伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛126例

目的:探讨伽玛刀放射外科(SRS)技术治疗原发性三叉神经痛(TN)的方法,以指导临床获得最佳疗效。方法:分析接受SRS治疗的126例原发性TN患者的一般资料、治疗过程及疗效。结果:随访24~54个月,平均30个月;治愈81例,疗效显著37例,无效8例,治疗有效率93.7%,无严重并发症。结论:SRS治疗原发性TN疗效显著,临床治疗中的质量监控是治疗成功的关键。     

伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛疼痛缓解时间分析

目的分析和总结采用双靶点伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛术后疼痛缓解时间规律,为伽玛刀的临床治疗提供参考。方法 2005年1月-2011年1月,共147例原发性三叉神经痛患者于四川大学华西医院接受Leksell C型伽玛刀治疗。使用4 mm准直器在三叉神经根制作2个等中心靶点,中心剂量80～90 Gy,控制脑桥照射剂量<20 Gy。术后定期对患者进行随访,对疼痛缓解时间进行统计分析。结果 130例患者获得随访,随访时间11～64个月,平均28.7个月。术后疼痛完全缓解95例(73.1%),部分缓解29例(22.3%),无效6例(4.6%)。疼痛缓解时间4 h～12个月,平均3.6周,其中疼痛完全缓解患者的疼痛缓解时间明显短于部分缓解患者(P<0.05)。53例(40.8%)患者于术后出现术侧轻度面部麻木。结论患者术后疼痛缓解时间可能是预测伽玛刀治疗效果的重要因素,但疼痛缓解时间个体差异大,应进行长期随访观察。     

原发性三叉神经痛的再次伽玛刀治疗

目的:分析原发性三叉神经痛患者接受再次伽玛刀治疗的临床疗效、复发及并发症情况。方法:选取自1995年9月至2009年12月,52例首次伽玛刀治疗无效或复发的原发性三叉神经痛患者进行了再次伽玛刀治疗。再次治疗中心剂量为70⁸0 Gy,平均77.2 Gy。再次治疗靶点位置较首次治疗前移,两次治疗容积叠加约50%。本组采用巴罗神经学研究所(Barrow Neurological Institute,BNI)三叉神经痛评分标准对疗效进行了评估。结果:本组随访从治疗后1个月开始,随访平均时间为58个月。本组治疗有效46例,包括BNIⅠ级22例,BNIⅡ级14例,BNIⅢ级10例,总有效率为88.5%(46/52)。5例患者在治疗后680 Gy,平均77.2 Gy。再次治疗靶点位置较首次治疗前移,两次治疗容积叠加约50%。本组采用巴罗神经学研究所(Barrow Neurological Institute,BNI)三叉神经痛评分标准对疗效进行了评估。结果:本组随访从治疗后1个月开始,随访平均时间为58个月。本组治疗有效46例,包括BNIⅠ级22例,BNIⅡ级14例,BNIⅢ级10例,总有效率为88.5%(46/52)。5例患者在治疗后6⁷2个月出现复发,复发率为10.9%(5/46)。本组病例治疗后出现面部麻木者10例、面部感觉异常者2例,并发症发生率为23.1%(12/52)。结论:再次伽玛刀治疗安全有效,可以作为首次治疗无效或复发原发性三叉神经痛患者的可靠治疗方法之一。     

伽玛刀和射波刀治疗三叉神经痛的临床观察

目的:评价伽玛刀及射波刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛病例的治疗效果、起效时间和随访观察,评价立体定向放射外科治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床效果.方法:27例原发性三叉神经痛患者经伽玛刀治疗10例,经射波刀治疗17例.靶点选择在三叉神经根入桥脑段前3.0mm处,依据Bris-man疗效判定标准分析临床治疗效果.结果:伽玛刀组10例平均随访时间7个月,治愈和疗效显著9例,1例无效;射波刀组17例平均随访时间11个月,治愈和疗效显著15例,无效2例.结论:伽玛刀、射波刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛具有可靠疗效.射波刀与伽玛刀相比较,前者无创、无框架、非等中心、非共面、非聚焦照射为其优点,后者精度较高,定位更为准确.靶点选择和精确定位是治疗成功的关键.     

伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛疗效观察

目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛的疗效.方法 2003年1月至2008年3月,我院应用伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛120例;治疗靶点为三叉神经根,用4 mm准直器,靶点中心计量为80～90 Gy.疗效评估采用患者自我报告疼痛的控制程度及药物用量的变化.结果 所有患者进行了随访,平均随访期(20.0±4.5)个月.本组病例中治愈69例(57.5%);显效34例(28.3%)、有效12例(10.0%)、无效5例(4.2%);总有效率为95.8%.5例患者疼痛复发后行其他治疗.83例患者(69.2%)曾出现一过性、局限性的面部麻木.14例患者(11.7%)在疼痛缓解后留下持续性的面部麻木;部分患者还伴有味觉减退、口嚼无力等主诉.结论 伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛能够显著缓解疼痛、提高生活质量,不良反应发生率较低:是一种较为理想的治疗方法.     

原发性三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗结果的临床分析

目的 :分析伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的效果。方法 :回顾分析 77例原发性三叉神经痛患者经伽玛刀治疗的结果。采用多因素Logistic回归分析确定照射部位、准直器数目和放射剂量对疼痛缓解效果和并发症的影响。结果 :随访 3～ 47个月 ,平均 2 5 6个月。 77例病人中 ,6 6例有效 ,总有效率为 85 7%。与治疗有关的并发症 13例 ,占 16 9%。多因素Logistic回归分析 ,照射部位、放射剂量对疼痛的缓解和并发症的发生有显著影响。结论 :伽玛刀是治疗原发性三叉神经痛安全有效的方法 ,合适的照射部位和放射剂量是影响治疗效果的关键     

磁共振B-FFE序列在原发性三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗中的作用研究

目的:探讨磁共振B-FFE序列在原发性三叉神经痛(trigeminal neuralgia,TN)伽玛刀治疗中的作用。方法:共81例患者,采用B-FFE序列定位行伽玛刀治疗。随访观察所有患者的治愈率、有效率、并发症发生率及复发率;并与3D-FFE序列定位伽玛刀治疗的情况进行比较。结果:治愈66例(81.5%),显效8例(9.9%),有效4例(4.9%),无效3例(3.7%)。总有效率为96.3%,并发症发生率2.5%。该疗效好于采用3D-FFE序列定位伽玛刀治疗原发性TN患者的情况(P=0.04<0.05)。结论:B-FFE序列定位伽玛刀治疗原发性TN有效率高、并发症发生率低,可以作为常规定位序列加以推广应用。     

原发性脑内淋巴瘤伽玛刀治疗前与治疗后的影像学评价

目的:总结原发性脑内淋巴瘤的影像表现,探讨伽玛刀的治疗作用。方法:1999年9月~2005年9月,18例(24个病灶)经病理证实的原发性脑内淋巴瘤患者接受伽玛刀治疗,以40%~50%等剂量曲线包绕肿瘤,边缘剂量为13~23Gy,平均16Gy。随访期为6~30个月,平均18个月。结果:伽玛刀治疗后l~2个月肿瘤消失或缩小,临床症状迅速改善,近期有效率为100%。结论:伽玛刀治疗原发性脑内淋巴瘤是一种安全、有效的方法,病灶局部控制率高,它可以缓解神经症状,提高生存质量。     

影响原发性三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗效果的相关因素分析

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的疗效及影响预后的因素。方法回顾性分析75例原发性三叉神经痛的患者行伽玛刀治疗的效果,均经OUR-XGD旋转式伽玛刀治疗,采用4—8mm准直器,半月节照射采用多靶点,三叉神经根照射采用单靶点或双靶点,中心剂量70—90Gy,脑干表面受量〈15Gy。通过随访患者疼痛发作的频率和程度的减轻评价疗效。结果随访时间为3～72个月,平均37．6个月,总有效率90．7％。4例患者2～3年后复发,6例在伽玛刀治疗后半年出现患侧面部麻木感,无其他并发症。经统计学分析,某些因素与疗效相关。结论伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛一种安全有效的方法,靶点选择、剂量选择、照射部位是影响预后的因素,而病史长短及疼痛分布与预后无相关性。     

治疗原发性三叉神经痛3种方法的疗效比较研究

目的：研究比较治疗原发性三叉神经痛 3 种不同方法的临床疗效。方法：回顾性纳入144例原发性三叉神经痛患者,分为A、B、C三组,每组48例：A组行伽玛刀放射外科治疗,B组行针灸治疗,C组行伽玛刀联合针灸治疗。治疗后观察1周～3年,研究对比三组患者的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、即时显效率、不良反应发生率、复发率以及治疗总有效率,并评价临床疗效。结果：治疗前三组患者的VAS评分差异无统计学意义。治疗后3年,VAS评分比较：C组＜A组＜B组;即时显效率比较：A组＜B组＜C组;不良反应发生率比较：B组＜C组＜A组,复发率比较：C组＜A组＜B组;治疗总有效率比较：B组＜A组＜C组。结论：伽玛刀联合针灸治疗原发性三叉神经痛可显著提高疗效,能明显降低疼痛程度,提高患者生活质量。     

Repeat trigeminal nerve radiosurgery for refractory cluster headache fails to provide long-term pain relief

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Medically refractory cluster headache (MRCH) is a debilitating condition that has proven resistant to many modalities. Previous reports have indicated that radiosurgery for MRCH provides little long-term pain relief, with moderate/significant morbidity. However, there have been no reports of repeated radiosurgery in this patient population. We present our findings from the first reports of repeat radiosurgery for MRCH. METHODS: Two patients with MRCH underwent repeat gamma knife radiosurgery at our institution. Each fulfilled clinical criteria for treatment, including complete resistance to pharmacotherapy, pain primarily localized to the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and psychological stability. Both patients previously received gamma knife radiosurgery (75 Gy) for MRCH with no morbidity, but no long-term improvement of pain relief (Patient 1 = 5 months, Patient 2 = 10 months) after treatment. For repeat radiosurgery, each patient received 75 Gy to the 100% isodose line delivered to the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve, and was evaluated postretreatment. Pain relief was defined as: excellent (free of MRCH with minimal/no medications), good (50% reduction of MRCH severity/frequency with medications), fair (25% reduction), or poor (less than 25% reduction). RESULTS: Following repeat radiosurgery, long-term pain relief was poor in both patients. Neither patient sustained any immediate morbidity following radiosurgery. Patient 2 experienced right facial numbness 4 months postretreatment, while Patient 1 experienced no morbidity. CONCLUSION: Repeat radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve fails to provide long-term pain relief for MRCH. Given the reported failures of initial and repeat radiosurgery for MRCH, trigeminal nerve radiosurgery should not be offered for MRCH.     

Stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

Stereotactic radiosurgery is an increasingly used and the least invasive surgical option for patients with medically refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The authors began use of this technique at our center in 1992 and have evaluated outcomes serially. Independently acquired data from 220 patients with idiopathic TN that had Gamma Knife radiosurgery was reviewed. The median radiosurgery dose was 80 Gy with a range of 60 to 90 Gy. Most patients had features of typical TN, although 16 (7.3%) described additional atypical features. One hundred thirty-five patients (61.4%) had prior surgery. Patients were followed to a maximum of 6.5 years (median, 2 years). Complete or partial pain relief was achieved in 85.6% of patients at 1 year. Complete pain relief was achieved in 64.9 % of patients at 6 months, 70.3% at 1 year, and 75.4% patients at 33 months. Patients with an atypical pain component had a lower rate of achieving pain relief ( p = 0.025). Due to recurrences, 55.8% of patients had complete or partial pain relief at 5 years. The absence of preoperative sensory disturbance or prior surgery correlated with an increased proportion of patients in complete or partial pain relief over time. Ten percent of patients developed new or increased subjective facial paresthesia or facial numbness. Radiosurgery for idiopathic TN was safe and effective, and provided benefit to a patient population with a high frequency of prior surgical intervention. It is an important addition to the surgical armamentarium for TN.     

伽玛刀对神经根与毗邻血管不同解剖关系的原发性三叉神经痛的治疗疗效分析

目的探讨原发性三叉神经痛患者三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系对伽玛刀治疗疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2009年1月山西医科大学第二医院伽玛刀中心治疗原发性痛患者82例，依据MR定位影像显示三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系（无接触、可疑接触、明确接触、推移），评估对伽玛刀治疗疗效的影响。结果随访6～18个月，平均随访12．5个月，依据BNI疼痛量表评分Ⅲ级以上70例，总有效率85．4％，三叉神经根与血管无接触组有效率89．7％，可疑接触组有效率86．4％，明确接触78．9％，推移组81．8％，复发8例（9．7％）。结论三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系对伽玛刀治疗疗效差别无统计学意义，推移组复发率较其他组高，远期疗效有待进一步评估。     

伽玛刀分次治疗垂体泌乳素大腺瘤和巨腺瘤的近期疗效观察

目的　探讨伽玛刀分次治疗垂体泌乳素大腺瘤和巨腺瘤的近期疗效。方法　分别对 2 2例和 11例垂体泌乳素大腺瘤及巨腺瘤患者进行分次伽玛刀治疗及单次治疗 ,观察其治疗前后的临床症状、血清泌乳素 (PRL)水平、肿瘤体积等 ,分析伽玛刀分次治疗垂体泌乳素大腺瘤和巨腺瘤的近期疗效。结果　 2种方法治疗前后瘤体都有所缩小 ,PRL水平下降 ,分次治疗总有效率为 86 4% ,单次治疗总有效率为 45 5 % ,分次治疗对PRL水平的恢复明显优于单次治疗 (P <0 0 1) ;而对肿瘤大小的影响无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　伽玛刀分次治疗垂体沁乳素大腺瘤和巨腺瘤是安全有效的治疗方法 ,其近期疗效明显优于伽玛刀单次治疗     

立体定向放射治疗脑垂体瘤344例远期疗效观察

目的评价立体定向放射治疗脑垂体瘤在控制肿瘤生长和改变内分泌方面的长期疗效。方法1998年1月至2004年12月,应用伽玛刀治疗垂体腺瘤398例;344例获得随访,随访期18~72个月,平均46个月;针对不同组织类型肿瘤采用相应治疗剂量,应用45%~55%等剂量曲线覆盖肿瘤至少95%以上;无功能腺瘤边缘治疗剂量10~18 Gy(平均14.6 Gy),中心剂量20~36 Gy(平均28.8 Gy);功能性腺瘤边缘治疗剂量12~35 Gy(平均22.7 Gy),中心剂量24~70 Gy(平均52.9 Gy)。结果肿瘤控制生长率达91.6%,症状改善率达85.2%,激素水平下降或恢复正常达86.0%,无死亡,无严重并发症。结论立体定向放射治疗脑垂体瘤无论是对治疗首选还是对术后残存的肿瘤,其控制生长和改善内分泌的作用均是安全和有效的,治疗后影像学改变和内分泌变化与治疗剂量密切相关。     

Gamma Knife Treatment of Refractory Cluster Headache

Four men and two women were treated for refractory cluster headache by gamma knife radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve root entry zone. The maximum dose of radiation was 70 Gy to the isocenter. Of five patients treated who had refractory chronic cluster headache and one with refractory episodic cluster headache, four had relief judged excellent. Of the two remaining patients with refractory chronic cluster headache, one had relief judged good and the other fair. Five of the six patients treated had relief within a few days to a week following gamma knife radiosurgery. Three with chronic cluster headache had remissions allowing cessation of all preventive and abortive medication. Although one patient experienced complete relief of chronic cluster headache, he continued to have migraine requiring medication. None of the patients treated developed significant postradiation side effects during a follow-up period of 8 to 14 months. The authors conclude that gamma knife radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve affords great promise in the management of chronic and refractory cluster headache. The technique seemingly carries negligible short- and long- term risk.     

Pain control by image-guided radiosurgery for solitary spinal metastasis

Precision and accuracy of image-guided spinal radiosurgery has been previously demonstrated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical efficacy of spine radiosurgery for the treatment of solitary spinal metastases with or without cord compression. A total of 49 patients with 61 separate spinal metastases were treated with radiosurgery. All patients had pathologically proven primary cancers and had either synchronous or metachronous metastasis to the spine. The majority of the patients presented with back pain. All patients received single-dose radiosurgery to the involved spine only. The radiosurgery dose ranged from 10 to 16Gy. The primary endpoint was pain control, but outcomes in neurological status and radiological tumor control also were assessed. The median time to pain relief was 14 days and the earliest time of pain relief was within 24hours. Complete pain relief was achieved in 46%, partial relief in 18.9%, and stable symptoms in 16.2%. Relapse of pain at the treated spinal segment was 6.9%. Median duration of pain relief at the treated spine was 13.3 months. Overall pain control rate for one year was 84%. This experience demonstrates that spinal radiosurgery can achieve rapid and durable pain relief. Single-dose radiosurgery has a potential to be a viable treatment option for single spinal metastasis.