先天性心脏病介入治疗1016例临床疗效分析

目的探讨先天性心脏病介入治疗的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析1016例行先天性心脏病介入治疗的先天性心脏病患者的临床资料,着重分析手术方法和结果。其中动脉导管未闭（PDA）364例,房间隔缺损（ASD）199例,室间隔缺损（VSD）270例,肺动脉瓣狭窄（PS）107例,房间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭22例,室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭11例,肺动脉瓣狭窄合并动脉导管未闭8例,房间隔缺损合并肺动脉瓣狭窄27例,房间隔缺损合并室间隔缺损3例,法洛四联症合并侧支5例。结果技术成功率98．6％（1002／1016）,全组无死亡。随访1～6个月,封堵器位置固定,无移位或破损。结论先天性心脏病介入治疗具有成功率高、创伤小、并发症低,操作简单,疗效确切,恢复快等特点,是治疗先天性心脏病的理想手段之一。     

国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病分析

目的 探讨国产封堵器用于先天性心脏病介入治疗的有效性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析2005年5月-2007年12月本院连续施行的先天性心脏病介入治疗152例患者病例资料,其中室间隔缺损101例,房间隔缺损31例,动脉导管未闭20例.采用经皮股静脉和/或股动脉穿刺法,术前、术后采用心脏彩超和心导管造影检查.术后病例随访1年评价疗效.结果 手术成功率99.3%(151/152),术后主要并发症7.2%(11/152),随访1年病例主要并发症1.6%(2/125).结论 国产封堵器用于先天性心脏病介入治疗成功率高、创伤小、并发症低.     

边疆地区国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病的应用

目的 探讨边疆地区利用国产封堵器开展先天性心脏病介入治疗的安全性、临床效果、可行性及应用特点.方法 回顾性分析70例边疆地区的先天性心脏病患者(33例继发孔型房间隔缺损,35例动脉导管未闭,2例卵圆孔未闭)应用国产封堵器进行介入封堵治疗的方法 、治疗效果和医疗费用.结果 69例封堵成功,1例失败,术后无并发症.全部患者每人住院费用均在2万元以内.结论 国产封堵器治疗先天性心脏病安全有效,值得临床推广应用,费用低廉,适合在边远经济落后地区应用.     

同期介入治疗先天性心脏病多发畸形疗效分析

目的:探讨经导管同期介入治疗先天性心脏病多发畸形的可行性、安全性和疗效,并分析其治疗策略。方法:选择136例先天性心脏病多发畸形患者,其中房间隔缺损(ASD)合并肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)46例,ASD合并室间隔缺损(VSD)32例,ASD合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)20例,VSD合并PDA 20例,PDA合并PS 12例,VSD合并PS 4例,PDA合并PS及ASD 1例,VSD合并PS及ASD 1例,所有患者均在导管室行同期介入治疗,治疗顺序为:肺动脉瓣狭窄球囊扩张术、室间隔缺损封堵术、动脉导管未闭封堵术、房间隔缺损封堵术。术后连续心电监护5天,并定期随访心电图(ECG)及经胸超声心动图(TTE)检查。结果:136例患者介入治疗均获成功,术后心导管造影及TTE提示封堵器固定好,未见残余分流。定期随访无严重并发症发生。结论:严格掌握适应证,正确选择手术操作顺序与方法,经导管同期介入治疗先天性心脏病多发畸形成功率高,疗效可靠。     

国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病的中长期疗效及安全性

目的 探讨国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病的中长期疗效及安全性。方法 71例先天性心脏病患者:动脉导管未闭（PDA）27例,房间隔缺损（ASD）22例,室间隔缺损（VSD）23例,其中1例VSD并发ASD,应用国产封堵器行介入治疗。随访1～5（4.1±2.1）年,观察其中长期疗效及安全性。 结果 71例患者成功介入治疗69例,成功率97%。1例ASD和1例VSD患者介入治疗未成功。5例患者术后即刻有微-少量残余分流,1月后复查残余分流消失。1例VSD患者术后出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,治疗后痊愈。随访1～5年无其他并发症出现。 结论 国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病近期及中远期疗效可靠,安全性好。     

儿童先天性心脏病介入治疗436例临床分析

目的总结儿童先天性心脏病介入治疗的临床经验,分析其疗效。方法2007年1月至2013年6月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院北院共施行0～14岁儿童先天性心脏病介入封堵治疗436例,其中继发孔型房间隔缺损213例,室间隔缺损83例,动脉导管未闭139例,房间隔缺损合并动脉导管1例。房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损及动脉导管未闭封堵术均采用Amplatzer法。结果全组患儿无手术死亡病例,封堵成功423例（97．4％）,房间隔缺损组、室间隔缺损组和动脉导管未闭组的成功封堵率分别为97．7％（208／213）,94．0％（79／83）,98．6％（137／139）。室间隔缺损封堵术后早期心律失常发生率较高（15．2％）。全组门诊心脏超声心动图、心电图、胸部X线片随访3-36个月,无残余分流、死亡及严重心脏事件。结论经导管介入治疗先天性心脏病创伤小、安全、可靠、成功率高,部分患者可替代外科手术。     

先天性心脏病介入治疗疗效观察

目的探讨导管介入治疗先天性心脏病的临床临床效果,评价治疗方式的疗效。方法采用回顾性分析我院2008年10月一2010年9月43例采用导管介入治疗先天性心脏病临床资,患者有动脉导管未闭（PDA）封堵的21例,有室间隔缺损（VSD）封堵的13例,有房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵的9例。结果43例采用导管介入治疗先天性心脏病患,其中动脉导管未闭（PDA）封堵的21例,封堵成功19例,成功率90．5％;室间隔缺损（VSD）封堵的13例,封堵成功12例,成功率92．3％;房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵的9例,封堵成功9例,成功率100％。结论在导管介入术后,随访1～3个月,未发现复发患者,患者对疗效满意结论导管介入治疗技术的发展成熟,在治疗先天性心脏病具有高效、安全、恢复快的特点,值得临床推广应用。     

国产封堵器治疗室间隔缺损516例的临床疗效分析

目的探讨国产封堵器治疗室间隔缺损的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析高州市人民医院2005年7月至2015年12月,在X线透视下采用经皮穿刺股动静脉法,或者食道超声心动图监测下经胸小切口行室间隔缺损封堵,共治疗516例,其中合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)22例,合并房间隔缺损(ASD)或卵圆孔未闭58例,合并肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)12例。结果技术成功率97.5%(503/516),全组无死亡。随访1~36个月,封堵器位置固定,无移位或破损。结论国产封堵器在室间隔缺损封堵治疗中具有成功率高、创伤小、并发症低、操作简单、疗效确切、恢复快等特点,是治疗先天性心脏病的理想手段。     

国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病39例临床分析潘娟 刘亚平 孙建辉 常州市第一人民医院

目的 探讨国产封堵器介入治疗先天性心脏病的近远期疗效及安全性.方法 回顾性分析我院2009年7月至2014年5月施行的39例先天性心脏病介入治疗的临床资料,其中室间隔缺损（VSD）6例、房间隔缺损（ASD）15例、动脉导管未闭（PDA）18例.应用经胸超声心动图（TTE）进行术前筛选、术中监测及术后随访.结果 手术即刻成功38例,总成功率为97％.1例ASD封堵器固定不良,放弃封堵,转外科开胸修补,1例ASD少量残余分流在近期随访观察中消失.术后随访3～48个月,无严重不良并发症.结论 经导管介入治疗先心病避免了开胸创伤大、全身麻醉及体外循环等高风险因素,操作简单,封堵效果好,术后恢复快,成功率高,安全性大,患者住院时间短.     

先心病及瓣膜病的介入治疗120例分析

目的：探讨介入封堵治疗先天性心脏病以及瓣膜病的治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析我院2009年11月至2010年4月间收治的120例先心病介入治疗患者的临床资料。结果：儿童组中,房间隔缺损16例,室间隔缺损12例,动脉导管未闭16例,均成功封堵,无并发症发生。少年组中,房间隔缺损12例,室间隔缺损8例,动脉导管未闭8例,均成功封堵,风心病二尖瓣狭窄8例,均穿刺成功。成人组中,房间隔缺损16例,均成功封堵,无并发症发生;室间隔缺损8例,4例成功封堵,4例封堵失败,均出现头痛并发症;动脉导管未闭12例,均成功封堵;肺动脉瓣狭窄4例穿刺成功。全部120例患者中,4例出现并发症（3.3%）,总有效率96.7%。结论：介入封堵术治疗先天性心脏病,手术成功率高,创伤小,并发症发病率低,临床效果显著。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.