of 73% for depiction of gynecologic recurrence, 77% for prostatic recurrence, and
77% for rectal recurrence. The difference in accuracy between body coil and endorectal coil examinations was statistically
significant (p < 0.05) only for prostatic cancer. Diagnostic confidence was, however, significantly improved (p < 0.05) in all tumors (T2-weighted endorectal coil examination was superior to T2-weighted body coil images in 71% of cases).
Conclusion: Although the results of endorectal coil MRI are only slightly superior to those of body coil MRI for the detection of recurrent
gynecologic and anorectal tumors, diagnosis can be made with greater diagnostic confidence in many cases. For detection of
prostatic recurrence, endorectal MRI is highly recommended.
Received: 27 April 1995/Accepted: 17 June 1995 相似文献
17.
A. Schulman 《Abdominal imaging》1998,23(1):60-66
Background: To determine the range of ultrasonographic (US) appearances of Ascaris lumbricoides roundworms in the biliary system, their distribution in the intra- and extrahepatic parts of the system, and associated features.
Methods: All cases of biliary ascariasis during a 10-year period were reviewed. There were 42 cases in which diagnosis was based on
established US criteria, and 2 cases diagnosed surgically in which US had been negative. These 44 cases occurred in 36 patients.
Results: In the US-diagnosed cases, worms were present in intrahepatic ducts in 32 cases, in the main duct in 37, and in the gallbladder
in eight. In six cases, the liver was lifted off the main portal vein by a bundle of worms obliterating the lumen of the main
bile duct. Worms packing and dilating intrahepatic ducts produced pseudotumorous appearances in the liver in four cases and
bundlelike appearances in three. Worms were also seen in the pancreatic duct in two cases. Stones in intrahepatic ducts were
present in 12 patients.
Conclusion: Biliary ascariasis should be searched for inside and outside the liver. The appearances of bundles and boluses are different
from those of single worms. Intra- and extrahepatic biliary stones may be present.
Received: 7/30/96/Accepted: 9/4/96 相似文献
18.
Cirrhosis: spectrum of findings on unenhanced and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The appearance of the cirrhotic liver on computed tomography can be difficult to evaluate and can frustrate the radiologist
distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. Hepatic edema, fibrosis, atrophy, and vascular abnormalities are common in the
cirrhotic liver and produce derangements in morphology, attenuation, and perfusion, limiting the accurate characterization
of hepatic masses. With the development of fast magnetic resonance (MR) sequences and dynamic postgadolinium-enhanced imaging,
most hepatic lesions with uncertain etiology on computed tomography can be accurately characterized on MR imaging. We describe
MR imaging techniques useful for imaging cirrhosis and its complications. We also illustrate the spectrum of findings in the
cirrhotic liver on dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging, including reticular and confluent fibrosis, fatty infiltration,
hemochromatosis, regenerating nodules, dysplastic nodules, hepatocellular carcinoma, and sequela of portal hypertension.
Received: 16 November 2000/Revision accepted: 7 February 2001 相似文献
19.
K. Matsumoto H. Kurachi T. Murakami Y. Narumi K. Tsuda K. Yoshino H. Nakamura A. Miyake 《Abdominal imaging》1996,21(6):554-556
Vaginal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), although rare, can lead to life-threatening complications. We report the first
case of a vaginal AVM whose diagnosis and follow-up were performed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI findings of the
AVM are the blood flow-related features within the tumor, such as the phase-shift artifact, paradoxical enhancement, and flow
voids.
Received: 10 October 1995/Accepted: 16 October 1995 相似文献
20.
Choriocarcinoma is the most malignant tumor of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. It grows rapidly and metastasizes to
the lung, liver, and, less frequently, to the brain. Renal involvement is rare. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful
modality to image the affected tissues; it contributes to the evaluation and management of the disease. One case of renal
choriocarcinoma with MRI evaluation is reported.
Received: 24 February 1997/Accepted: 14 April 1997 相似文献