雷诺嗪对缺血心肌的保护作用及其研究进展

雷诺嗪是一个新型的心血管治疗药物,其作用机制同其抑制心肌细胞动作电位中的晚期钠离子流有关。雷诺嗪能有效抑制晚钠内流,进而缓解心肌缺血,改善心脏舒缩功能和遏止相关心律失常的发生,临床研究表明雷诺嗪可提高运动耐量,减少心绞痛发作次数,减少硝酸甘油用量。雷诺嗪尚有抗心律失常和改善心脏收缩及舒张功能的作用。     

雷诺嗪对豚鼠在体心肌缺血-再灌注损伤心律失常的预防作用

目的:探讨雷诺嗪对豚鼠在体心肌缺血-再灌注损伤(MIRI)模型的心律失常的影响及其可能作用机制.方法:将40只MIRI模型豚鼠分为4组:假手术组,对照组(MIRI组),雷诺嗪注射组和雷诺嗪持续灌注组,观察各组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、再灌注心律失常发生情况.结果:与MIRI组比较,雷诺嗪注射组、雷诺嗪持续灌注组SOD活性增高,MDA含量降低,发生心室颤动的只数减少.结论:雷诺嗪可增强SOD活性,降低MAD水平,对抗MIRI过程的作用,减少再灌注心律失常的发生.     

新型口服抗凝药治疗70岁以上老年心房颤动患者疗效及安全性的Meta分析

目的:系统评价新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)治疗70岁以上老年心房颤动(房颤)患者疗效及安全性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane library等数据库,检索时间均从建库至2021年3月,收集其中收录的公开发表的关于NOACs(达比加群、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班、西美加群、艾多沙班)与华法林治疗70...     

莫雷西嗪治疗孤立性心房颤动的疗效和安全性

观察莫雷西嗪治疗孤立性心房颤动 (简称房颤 )的疗效和安全性。 56例孤立性房颤患者口服莫雷西嗪。经 6个月随访 ,总有效率6 7.9%。服药前后心电图、肝肾功能检查无明显变化。药物不良反应轻微 ,不影响继续治疗 ,无促心律失常事件发生。结论 :莫雷西嗪治疗孤立性房颤疗效高、耐受性好     

莫雷西嗪预防近期阵发性心房颤动的随机对照研究

开放随机对照观察莫雷西嗪在预防近期阵发性心房颤动 (房颤 )发作的临床疗效。　　方法　 10 3例近期起病的阵发性房颤患者 (病程≤ 7ｄ) ,入选时未观察到器质性心脏病或有高血压但不伴心力衰竭。患者随机分为 3组 :安慰剂组 30例 ,莫雷西嗪组 36例 ,普罗帕酮组 37例 ,口服剂量均为 6 0 0ｍｇ·ｄ- 1 。观察 2周 ,对初始药物预防无效患者交叉用药 ,Ⅱ组 11例莫雷西嗪治疗无效者改服普罗帕酮 ;Ⅲ组 2 0例普罗帕酮治疗无效者改服莫雷西嗪。　　结果　① 72ｈ内未出现房颤者 ,莫雷西嗪组 2 4例(6 6 7% ) ,明显高于普罗帕酮组的 14例 (37 8% ) …     

莫雷西嗪对阵发性心房颤动的疗效评价

目的 评估莫雷西嗪治疗阵发性心房颤动(房颤)患者的有效性和不良反应以及其对房颤负荷的影响.方法 入选阵发性房颤患者212例,给莫雷西嗪单药干预,并随访观察治疗1、6、12个月后房颤的再发情况、负荷量和不良反应.结果 服用莫雷西嗪1、6、12个月房颤再发率仅34％、32％、35％;用药前与用药后1、6、12个月平均心率,最大心率和最小心率均无明显变化,房颤负荷均有明显下降,并未见死亡和恶性室性心律失常.结论 莫雷西嗪可以作为预防、治疗阵发性房颤发作的选择药物之一.     

心房颤动外科消融治疗的系统评价与荟萃分析

目的:系统评价外科消融治疗心房颤动与传统方法相比的有效性与安全性。方法:通过检索MEDLINE等数据库,查找对比外科消融与传统方法治疗心房颤动的临床随机对照试验,并对合适的结局事件进行Meta分析。最后应用GRADE方法对整个证据体进行质量评价。结果:12个临床试验符合本文的纳入标准,这些试验共募集了1,044例患者。外科消融组中随访12个月时,仍保持窦性心律的患者的比例显著高于非消融治疗组(OR=7.10,95%CI:4.26~11.85)。外科消融并不明显增加手术风险。结论:外科消融治疗心房颤动具有较高的有效性与良好的安全性,随着消融器械的发展及电视胸腔镜下辅助心房颤动消融等技术引入临床,其适应证也可能会被进一步拓宽。     

雷诺嗪对豚鼠离体心肌缺血-再灌注损伤心功能的保护作用

目的 探讨雷诺嗪对豚鼠离体缺血-再灌注模型的心功能保护及其作用机制.方法通过离体Langendorff模型灌流方法,观察雷诺嗪对血流动力学改变和心肌钙离子含量变化的作用.结果雷诺嗪可增加缺血再灌注心肌 LVDP、+dp/dtmax和-dp/dtmax水平,减少再灌注末心肌组织Ca2+含量;R1、R2与I/R组相比较,P＜0.05,P＜0.05,P＜0.05,R1与R2组比较P＜0.05.结论雷诺嗪可改善心脏收缩、舒张功能,防止心肌细胞钙超载,并且呈剂量依赖性.     

消融指数指导心房颤动射频消融的有效性和安全性的荟萃分析

目的 系统评价消融指数指导心房颤动射频消融的有效性和安全性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库及维普数据库.搜集有关消融指数指导下行射频消融(试验组)与组织接触压力指导下行射频消融(对照组)的有效性及安全性比较的研究.提取相关数据并按照纽...     

2型糖尿病患者平均血小板容积与非瓣膜病心房颤动关系的研究

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者平均血小板容积(MPV)与非瓣膜病心房颤动(AF)的关系及其临床意义。方法：连续选择2013年4月至2015年4月在武汉大学人民医院心内科住院诊断为T2DM患者222例,根据其是否合并心房颤动分为房颤组及对照组,并进一步根据房颤的类型将房颤患者分为阵发性房颤组及持续性/永久性房颤组。统计各组患者的一般临床资料,入院24小时内实验室检查结果以及超声心动图检查,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果： 年龄、高血压病史、冠心病病史、红细胞分布宽度、平均血小板容积、肌酐、天冬氨酸转氨酶、左心房内径、左室射血分数在房颤组和对照组间比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多变量Logistic回归分析显示,高血压史、高龄及平均血小板容积增高为2型糖尿病患者发生心房颤动的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。阵发性房颤组、持续性/永久性房颤组及对照组MPV分别为11.6±1.0、11.8±1.1、11.1±1.0fL。MPV在阵发性房颤组与对照组间,以及在持续性/永久性房颤组与对照组间比较差异均具有统计学意义（均P=0.004）。而MPV在阵发性房颤组及持续性/永久性房颤组间比较,未见统计学差异（P=0.570）。MPV预测T2DM患者发生心房颤动的ROC曲线下面积为0.644（P<0.01,95%CI 0.569～0.719）。结论：2型糖尿病患者平均血小板容积与心房颤动的发生间具有相关关系。     

Efficacy, safety, and outcome of atrial fibrillation ablation in septuagenarians

Aims: Catheter ablation is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The outcome of AF ablation in septuagenarians is not clear. Our aim was to evaluate success rate, outcome, and complication rate of AF ablation in septuagenarians.
Methods and Results: We collected data from 174 consecutive patients over 75 years of age who underwent AF ablation from 2001 to 2006. AF was paroxysmal in 55%. High-risk CHADS score (≥2) was present in 65% of the population. Over a mean follow-up of 20 ± 14 months, 127 (73%) maintained sinus rhythm (SR) with a single procedure, whereas 47 patients had recurrence of AF. Twenty of them had a second ablation, successful in 16 (80%). Major acute complications included one CVA and one hemothorax (2/194 [1.0%]). During the follow-up, three patients had a CVA within the first 6 weeks after ablation. Warfarin was discontinued in 138 out 143 patients (96%) who maintained SR without AADs with no embolic event occurring over a mean follow-up of 16 ± 12 months.
Conclusion: AF ablation is a safe and effective treatment for AF in septuagenarians.     

Efficacy and safety of vernakalant for cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia encountered in clinical practice and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of vernakalant for cardioversion of recent-onset AF.Methods:A comprehensive systematic literature search will be conducted in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the vernakalant with AF. Two reviewers will independently assess the quality of the selected studies according to the Cochrane Collaboration''s tool for RCTs. The bias risk of the RCT will be assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool. The quality of the evidence will be evaluated by Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results from these questions will be graphed and assessed using Review Manager 5.3.Results:The results of this meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusion:This review will evaluate the safety and efficacy of vernakalant for patients with AF, provide more recommendations for patients or researchers, and high-level evidence for clinical decision-making.     

Efficiency and safety of ablation procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in valve surgery: A PRISMA-compliant cumulative systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Atrial fibrillation is the main complication of patients who suffer from valvular heart disease (VHD), which may lead to an increased susceptibility to ventricular tachycardia, atrial dysfunction, heart failure, and stroke. Therefore, seeking a safe and effective therapy is crucial in prolonging the lives of patients with VHD and improving their quality of life.Methods:Our target database included PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, from which published articles were retrieved from inception to June 2020. We retrieved all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared patients undergoing valve surgery with (VSA) or without ablation (VS) procedure. Studies to be included were screened and data extraction was performed independently by 2 investigators. The Cochrane risk-of-bias table was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included RCTs. The mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and relative risk (RR) ratio was calculated to analyze the data. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I² and chi-square tests. Egger test and the trim and fill analysis were used to further determine publication bias.Results:Fourteen RCTs that included 1376 patients were eventually selected for this meta-analysis. Surgical ablation was found to be effective in restoring sinus rhythm in valvular surgery patients at discharge (RR 2.91, 95% CI [1.17, 7.20], I² 97%, P = .02), 3 to 6 months (RR 2.85, 95% CI [2.27, 3.58], I² 49%, P < .00001), 12 months, and more than 1 year after surgery (RR 3.54, 95% CI [2.78, 4.51], I² 27%, P < .00001). All-cause mortality (RR 0.98, 95% CI [0.64, 1.51], I² 0%, P = .94) and stroke (RR 1.29, 95% CI [0.70, 2.39], I² 0%, P = .57) were similar in the VSA and VS groups. Compared with VS, VSA prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (MD 30.44, 95% CI [17.55, 43.33], I² 88%, P < .00001) and aortic cross-clamping time (MD 19.57, 95% CI [11.10, 28.03], I² 89%, P < .00001). No significant differences were found between groups with respect to the risk of bleeding (RR 0.64, 95% CI [0.37, 1.12], I² 0%, P = .12), heart failure (RR 1.11, 95% CI [0.63, 1.93], I² 0%, P = .72), and low cardiac output syndrome (RR 1.41, 95% CI [0.57, 3.46], I² 18%, P = .46). However, the demand for implantation of a permanent pacemaker was significantly higher in the VSA group (RR 1.84, 95% CI [1.15, 2.95], I² 0%, P = .01).Conclusion:Although we found high heterogeneity in the restoration of sinus rhythm at discharge, we assume that the comparison is valid at this time, given the current state in the operating room. This study provides evidence of the efficacy and security of concomitant ablation intervention for patients with VHD and atrial fibrillation. Surgical ablation would increase the safety of implantation of a permanent pacemaker in the population that underwent valve surgery.     

Comparative efficacy and safety of wenxin granule combined with antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation: A protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Background:The combination of Chinese patent medicine Wenxin Granules (WXG) and antiarrhythmic drugs has been widely used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the results are controversial. This study will conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) based on data from randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of WXG combined with ADDs (amiodarone, metoprolol, propafenone, bisoprolol, or other antiarrhythmic drugs) in the treatment of AF, which will perform comparisons or rankings of efficacy among the currently available therapeutic schemes in order to provide evidence to determine the optimal threshold and treatment regimen to AF patients.Methods and analysis:A comprehensive systematic literature search will be conducted in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang database for randomized controlled trials about the WXG with ADDs. The NMA will be conducted following the PRISMA-NMA guidelines. Statistical analyses will be conducted by using Stata software (version 14.0) and RevMan software (version 5.3).Results:The results of this NMA will provide a high-quality evidence for the efficacy of WXG combined with ADDs in the treatment of AF, and a ranking of the therapeutic classes will also be presented.Conclusion:The protocol will provide updated evidence for the application of WXG for AF.     

非瓣膜病房颤患者VKORC1与CYP2C9基因多态性华法林抗凝剂量模型临床疗效评价

目的：验证非瓣膜病房颤患者运用VKORC1与CYP2C9基因多态性华法林抗凝剂量模型的有效性与可行性,以探求华法林个体化临床应用,缩短达标时间,提高该药使用率与依从性。方法：选择沈阳医学院附属第二医院心血管内科住院治疗非瓣膜性房颤患者分为模型组与经验组,两组各60例,记录基线资料,并提取空腹静脉血检测VKORC1-1639与CYP2C9基因多态性。模型组患者日剂量根据既定公式计算所得给予华法林片,经验组根据医师临床用药经验及体重给予起始剂量。随访6个月,记录达稳定剂量时间,INR达标时间,计算INR在治疗目标范围内的时间百分比(TTR)。结果：两组需要服用华法林进行抗凝治疗的患者基线指标比较差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。模型组预测剂量与实际剂量较为接近,有63%的患者未调整剂量,该比例明显高于经验组,达稳态维持剂量时间亦短于经验组,同时模型组INR达标时间较短。此外模型组TTR＞60%患者为39例(53.4%),而经验组为28例(37.3%)。结论：利用针对中国人群的基于VKORC1与CYP2C9基因多态性华法林抗凝剂量模型对非瓣膜病房颤患者进行华法林起始及稳定剂量预测,模型的预测准确性可达60%以上。该模型具有一定的临床实用价值。     

高血压合并阵发性房颤患者检测红细胞分布宽度的临床意义

【】目的 探讨在高血压合并阵发性房颤患者中检测红细胞分布宽度的临床意义。方法 选择2013-2015年在黄石市中心医院心内科住院的高血压患者343例,根据是否合并阵发性房颤分为高血压组(单纯组)248例及高血压合并阵发性房颤组(联合组)95例,统计入选患者的一般临床资料,入院24小时内实验室检查及超声心动图结果,并进行统计学分析。结果 年龄,收缩压,RDW(红细胞分布宽度),LDL(低密度脂蛋白),LAD(左房内径)及LVEF(左室射血分数)在联合组及单纯组间相比,差异具有统计学意义(p＜0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现收缩压,RDW,LAD为高血压并发心房颤动的预测因子。线性相关分析发现LAD及收缩压均与RDW成明显正相关(r分别为0.36及0.46,均p＜0.05)。RDW预测高血压患者并发阵发性房颤的ROC曲线下面积为0.628,95%CI(0.560~0.696),最佳cut-off值为13.14,敏感度和特异度分别为62.6%和61.6%,p＜0.001。结论 高血压患者RDW水平升高可能与阵发性房颤的发生密切相关。