腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石60例疗效观察

目的:探讨腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床意义。方法:120例胆囊结石患者随机分为两组,每组60例。胆囊切除组患者采用标准三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗;胆囊保留组患者采取腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗。观察两组患者术中出血量、住院时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院费用及并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院费用等对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);胆囊保留组中术中出血量低于胆囊切除组,术后并发症率明显少于胆囊切除组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石,更有利于减少术中创伤和术后不良反应,是治疗胆囊结石的理想方法。     

微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的疗效比较

目的对微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的疗效进行比较。方法将215例胆囊结石患者分为微创保胆取石组(97例)和腹腔镜胆囊切除组(118例),微创保胆取石组患者须术前检查胆囊功能良好。对两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后疼痛程度、术后住院时间、并发症、住院费用等项目进行统计分析。结果微创保胆取石组术后均恢复良好,无严重并发症发生,经复查B超未见胆囊或胆总管残余结石。两组比较,微创保胆取石组手术时间和住院时间较短、出血量少、术后排气时间短、术后疼痛轻、并发症少、费用较低(P0.05)。两组随访2.5年,未见结石复发和胆管狭窄和癌变。结论微创保胆取石术具有提高生活质量,减少出血量、缩短手术时间和住院时间、减少并发症发生、降低住院费用等优势。     

腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石

目的:对腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术在胆囊结石患者手术治疗中的应用方式和疗效进行详细探究。方法:选取本院2015年7月至2018年5月收治的40例胆囊结石患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式不同,将所有患者分为对照组20例以及观察组20例。对于对照组患者,采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,对于观察组患者,采用腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗。对两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间术后饮食恢复时间、住院时间进行统计比较。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术后排气时间、术后饮食恢复时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组患者,同时术中出血量也明显少于对照组患者,组间差异显著,具有统计学意义,P0.05。结论:应用腹腔镜与胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石患者,能够有效提升治疗效果,改善患者预后,值得推广应用。     

微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石疗效观察

目的探讨微创保胆取石术和腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效和安全性,方法将28例行保胆取石术和22例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的术中和术后情况,对比其切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、止痛剂使用情况、切口感染率及住院时间、随访比较两组消化不良、腹胀腹泻、胆总管结石发生率。结果在术中出血量和术后消化不良、腹胀和腹泻发生率方面,内镜微创保胆取石低于腹腔镜胆囊切除,在切口长度。手术时间,肛门排气时间,术后止痛剂使用情况,切口感染,住院时间及胆总管结石发生率方面,内镜微创保胆取石与腹腔镜胆囊切除无显著差异,保胆组随访期间未见结石复发,结论在严格掌握适应症,保证手术彻底性的前提下,内镜微创保胆取石术是一种安全且值得推广的治疗胆囊结石的方法。     

微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效对比

目的:探讨微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效。方法:随机抽选2016年8月至2017年8月期间来我院就诊的胆囊结石患者60例作为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为观察组以及对照组,观察组30例实行微创保胆取石术治疗,对照组30例实行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,实验结束后,分析患者的手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、住院时间以及并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、住院时间以及并发症发生率相对于对照组较低,P0.05。结论:微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石均具有一定效果,但微创保胆取石术效果更加显著,可有效缩短住院时间,降低并发症发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜下行保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石61例分析

目的:观察腹腔镜下保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效。方法:121例胆囊结石患者分为2组,观察组行腹腔镜下保胆取石术,对照组行开腹保胆取石术,对比2组患者临床指标。结果:观察组出血量、手术时间、肛门排气时间、住院时间、镇痛药物使用率、疼痛指数明显低于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。术后并发症发生率低。结论:腹腔镜保胆取石术创伤小、临床疗效明显、并发症少,值得临床推广。     

内镜微创保胆取石术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床对比分析

目的探讨内镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床应用价值及安全性。方法回顾性分析我院2008年2月～2011年7月收治的胆囊结石患者40例的临床资料,分为内镜微创保胆取石术组（EndoscoPic Minimally Invasive Cholecystolithotomy,EMIC）20例和腹腔镜胆囊切除术组（Laparo-scopic Cholecystectomy,LC）20例比较观察两组间手术时间,术中出血量,肛门排气时间,术后住院时间,住院费用及并发症等。结果两组手术时间、住院费用及术中出血量无明显差异,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,EMIC组术后排气时间及住院时间均明显少于LC组（P〈0.05）,且无术后腹泻等消化不良症状。结论内镜微创保胆取石术和腹腔镜胆囊切除术相比,具有安全性高,痛苦轻、康复快、并发症少等优点,既达到了微创治疗的目的 ,同时保持了胆道的完整性及胆囊功能,值得推广。     

三镜联合微创保胆取石术的体会

目的探讨三镜联合微创保单取石术的临床效果。方法选取我院收治的胆囊结石患者30例作为研究对象,按照治疗方式分为两组,对照组14例采用微创保胆取石术,观察组16例采用腹腔镜、胆囊镜、胆道软镜三镜联合微创保胆取石术,对比两组临床效果。结果观察组术中出血量、手术时间、首次排气时间以及术后住院时间与对照组相比差异明显,有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组并发症发生率为6.3%,无复发现象,显著低于对照组的28.6%与35.7%,对比差异明显,有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用三镜联合微创保胆取石术临床效果明显,可减少患者手术、首次排气以及住院时间,减少复发现象与并发症,值得临床推广。     

腹腔镜保胆取石术对胆囊结石患者胃肠道功能恢复的影响

［摘要］ 目的　探索腹腔镜下微创保胆取石术对胆囊结石患者的手术效果及术后胃肠道功能恢复的影响．方法　将2013年6月至2015年6月核工业四一六医院普外科收治的胆囊结石患者372例分为观察组（行腹腔镜微创保胆取石术）和对照组（行腹腔镜胆囊切除术），每组186例．比较2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数、饮食恢复时间、胃肠道功能恢复情况以及术后随访情况．结果　观察组术中出血量和术后饮食恢复时间均好于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组术后肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门首次排气及排便时间均短于对照组，胃肠道不良反应发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；术后随访，观察组术后腹胀腹泻等不良反应发生率为4.30%，显著低于对照组（17.20%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）．结论　腹腔镜下微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石具有术中出血量少、术后饮食恢复时间短、患者胃肠道恢复快，不良反应发生率低等优点，有较好的临床应用价值．     

内镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床效果

目的观察内镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床效果。方法选取太康县人民医院2017年1月至2018年11月收治的80例胆囊结石患者,采用随机数表法分为两组,各40例。对照组接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,观察组接受内镜微创保胆取石术治疗。比较两组手术情况、术后恢复情况及并发症发生情况。结果观察组手术用时较对照组短,术中失血量较对照组小,患者下床活动时间、首次排气时间、住院时间均较对照组短,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对照组和观察组并发症发生率分别为10.00%(4/40)、5.00%(2/40),两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用内镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石,可有效减轻手术创伤,加快患者术后恢复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.