肺切除术后支气管胸膜瘘临床疗效分析

目的总结29例肺切除术后并发支气管胸膜瘘的诊疗经验。方法回顾性分析29例因肺切除术后出现的支气管胸膜瘘。结果瘘发生率1．15％，全肺切除术后发生率（1．6％）高于肺叶切除术后发生率（1．08％）；瘘平均发生于术后12天，再手术治愈5例，共死亡6例，病死率20．7％。结论支气管胸膜瘘的发生与支气管残端处理技术及影响残端愈合的诸多因素有关。     

肺切除术后支气管胸膜瘘临床分析

目的总结1984～2002年间29例肺切除术后并发支气管胸膜瘘的诊疗经验。方法回顾性分析29例因肺切除术后出现的支气管胸膜瘘。结果瘘发生率1．15％，全肺切除术后发生率(1．6％)高于肺叶切除术后发生率(1．08％)；瘘平均发生于术后12d，再手术治愈5例，共死亡6例，病死率20．7％。结论支气管胸膜瘘的发生与支气管残端处理技术及影响残端愈合的诸多因素有关。     

全肺切除手术分析

目的：探讨全肺切除术的病因及并发症。方法：分析199例全肺切除术的围手术期处理。结果：199例全肺切除术中，支气管残端均采用纵隔胸膜包埋；其中因肺肿瘤而实施全肺切除的189例，占95％（189／199）；心包内处理肺血管行全肺切除者27例，占13．6％（27／199）；术后30d内发生各类并发症35例，占17．6％（35／199）；其中心率失常20例，占10．1％（20／199），支气管胸膜瘘2例，占1％（2／199），死亡2例，死亡率1％（2／199）。结论：全肺切除的主要病因为肺部肿瘤；心包内全肺切除可提高病肺的手术切除率；史气管残端纵隔胸膜化能降低支气管胸膜瘘的发生；术后严格限制晶体补液量，滴注白蛋白等胶体液，利尿，减轻肺水肿，是防止心律失常及心功能不全的有效方法。     

支气管胸膜瘘1例治疗体会

支气管胸膜瘘是肺切除术后严重的并发症,处理困难,具有极高的致残率和致死率。2002～2009年通山县人民医院胸外科行肺叶或全肺切除术100余例,发生支气管胸膜瘘3例,其中2例是肺癌行肺叶切除术后,另1例是肺脓肿行肺叶切除术后。有2例发生于支气管残端,现将另1例非支气管残端瘘患者情况报道如下。1临床资料     

肺切除术后并发支气管胸膜瘘的临床分析

目的分析肺叶或全肺切除术后支气管胸膜瘘的临床诊治经验.方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2010年12月间肺叶或全肺切除术后1 263例患者的临床资料,并发支气管胸膜瘘者(BPF)18例,其中肺癌14例(77.8%),肺结核2例(11.1%),肺毁损2例(11.1%);行左肺叶切除2例(11.1%),左全肺切除6例(33.3%),右肺叶切除2例(11.1%),右全肺切除8例(44.4%).术式:手工缝合12例(66.7%),闭合器缝合6例(33.3%).结果并发患者管胸膜瘘18例中3例经纤维支气管镜注入医用生物蛋白胶治愈,5例行保守治疗,6例行二次开胸瘘口修补,1例患者带胸腔引流管出院,3例患者因并发呼吸衰竭、全身衰竭死亡.结论支气管胸膜瘘是肺叶或全肺切除术后严重的并发症之一,发病原因复杂,治疗困难,预后不佳,关键在于预防.一旦发生,应积极处理.     

肺切除178例支气管残端处理体会

支气管的处理是肺切除术的最后步骤,正确的处理是防止术后支气管残端瘘的关键。1981年3月至1999年3月我院共行各型肺切除178例,用闭式结扎或潜行缝扎法处理支气管残端,取得良好效果,现报道如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料:178例中男134例,女44例,年龄14～71岁。病程最短3天、最长35年。肺结核患者术前均经正规全程抗结核治疗。疾病种类:中央型肺癌21例、周围型肺癌50例,支气管扩张症68例,慢性肺脓疡11例,结核性毁损肺17例、肺结核球3例、结核性脓胸并支气管胸膜瘘1例,其他7例。术式:肺叶切除137例、肺叶加肺段切除20例、全肺切除11例、复合…     

奇静脉在支气管外科手术中的运用

1961～1987年运用奇静脉于支气管外科手术20例,包括支气管膜部外伤性缺损1例、右肺全切除后右主支气管残端缝合2例、右上肺叶切除后叶支气管残端处理17例。实践证明按常规处理支气管膜部缺损或缝合支气管残端有困难者,或估计组织愈合能力较差者,运用奇静脉后均可获得良好的疗效。     

支气管闭合器在肺切除术中的应用体会

目的：总结支气管闭合器在肺切除术中的应用体会。方法：235例中男160例，女75例，年龄17—73岁，平均58．7岁。全肺切除术13l例(55．7％)，肺叶切除术102例(43．4％)，全肺切除术2例(0．9％)。应用美国强生、外科公司支气管闭合器处理支气管残端。结果：发生支气管胸膜瘘l例(0．43％)，无死亡。结论：用支气管闭合器处理支气管残端优缺点共存，用带血管的组织包埋支气管残端可预防支气管胸膜瘘的发生，对伴易发因素者尤为重要。     

支气管残端闭合器在肺切除术中的应用

目的评价支气管残端闭合器在肺切除术中的应用方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析2002年2月至2008年2月应用支气管残端闭合器226例次,其中肺叶切除206例,全肺切除20例。结果本组226例患者均一次性成功闭合支气管,1例支气管残端有少许漏气,1例支气管断端少许渗血,支气管胸膜瘘1例,无死亡病例,余均康复顺利。结论支气管残端闭合器操作简单,节约时间,闭合牢固,手术并发症少,明显提高手术疗效,可降低支气管胸膜瘘的发生率。     

肺切除术34例术后支气管胸膜瘘的预防体会

近年来,随着对支气管残端愈合的认识逐渐深入,以及外科手术技术的提高和围手术期处理方法的改进,支气管胸膜瘘(Bronchopleural fistula,BPF)的发生率有所下降。然而一旦发生BPF,患者的生命将受到威胁,因而其预防显得尤为重要。特别是病变侵及支气管残端者,更易发生支气管胸膜瘘。现总结我院1999~2007年34例肺切除术后病变残留支气管残端的处理经验并分析报告如下。临床资料1一般资料本组34例,其中男26例,女8例,年龄平均57.6岁。原发性肺癌25例(右17例,左8例),肺结核9例(右7例,左2例)。肺切除34例中,右下叶切除3例,右中下叶切除14例(其中1例结扎缝合法处理残端术后3d发生瘘,二次开胸切除全肺并用水平褥式缝合加间断缝合法处理残端附加胸膜覆盖,效果良好),右上叶切除9例,左全肺切除8例。除9例肺储备功能大致正常外,其余25例肺储备功能为轻~中度混合性肺通气功能障碍。2手术及效果手术均在静脉复合全身麻醉下进行,标准剖胸切口,常规游离结扎加缝扎肺动静脉,注意保留周围正常胸膜组织,以备覆盖支气管残端用。游离支气管时不要将支气管周围组织剥离太彻底,以保证支气管血供。25例术中支气管残端...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.