10%过氧化氢尿素甘油溶液治疗牙周病的疗效比较

国内外大量微生物学研究证明G厌氧菌是牙周病的主要致病因素。中间类杆菌、产黑色素类杆菌、牙龈炎杆菌、放线菌、具核梭杆菌等在牙周袋内占优势，口服阿莫西林、硝唑类等抗菌药对牙周病的治疗有较好的疗效，但可导致菌群失调，耐药菌的产生等问题，故不宜长时间用于牙周病的治疗，局部用药是目前人们感兴趣的研究方向。作者自行配制10％过氧化氢尿素甘油溶液(GOL)，作为一种抑菌给氧缓释剂用于临床牙周病的治疗，效果满意，报道如下。     

牙周病龈下菌斑厌氧菌培养的初步报告

报道牙周病、牙龈炎及正常牙龈龈下菌斑厌氧菌培养的结果。51例牙周病标本检出146株,其中厌氧菌111株,兼性厌氧菌35株。厌氧菌中革兰氏阴性厌氧菌59株,革兰氏阴性厌氧菌中革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌占优势,其中类杆菌属29株、梭形杆菌属25株。类杆菌属中又以产黑色素类杆菌菌株居多,梭形杆菌属中核梭形杆菌居多为22株,而其他菌株数则较少,我们认为革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌与牙周病的关系是比较密切的。     

伴放线放线杆菌DNA作为口腔疫苗佐剂的可行性研究

[目的]测定牙周病相关细菌伴放线放线杆菌DNA对口腔内其他细菌性抗原的免疫应答的影响,并探讨牙周病相关细菌伴放线放线杆菌DNA作为口腔疫苗佐剂的可行性.[方法]培养牙周病相关细菌伴放线放线杆菌,并提取其DNA.将大鼠随机分为3个组,采取免疫接种法将等量的明矾缓冲液,明矾-葡萄糖基转移酶缓冲液及含有伴放线放线杆菌DNA的明矾-葡萄糖基转移酶缓冲液分别接种于相应组大鼠体内,分别于接种前及接种后第1,3,6周断尾采血,采用ELISA法测定血清IgG水平.[结果]第1,3,6周时,明矾-葡萄糖基转移酶缓冲液组大鼠血清IgG水平与明矾缓冲液组及含伴放线杆菌DNA明矾-葡萄糖基转移酶缓冲液组相比较均显著增高.[结论]牙周病相关细菌伴放线放线杆菌DNA作为佐剂减弱其他牙周病或龋病细菌抗原的宿主免疫应答,减弱疫苗的效果.     

双歧杆菌联合蒙脱石散治疗鹅口疮的临床效果观察

目的:分析讨论双歧杆菌联合蒙脱石散治疗鹅口疮的临床效果。方法:选择符合入选标准的受试者100例作为研究对象,分为对照组与试验组,对照组患者使用小苏打水以及制霉菌素混悬液擦拭口腔,试验组患者在对照组基础上口服双歧杆菌并涂蒙脱石散。比较两组患者的治愈情况。结果:双歧杆菌联合蒙脱石散治疗的鹅口疮患者,疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于鹅口疮患者,双歧杆菌联合蒙脱石散的治疗效果比传统治疗效果更好。     

龈沟和袋内各种细菌的比例与牙周发病、治疗的关系

用显微镜检查牙周病人的龈沟或袋内各种细菌数目,观察发病牙与非发病牙的区别。用龈下刮治、中药鸦蛋子治疗,观察其对细菌的作用、及细菌数与龈沟内或袋内pH 值的关系。结果指出:牙周病发作的牙,活动杆菌、革兰氏阴性杆菌增加,球菌减少;渡病不发作的牙以球菌为主。龈下刮治可使革兰氏阴性杆菌减少,球菌增加。中药鸦蛋子可使袋内螺旋体减少。龈沟内的 pH 值与细菌数成反比。     

4%甲硝唑甘油的研制及对牙周病的治疗效果

将甲硝唑制成4％的甘油剂,用于治疗牙周病,经560例临床观察,效果显著,总有效率达97.5％。     

PCR对牙周难分离培养可疑致病菌的分布情况检测

目的 探讨6种分离培养困难的牙周可疑致病菌在牙周袋内的分布情况。方法 采集50例牙周袋深度大于4mm的龈下菌斑，以16S rRNA基因为模板，采用PCR方法检测标本中齿垢密螺旋体、黄褐二氧化碳噬纤维菌、生碳二氧化碳噬纤维菌、福赛类杆菌、直肠弯曲菌、侵蚀类杆菌的分布情况。结果 齿垢密螺旋体、黄褐二氧化碳噬纤维菌、生碳二氧化碳噬纤维菌、福赛类杆菌、直肠弯曲菌、侵蚀类杆菌检出率分别为82．0％，88．0％，98．0%，90．0％和84．0％。齿垢密螺旋体和福赛类杆菌在重度牙周炎和牙周炎活跃期病例中的检出率为100％。结论 齿垢密螺旋体、黄褐二氧化碳噬纤维菌、生碳二氧化碳噬纤维菌、福赛类杆菌、直肠弯曲菌、侵蚀类杆菌与牙周炎的关系密切，为牙周可疑致病菌，在中国人牙周病患者分布非常高。齿垢密螺旋体、福赛类杆菌对牙周病的发生发展起重要作用。     

甲硝唑膜剂应用于牙周袋局部的疗效观察

目的：探讨甲硝唑膜剂在牙周袋局部应用的临床效果。方法：将甲硝唑（MTZ）和羧甲基纤维素-钠（CMC-Na）制成MTZ膜剂。选择31例牙周病患者，置膜剂于牙周袋局部应用。并在实验室作膜剂释放试验测定．结果：膜剂应用7天后，测定牙龈指数（SBI）、龈炎指数（GI）、菌斑指数（PLI）均显著下降。膜剂释放缓慢，24h内局部保持较高浓度。结论：牙周病治疗除使用口服甲硝唑片控制炎症外，局部应用甲硝唑膜剂也是一个较好的给药途径。     

萃取法回收水厂污泥中铝的技术研究Ⅰ.清液萃取法

水厂污泥的铝含量高,是一种重要的铝再生资源。研究了液相离子交换萃取法铝回收技术。采用P204-煤油作为萃取剂,与水厂污泥的酸溶浸出液反应,经3级错流萃取,铝萃取率可达96.3%。以5 mol/L硫酸为反萃剂,在相比(VO∶VA)为5∶1的条件下经3级反萃,铝反萃率达到98.9%,反萃液符合液态商品硫酸铝的质量标准,可作为饮用水处理的混凝剂回用。     

水激光在牙周病伴发糖尿病患者种植手术中的应用

目的研究水激光在牙周病伴发糖尿病患者种植手术中的应用。方法选取已经经过系统牙周治疗及糖尿病治疗的牙周病伴发糖尿病的缺牙患者,牙周情况及血糖控制情况稳定半年以上。根据患者的意愿一部分采用水激光进行种植手术(包括一期及二期手术),一部分采用传统手术刀片进行种植手术(包括一期及二期手术)。分析患者一期术后、二期术后、及修复术后的疼痛及炎症发生情况,进而评估水激光在种植手术中的应用情况。结果实验组的种植一期及二期手术术后炎症发生情况低于对照组(P0.05),修复后的种植体周围炎的发生率也低于对照组(P0.05)。结论水激光在牙周病伴发糖尿病患者种植手术中具有积极的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.