超声诊断技术在女性压力性尿失禁中的应用

随着我国人口老龄化,女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)发病率有逐年增高的趋势,它已成为一个社会问题,影响了患者及其家庭的生活质量。超声诊断技术在诊断SUI中显示其独特优势。本文现对超声诊断技术在女性压力性尿失禁中的应用作一综述。     

盆底肌肉锻炼(PFMT)在女性压力性尿失禁中的应用进展

压力性尿失禁(SUI)是我国成年女性的主要尿失禁(UI)亚型,患病率为18.9%。压力性尿失禁(SUI)和压力性为主的混合性尿失禁(MUI)的治疗中,盆底肌肉锻炼(PFMT)一般推荐为首选。PFMT是目前最常用的产后UI治疗措施。PFMT对女性SUI的预防和治疗作用已被证实,采用规范的、强化的、监督式的PFMT是有效的。     

局部应用雌激素治疗绝经后压力性尿失禁的临床观察

压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)是较常见的妇科疾患。Kuo等[1]报道,绝经后妇女50%患有不同程度的尿失禁,其中SUI占50%~60%。由于随着患者年龄的增长,内科合并症增多,多愿意接受非手术的治疗方法。因此,探讨保守方法治疗绝经后压力性尿失禁具有深远的临床价值及     

经会阴超声检查女性压力性尿失禁患者盆底结构变化的临床意义

目的:利用经会阴超声对女性盆底结构的检查成像,分析压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者盆底结构变化,探讨超声对于SUI的诊断价值.方法:选择2019年1月至2020年6月就诊于中国医科大学附属盛京医院诊断为SUI的患者214例为病例组,选择同期就诊于本院排除SUI的患者118例为对照组.对两组患者分别行经会阴超声检查,比较相关超...     

女性压力性尿失禁手术治疗进展

女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)手术治愈率高,患者术后生活质量提高明显,是值得花费的治疗.其目的即通过恢复盆底正常的解剖结构,进而达到自主控尿的功能,防止尿失禁的发生.治疗女性SUI手术有多种,不同手术有自身优缺点,近来SUI手术逐渐向微创型发展并取得较好疗效.根据各种术式进展及其疗效对比作一综述.     

女性压力性尿失禁手术治疗进展

女性压力性尿失禁（SUI）手术治愈率高，患者术后生活质量提高明显，是值得花费的治疗。其目的即通过恢复盆底正常的解剖结构，进而达到自主控尿的功能，防止尿失禁的发生。治疗女性SUI手术有多种，不同手术有自身优缺点．近来SUI手术逐渐向微创型发展并取得较好疗效。根据各种术式进展及其疗效对比作一综述。     

单切口可调节Ajust~(TM)吊带治疗女性压力性尿失禁的疗效评价

目的:评价使用单切口可调节AjustTM吊带治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的主观和客观效果。方法:2013年1月至2014年6月在我院因SUI行单切口可调节AjustTM吊带手术的患者共42例,术前、术后采用咳嗽压力实验、1h尿垫试验、尿失禁生活质量问卷(I-QOL)和性生活质量问卷(SLQQ)、改善整体印象的问卷(PGI-I)判断客观和主观治愈率。结果:42例手术均获得成功,无术中并发症,5例术后1天出现短暂性尿潴留,无排尿困难,无吊带侵蚀。患者客观治愈率97.6%(41/42),主观治愈率97.6%(41/42)。结论:单切口AjustTM吊带治疗女性压力性尿失禁操作简便,创伤小,并发症少,近期疗效良好。     

女性压力性尿失禁热点问题专家讨论

1．女性尿失禁的流行病学状况；2、尿动力学检查对女性压力性尿失禁的诊断意义；3、女性压力性尿失禁的治疗选择；4．女性压力性尿失禁的非手术治疗；5．女性压力性尿失禁的手术治疗和微创趋势；6、女性压力性尿失禁手术并发症和复发的预防与处理对策。     

聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射治疗女性压力性尿失禁疗效分析

目的探讨聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶治疗压力性尿失禁(SUI)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年10月至2010年8月德国开姆尼茨红十字中心医院应用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶经尿道注射治疗压力性尿失禁患者450例,追踪381例术后的主观效果和客观效果。结果术后患者的主观评价结果显示SUI的治愈率和好转率之和为76.4%,客观评价结果显示SUI的治愈率和好转率之和为83.2%,无严重并发症发生。结论经尿道注射聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶治疗压力性尿失禁具有安全、简便、疗效确切、并发症少、患者可接受性高等优点,有望成为女性SUI的重要治疗方法,但仍需长期随访。     

生物反馈盆底肌肉训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁

目的:通过生物反馈盆底肌肉训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁6例分析，探讨生物反馈盆底肌肉训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁的效果，以期寻找女性压力性尿失禁较好的非手术治疗方法。方法:我院2003年9月～2004．年1月共有6例女性尿失禁患者接受了生物反馈盆底肌肉训练，平均年龄44岁(31～61岁)，治疗前通过病史问卷、查体诊断尿失禁，其中5例压力性尿失禁，1例压力性尿失禁与急迫性尿失禁合并存在。压力性尿失禁的分度2例中度，4例为轻度。治疗采用Femiscan生物反馈治疗仪，可反馈测量患者盆底肌肉肌电，治疗疗程8～12周，每周2次，4例患者结束治疗疗程，2例正在治疗疗程之中。通过盆底肌肉肌电测量值及病史问卷评价其效果。结果:4例已完成治疗的患者盆底肌电测量值，治疗前平均肌电值为9．7μV(3．33～15．48μV)，治疗后42．9μV(25．0～72．6μV)，平均提高4．42倍，3例患者的症状改善，均为小于40岁患者，症状改善在治疗的第4～6周出现，1例61岁患者效果不明显。正在进行治疗的2例患者治疗4周，目前症状未见改善。治疗未见副作用。结论：生物反馈盆底肌肉训练是一种安全、有效治疗女性压力性尿失禁的方法，尤其是对于年轻、尿失禁程度较轻的患者效果更佳。     

Relationship of urodynamic parameters and obesity in women with stress urinary incontinence

OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship of obesity and stress urinary incontinence and of obesity and urodynamic parameters in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). STUDY DESIGN: The study included 98 women who were clinically diagnosed as having stress urinary incontinence and 102 women, the control group, who had no stress urinary incontinence. We compared body mass index (BMI) as a parameter of obesity between the two groups. BMI was defined as weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in square meters). All patients with SUI underwent urodynamic tests, and we determined the relationship between BMI and urodynamic parameters by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: There was no difference in age between the two groups. However, BMI was significantly higher in women with SUI than in the control group. There were more vaginal deliveries and higher parity in women with SUI than in the control group. BMI was significantly higher in women with SUI than in the control group only in the younger group, while parity and number of vaginal deliveries were higher in the SUI group than control group among all age groups. The coefficient of multiple logistic regression between obesity and SUI was .131 (r = .131). There was no relationship between BMI and urodynamic parameters among patients with SUI. The average intraabdominal pressure was significantly increased in the obese group over that in the nonobese group. Correlation between BMI and intraabdominal pressure showed a close relationship. CONCLUSION: BMI was higher in the SUI group than control group. Obesity may be an important etiologic factor in SUI but did not influence urodynamic parameters, and there was no relationship between BMI and urodynamic parameters.     

Sexual Function Improvement Following Surgery for Stress Incontinence: The Relevance of Coital Incontinence

IntroductionLittle is known about the impact of surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) on female sexual function, and results are conflicting.AimsWe aimed to clarify the impact of surgery for SUI on female sexual function.MethodsWe analyzed data collected from two studies evaluating sexual function in women after placement of the tension‐free vaginal tape, tension‐free vaginal tape obturator, or transobturator suburethral tape. A nonvalidated sexual questionnaire developed by Lemack, translated into Dutch, was mailed to all patients 3–12 months after the procedure.Main Outcome MeasuresPre‐ and postoperative results of a nonvalidated sexual questionnaire.ResultsA total of 136 sexually active women completed the questionnaires. Compared with preoperative responses, we observed no significant changes postsurgical regarding frequency of sexual intercourse or satisfaction of sexual intercourse, although a significant postoperative decrease in urinary coital incontinence (P ≤ 0.001) was found. Postoperatively, 29 women (21.3%) reported improved sexual intercourse, and eight women (5.9%) complained of a worsening. There was a significant higher rate of preoperative coital incontinence (86.2% women with coital incontinence) in the group of women who reported improved intercourse (P = 0.01).ConclusionWomen with coital incontinence show a significant higher improvement in sexual function after surgery for SUI compared to women without coital incontinence. Our results suggest that improvement in coital incontinence results in improvement of sexual function. Therefore, coital incontinence is a prognostic factor for improvement of sexual function following incontinence surgery. Bekker M, Beck J, Putter H, Venema P, Lycklama à Nijeholt A, Pelger R, and Elzevier H. Sexual function improvement following surgery for stress incontinence: The relevance of coital incontinence.     

Sexual Disorders in Women with Overactive Bladder and Urinary Stress Incontinence Compared to Controls: A Prospective Study

Introduction and Hypothesis Female urinary incontinence (UI) has a negative impact on sexual function and sexual quality of life (QoL) in women. But there is still no consensus on the type of UI or the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD). The aim of the study was to evaluate sexual disorders in women with overactive bladder (OAB) compared to patients with urinary stress incontinence (SUI) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods 106 women presenting to a urogynecological outpatient clinic (referral clinic) were investigated using standardized questionnaires and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-d). All 65 incontinent women underwent a full urodynamic examination; the controls (31) were non-incontinent women in the same age range who came for routine check-ups or minor disorders not involving micturition or pelvic floor function. Women with mixed urinary incontinence, a history of previous medical or surgical treatment for UI, recurrent urinary tract infections, previous radiation therapy or pelvic organ prolapse of more than stage 2 on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system were excluded. Results 100 questionnaires could be evaluated (94.3%). Thirty-four women had urinary stress incontinence, 35 had OAB, 31 were controls. Mean age was 56 years, with no significant differences between groups. The scores of the questionnaire ranged from 2 to 35.1 points. The median score of OAB patients was significantly lower (17.6) than the median score of the controls (26.5; p = 0,004). The stress-incontinent women had a score of 21.95, which was lower than that of the controls but statistically non-significant (p = 0.051). In all subdomains, the OAB patients had lower scores than the stress-incontinent women and significantly lower values than the control group. Most striking was the impairment of “sexual interest in the last 4 weeks”. The figure for “none or almost no sexual activity” was 80% for the OAB group, 64.7% for the group of stress-incontinent women and 48% for the control group. Incontinence during intercourse was reported by one OAB patient and 4 stress-incontinent women but did not occur in the control group. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of SD in women with urinary incontinence. Patients with OAB reported a greater negative impact on sexual function and had significantly lower scores for the FSFI questionnaire than patients with stress incontinence or controls. Key words: overactive bladder, sexual disorder, coital incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, quality of life     

Outcome of the Laparoscopic Two-Team Sling Procedure,Tension-Free Vaginal Tape Insertion,and Transobturator Tape Insertion in Women With Recurrent Stress Urinary Incontinence

ObjectiveAlthough the surgical treatment of primary stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been well studied, the optimal treatment of persistent or recurrent SUI represents a significant challenge to the surgeon, and there are limited relevant published data. The aim of this study was to document outcome data for various surgical techniques used at our centre for the treatment of recurrent SUI, and to assess the immediate and long-term complications associated with these procedures.MethodsThis retrospective study assessed the outcome of the laparoscopic two-team sling procedure, tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) insertion, and transobturator tape (TOT) insertion in the treatment of recurrent SUI in women. Data collected included patient demographics, urodynamic data, postoperative subjective cure and objective cure (negative cough stress test), and intraoperative and postoperative complications.ResultsForty-six women with recurrent SUI were included in the study: 24 had had laparoscopic two-team sling procedures, 15 had had TVT insertion, and 7 had had TOT insertion. For each procedure, objective cure rates were 91.7%, 73.3%, and 85.7%, respectively, and subjective cure rates were 79.2%, 60%, and 57.1% respectively. In the laparoscopic two-team sling group, one woman developed an infected hematoma and one required surgery for a small bowel obstruction.ConclusionThe laparoscopic two-team sling procedure or TVT or TOT insertion may be used in experienced hands for surgical management of patients with recurrent stress urinary incontinence. We found no statistically significant differences in outcomes between the three groups, possibly because of the small sample size. Larger sample size and longer follow-up within prospective randomized trials are warranted to identify any possible differences.     

Grouts-Blaivas评分法评价无张力阴道吊带术治疗压力性尿失禁的临床价值

目的:观察无张力阴道吊带术(TVT)治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床疗效,并探讨Grouts-Blaivas评分法评价该法治疗尿失禁效果的临床价值。方法:对25例中、重度女性压力性尿失禁患者采用TVT治疗,手术后采用Grouts-Blaivas评分法评价尿失禁情况,并定期随访。结果:25例患者TVT均取得满意疗效。术后随访3~21个月,按Grouts-Blaivas评分法,尿失禁治愈率为92%(23/25),1例改善良好,1例改善中等,无手术失败及严重并发症发生。结论:TVT治疗女性压力性尿失禁有效、安全,且疗效持久。Grouts-Blaivas评分法是一种较为全面的评价尿失禁疗效的方法。     

Sexual Function and Quality of Life for Women with Mild‐to‐Moderate Stress Urinary Incontinence

Introduction: Sexual function is affected by stress urinary incontinence with or without pelvic organ prolapse. The aim of the study was to describe the sexual function of women with mild‐to‐moderate stress urinary incontinence, with or without pelvic organ prolapse (up to stage 2) and examine correlations with symptoms and quality of life. This investigation was part of a large, randomized, clinical trial of women with stress urinary incontinence who participated in an exercise intervention. Methods: Women included in the study suffered from stress urinary incontinence as measured by a pad test and were interested in an exercise intervention. All participants underwent assessment for prolapse staging. Instruments included: the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ‐12), Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I‐QOL), and a health and urinary leakage questionnaire. Results: One hundred and eighty‐seven ambulatory women, aged 20 to 65 years, had a mean sexual function score of 36.9 (standard deviation [SD] 5.9). No significant correlation was found between the sexual function scores and quantity of urinary leakage. A significant correlation existed between the sexual function and I‐QOL scores (P < .001). An additional finding was that women with urgency symptoms were older (P= .04) and had significantly lower sexual function scores (mean 35.7; SD 6.4) than those who did not report urgency (mean 38.7; SD 4.6; P < .001). Discussion: Women with mild‐to‐moderate stress urinary incontinence, without or with lower stages of pelvic organ prolapse, demonstrated good sexual function, which correlated with physical and psychosocial factors. Health professionals need to perform multifaceted intake assessments on women with urinary leakage to customize their health promotion regimen.     

阴道哑铃治疗女性压力性尿失禁的研究进展

阴道哑铃是一种用于盆底肌肉康复的训练器,可应用于压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的保守治疗或手术治疗的辅助治疗,操作简单,安全性高.与其他SUI的治疗方法不同,阴道哑铃可在医生指导下由患者在家自行使用进行盆底锻炼,降低治疗成本的同时帮助患者提高生活质量.此外,预防性应用阴道...     

Stress Incontinence Diagnosed Without Multichannel Urodynamic Studies

Objective: To determine if the clinical diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence made on the basis of simple criteria correlates with the diagnosis of genuine stress incontinence as determined by provocative multichannel urodynamic testing.Methods: The charts of 652 women who presented for clinical evaluation of a variety of lower urinary tract complaints were reviewed if they met all of the following criteria: 1) a predominant complaint of stress incontinence, 2) positive cough stress-test results, 3) postvoid residual urine volume no more than 50 mL, 4) a functional bladder capacity of at least 400 mL as determined by a completed 24-hour frequency-volume chart, and 5) a full multichannel urodynamic evaluation. Seventy-four patients met all these criteria. The clinical diagnosis of stress incontinence was based on the presence of factors 1–4; this diagnosis then was compared with the results of provocative multichannel urodynamic testing.Results: Genuine stress incontinence was confirmed in 72 (97%) of 74 patients meeting the aforementioned clinical criteria. In one patient, detrusor instability alone was demonstrated during urodynamic testing. In 11 patients with genuine stress incontinence (15%), an element of detrusor instability was also present at the time of urodynamic testing. One patient had normal urodynamic study findings, with no incontinence demonstrated.Conclusion: Rigorously defined clinical criteria are highly reliable in predicting the presence of genuine stress incontinence at the time of urodynamic testing. Because of the potential implications of this finding for clinical practice, further investigation is warranted.     

Preliminary outcome of non-ablative vaginal Erbium laser treatment for female stress and mixed urinary incontinence

ObjectiveThis prospective study presents a preliminary result to compare the clinical efficacy of patients with stress urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence using minimal invasive Er:YAG vaginal laser.Materials and methodsA total of 20 patients were included, in which were 10 patients with SUI and 10 patients with MUI (stress and urge incontinence), and underwent a 2940 nm Er:YAG laser with a special SMOOTH mode in an outpatient office without anesthesia or postoperative medications. All patients completed two sessions of treatment with an interval time of 28 days. At three months after treatment, all patients were asked to a clinical visit for evaluate the clinical outcome by pre-treatment and post-treatment ICIQ-SF questionnaire. At pretreatment and 3 months after the completion of two therapy sessions, patients were asked to answer the ICIQ-SF questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of three scales for assessment of the treatment outcome of urinary incontinence as: no change (no change score), improvement (decrease score 1–5), and strong improvement (decrease score >5) for two groups of patients with SUI and MUI. All the results were compared by Student's t test with two way analysis of variance between the two groups.ResultsA total of 20 patients presented with SUI symptom relief and improvement with treatment satisfaction. All 10 patients with SUI reported improvement after vaginal laser treatment, 70% with marked improvement and 30% with improvement. All 10 patients with MUI also had improvement, 40% with marked improvement and 60% with improvement. There was no statistically significant difference in the treatment outcome between the two groups.ConclusionsVaginal Erbium laser produce provides vaginal collagen remodeling and synthesis that may repair and restore the pelvic floor function. Despite of sample limitation and short follow up, this treating procedure presented a good and a safe clinical outcome in patients with SUI and with MUI by assessment of ICIQ-SF questionnaire.