角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 探讨角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的效果.方法 对内眼手术后大泡性角膜病变11例（11眼）施行角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植术.术后随诊12个月,观察治疗后疼痛等症状缓解情况、角膜水泡消退、角膜上皮愈合情况,以及有无眼部并发症.结果 11例中,9例术后疼痛症状减轻,6例术后视力提高,8例角膜缺损区3周内愈合.结论 在基层医院缺乏角膜材料的情况下,应用角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变,可缓解大泡性角膜病患者的痛苦,提高部分患者视力,达到治疗的效果.     

角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的探讨角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变（BK）的临床疗效。方法对9例（9只眼）大泡性角膜病变的患者行角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植,其中白内障联合人工晶状体植入术后5例,抗青光眼术后3例,角膜穿通伤1例。结果术后眼部刺激症状、角膜上皮大泡均于1周内消退,角膜基质水肿7～10d消失。术后随访3～24个月,均未发现BK复发及并发症的发生。结论对于症状明显、病情顽固、难以恢复有效视力且不具备角膜移植条件的BK患者,角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植可有效控制BK的症状,防止BK的复发,是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法。     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床观察

目的:观察新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效,探讨大泡性角膜病变有效可行的治疗方法。方法:回顾分析经新鲜羊膜移植进行治疗的13例13眼大泡性角膜病变,其中人工晶状体眼10例,绝对期青光眼2例,外伤性晶状体前脱位1例。对13例患者术后眼部刺激症状消失时间、大泡消失例数、羊膜溶解时间、角膜上皮完全修复时间、视力改善状况进行分析评价,同时与报告中大泡性角膜病变的其他治疗方法上述指标比较。结果:13例大泡性角膜病变患者中10例在术后3d内疼痛消失,13例大泡消失,14d内移植的新鲜羊膜全部溶解,无1例出现排斥反应,14d内角膜上皮完全修复,与报告中除角膜移植外的视力改善率有显著性差异(P<0.05)外,与其余同类方法相关指标比较无统计学差异。结论:新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变是取材方便、费用低廉、效果可靠的治疗方法。     

自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 探讨自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术在大泡性角膜病变治疗中的临床效果.方法 选取大泡性角膜病变患者6例(6眼),均有明显刺痛、流泪症状.其中白内障术后3例;白内障术后继发青光眼1例:青光眼术后并发白内障1例:角膜异物取出术后1例.6例患者均行自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术治疗.结果 6例患者术后眼病等刺激症状基本消失,角膜上皮完整,随访3～12个月均未发现大泡性角膜病变复发及并发症出现,视力有轻度提高.结论 自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术可有效缓解大泡性角膜病变的症状,是解除视功能不佳的大泡性角膜病变患者临床症状的有效方法.     

大泡性角膜病变18例手术治疗效果回顾性分析

目的:评价羊膜移植几种手术方法治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床效果。方法:对18例大泡性角膜病变患者,分别采取角膜层间烧烙术、新鲜羊膜移植术、角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植手术。结果:18例大泡性角膜病变患者,术后1～5d疼痛消失,7～12d角膜上皮修复,7～21d后羊膜植片常规溶解。角膜层间烧烙术1眼、新鲜羊膜移植术3眼术后1～2mo再次出现角膜大泡及角膜刺激症状而再次手术。角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植术,术后当天疼痛消失,14d角膜上皮光滑,角膜大泡消失。随访6～18mo无1例复发,部分患者视力有不同程度的提高。结论:角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植对大泡性角膜病变具有明显的治疗效果。     

环孢素A在眼表移植和角膜炎症中的应用

目的探讨环孢素A(Cyclosporine A，CsA)在眼表移植手术和炎症性疾病中的疗效和相关影响因素。方法通过106眼眼表手术(羊膜贴敷71眼、穿透性角膜移植20眼、指环形／全角膜上皮移植15眼)的术后用药和32眼角膜炎症性疾患(干燥性角结膜炎8例16眼、蚕蚀性角膜溃疡3例4眼、单疱角膜基质炎2例2眼、表层点状角膜病变7例10眼)的系统治疗观察，对临床疗效作回顾性研究。用药途径：穿透性角膜移植和指环形／全角膜上皮移植病例，术后口服CsA6w～8w，联合局部0．5％CsA滴眼剂3次～4次／d，持续用药8m～12m；羊膜贴敷者仅在术后0．5％CsA滴眼剂3次／d，持续用药8m～12m；角膜炎症性病例中蚕蚀性角膜溃疡4眼中3眼采用病灶切除后羊膜贴敷联合局部用药，1眼单用0．5％CsA局部滴眼；其他病例按病种不同，分别应用0．1％～0．5％CsA局部滴眼3～4次／d联合相关对因治疗结果135眼治疗者中有128眼随访6m～36m．7眼为新近观察病例，仅随访3m～6m：35眼穿透性角膜移植和指环形／全角膜上皮移植术中，仅3眼因移植排斥致角膜血管化，32眼透明愈合，获得91．4％的移植成功率；所有重症烧伤羊膜贴敷患者，术后眼表重新上皮化且未遗留睑球粘连。70％以上病例瞳孔区角膜维持透明而重获有用视力；角膜炎症性疾病中，4眼蚕蚀性溃疡随访24m～36m均未复发，单疱角膜基质炎和表层点状角膜病变病例均获临床痊愈，干眼症患者症状缓解，Seehirmer实验泪液分泌改善。结论环孢素A是一种亲脂性多肽，易于透过角膜上皮并蓄积于角膜基质；通过选择性抑制辅助性T淋巴细胞发挥良好的免疫抑制和抗炎作用，对眼表移植手术和炎症性眼表疾患有出色的治疗功效。     

不同受者同期分别接受同者的角膜移植五例

目的 为提高角膜材料的利用率,探讨将同一噶供者的二个角膜同期移植给不同受者的可行性及手术方法.方法 供者的其中一个角膜材料分别为1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤,1例蚕蚀性角膜溃疡伴穿孔行前部分板层角膜移植术,并对1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.另一个角膜材料分别为眼烧伤后重度睑球粘连行全板层角膜移植和1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.结果 5例角膜病患者手术均获得成功,其中2例大泡性角膜病变患者术后1个月,角膜上皮水泡消失,角膜水肿减轻,内皮植片透明.1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤患者,视力术前0.3提高至术后0.6,植片透明,角膜植床及结膜无色素残留.1例蚕蚀性角膜伴穿孔经羊膜移植联合部分板层角膜移植治愈.1例眼烧伤睑球粘连患者,术后1个月,睑球粘连完全解除,植片透明,视力由术前0.1提高到0.3.结论 将同一供者的角膜分别移植给不同受者,能充分利用供者角膜材料,方法可行,效果良好.     

角膜层间烧灼联合错位神经根切断及羊膜覆盖术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 观察角膜层间烧灼联合错位角膜神经根切断及羊膜覆盖术治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效。方法 选取有明显眼痛且视功能差的大泡性角膜病变患者28人（28只眼）,其中白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术后16只眼,单纯白内障摘除术后2只眼,白内障针拨术后1只眼,青光眼白内障联合术后3只眼,青光眼滤过术后2只眼,闭角型青光眼绝对期1只眼,眼外伤2只眼,玻璃体切割术后1只眼。对28只眼均行角膜板层切开,层间烧灼,错位角膜神经根切断及羊膜覆盖术。术后随诊观察6～ 32个月,平均18月。结果 术后28只眼中25只眼(89.3％)术后疼痛感消失,3只眼(10.7％)疼痛明显缓解。术后1月8只眼(28.6％)视力提高,20只眼(71.4％)视力同术前。羊膜于术后5 ～45天脱落或溶解,平均28.8天。 术后26只眼(92.9％)角膜上皮在1月内愈合,角膜大泡完全消失,2只眼(7.1％)角膜大泡范围明显缩小。28只眼角膜基质水肿均减轻。随访6～ 32个月均未发现症状复发,角膜大泡复发或其他并发症出现,患者原有残存视力保留或提高。结论 角膜层间烧灼联合角膜错位神经根切断及羊膜覆盖术是缓解视功能差的大泡性角膜病变患者疼痛症状的有效的手术方法。     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床分析

目的:观察羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效,探讨大泡性角膜病变有效可行的治疗方法。方法:回顾分析经羊膜移植进行治疗的18例18眼大泡性角膜病变,对18例患者术后眼部刺激症状消失时间、大泡消失例数、羊膜溶解时间、角膜上皮完全修复时间、视力改善状况进行分析评价。结果:大泡性角膜病变患者18例中,10例在术后3d内疼痛消失,18例大泡消失,15d内移植的新鲜羊膜全部溶解,无1例出现排斥反应,15d内角膜上皮完全修复。结论:羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变是取材方便、费用低廉、效果可靠的治疗方法。     

治疗性角膜移植的临床应用

治疗性角膜移植的许多新术式,如角膜层间填垫术、深板层角膜移植术、后板层内皮角膜移植、角膜上皮干细胞移植、全角膜上皮联合后板层内皮角膜移植、蕈状瓣角膜移植术业经临床验证,能使濒临穿孔或业已穿孔的角膜溃疡、复发性单纯疱疹病毒角膜基质炎、圆锥角膜、内皮衰竭引发的大泡性角膜病变、重症眼表烧伤等致盲性角膜病获得康复.通过回顾性研究,对上述相关术式的适应证、手术要点、疗效作了详尽的讨论.     

小切口无缝线深板层角膜内皮移植术的疗效观察

目的探讨小切口无缝线深板层角膜内皮移植术的手术方法、临床疗效及并发症的预防与处理。方法对9例（9只眼）大泡性角膜病变患者行小切口无缝线深板层角膜内皮移植术,其中6例联合前段玻璃体切割术。术后观察植片与植床贴合情况、植片移位的发生和处理。随访3～5个月,观察视力、植片透明度、角膜曲率、角膜散光及角膜内皮细胞密度。结果8例患者植片与植床贴合良好,1例患者术后第1天植片移位,经再次复位后贴合良好。6例患者不同程度提高视力,3例患者因术前长期高眼压,术后视力不提高。9例患者植片均透明,角膜曲率（43．96±3．38）D,角膜散光度数（3．32±1．20）D,角膜内皮细胞密度（2124±278）个／mm^2,未出现严重并发症。结论与穿透性角膜移植或板层角膜瓣下深板层角膜内皮移植术比较,小切口无缝线深板层角膜内皮移植术治疗大泡性角膜病变更有优势,有望成为治疗该病的手术方式之一。     

Use of amniotic membrane transplantation for treating bullous keratopathy

One of the complications of cataract surgery is bullous keratopathy, which is the result of decompensation of the corneal endothelium. The clinical signs are manifested in stromal and epithelial edema with bullae producing. The amniotic membrane, which is taken from the placenta of young mothers during the caesarean section, may have beneficial influence on the process of healing the corneal structure. The study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of bullous keratopathy treatment using amniotic membrane transplantation, as an alternative method of treatment after cataract surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The amniotic membrane transplantation was performed in 18 eyes of 18 patients (10 females and 8 males), aged 62 to 85 with the bullous keratopathy. After removing the pathologically changed epithelium, the amniotic membrane was covered on cornea in local anesthesia, using interrupted sutures 10.0 nylon. A therapeutic contact lens were applied. Control examinations were performed 3, 6 and 12 weeks after the operation. The best corrected visual acuity was evaluated. The local state was investigated using slitbiomocroscopy and confocal microscopy. RESULTS: In all the patients' regression of subjective complaints was observed (pain, light sensitivity and tearing). In 12 cases improvement of visual acuity was achieved. The evaluation of corneas in slit biomicroscopy revealed greater clarity and less corneal edema. On confocal microscopy, decrease in blurred collagen fibers and background illumination were observed. The epithelium contained cystic structures (blisters) in 6 cases only. The endothelial cells were pleomorphic and polymegathic. CONCLUSION: The amniotic membrane transplantation is an effective method of treatment for bullous keratopathy and has beneficial influence on the process of corneal healing and the improvement of visual acuity and diminish subjective symptoms.     

Deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty: surgery in complex cases with severe preoperative visual loss

PURPOSE: This study was designed to report the use of deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK) in combination with other intraocular surgeries in the treatment of eyes with severe bullous keratopathy and visual loss. METHODS: DLEK surgery was performed in six patients with severe bullous keratopathy and preoperative vision with a range of between count fingers and light perception only. DLEK was combined with vitrectomy and placement of a ciliary sulcus sutured intraocular lens in four patients and with cataract surgery in one patient. Two patients with vitreoretinal disease underwent pars plana vitrectomy within only 4 months after the DLEK donor tissue had been placed. Graft clarity, Snellen visual acuities, refractive astigmatism, endothelial cell counts, and corneal topography were prospectively measured at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: At 6 months after DLEK surgery, all grafts were clear and vision improved in all patients. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from count fingers level (or worse) before surgery to a range of 20/40 to 20/200 after surgery. Average refractive astigmatism at 6 months was 2.0 diopters (range, 0.50-4.00 diopters). The average postoperative endothelial cell count was 1,679 +/- 380 (range, 1,200-2,298) cells/mm at 6 months and 1,449 +/- 365 (range, 1,105-2,043) cells/mm at 12 months. Vitreoretinal surgery subsequent to graft placement did not affect corneal clarity or dislodge the grafted tissue. CONCLUSIONS: DLEK surgery can be used in cases with severe visual loss caused by bullous keratopathy with transfer of healthy donor endothelium, clearing of the central cornea, and restoration of useful vision. DLEK also can be successfully combined with other intraocular surgeries such as vitrectomy, intraocular lens exchange, and sutured intraocular lens surgery. The DLEK graft can tolerate subsequent intraocular surgery performed as early as 3 months after placement of the donor tissue.     

反板层角膜移植的临床应用研究

目的：探讨反板层角膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变、Terrien's角膜变性及对眼化学伤急救处理的疗效。方法：大泡性角膜病变20眼,Terrien's角膜变性12眼,眼化学伤10眼,术中切除病变的角膜板层组织,同时将甘油冷冻保存的反板层角膜植片复水,将处理后的植片后弹力层向上,粗糙的基质层向下,用10－0尼龙线间断或连续缝合,植片的直径较植床大0．5－1．0mm。结果：除1眼（化学伤）发生排斥反应外,其余41眼反板层植片在术后一段时间内（2－4wk)经历不同程度的水肿阶段后,都能与植床紧密贴合,随访1－5a,植片保持半透明其至透明状态。其中大泡性角膜病变20眼疼痛症状完全消失;12例Terrien's角膜变性眼术后4wk视力明显改善（视力表检查提高2－3行）;10例眼化学伤中4眼视力明显改善（视力表检查提高2－3行）。结论反板层角膜移植可成功应用用于治疗大泡性角膜病变、Terrien's角膜变性及眼化学伤的急救处理,疗效满意。     

Spontaneous resolution of partial donor disk dislocation after deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty

PURPOSE: We report a case of spontaneous resolution of donor disk partial dislocation after deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK). DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: A 70-year-old male with right pseudophakia bullous keratopathy underwent DLEK. Postoperatively, a partial dislocation of inferior donor disk was noted. Repositioning surgery with gas tamponade was performed. RESULTS: The interfacial separation remained after gas tamponade. Two weeks later, corneal edema subsided, and there was a reduction in interfacial separation. One month after DLEK, donor disk spontaneously attached to recipient corneal bed. At the six-month follow-up, astigmatism was 1.75 diopters. Specular microscopy showed endothelial counts of 1520 cells/mm(2). Spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved to 6/15. CONCLUSIONS: Partial dislocation of donor disk after DLEK has a possibility of spontaneous resolution, even after a failed attempt at gas tamponade.     

大泡性角膜病变新的治疗方法的探讨——自体血浆角膜基质内注射联合层间分离术

目的观察自体血浆角膜基质内注射联合角膜层间分离治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效。方法对24例大泡性角膜病变施行自体血浆基质内注射联合角膜层间分离，术后跟踪随访6-48月，平均24月。结果注射后72小时，血浆完全吸收，角膜水肿消失，角膜上皮光滑。所有患眼角膜大泡消失。保留了原来的残存视力。结论自体血浆角膜基质内注射联合角膜层间分离术是治疗大泡性角膜病变的有效方法。     

大泡性角膜病变的病因分析与治疗方法探讨

目的 寻求对大泡性角膜病变有效的治疗方法和效果。方法 对１２例大泡性角膜病变患者的病因进行分析，对治疗方法进行比较。用药物治疗３例，采用不同的手术方法治疗９例。结果 １２例病例随访６个月至６年，症状均获缓解，角膜大泡清除，总分列视力略有提高。结论 大泡性角膜病变常为眼前段内眼手术的并发症。根据患者角膜病变的程度及视力情况，采用不同的治疗方法，获得了较好的效果。