低磁场MR CBASS在颈椎椎间盘病变中的应用价值

目的：探讨CBASS序列在低磁场MR颈椎椎间盘病变诊断中的应用价值。方法：在低磁场MR上对39例颈椎分别行普通FE(GRE)T2*加权序列、普通FSE T1加权序列及CBASS序列的3mm薄层横断扫描，重建图像请有经验的放射科医生采用双盲法进行评价，评价内容包括椎间盘、蛛网膜下腔、椎间盘与蛛网膜下腔脑脊液之间界限显示情况，评价标准分三个等级。另外，对图像显示的椎间盘与蛛网膜下腔脑脊液的组织对比噪声比进行定性测量。结果：CBASS序列无论在显示椎间盘、蛛网膜下腔、椎间盘与蛛网膜下腔脑脊液之间界限都明显好于普通SE、FE(GRE)T1或T2、T2*加权序列。CBASS序列不仅信噪比极高，对流动不敏感，而且扫描时间大大缩短。结论：CBASS序列在颈椎椎间盘横断薄层扫描中具有重要的应用价值，在低磁场MR上值得推广。     

MR在妊娠中晚期正常胎儿及胎盘检查中的应用价值

目的了解正常胎儿主要器官及胎盘的MRI表现。资料与方法对36例孕20周以上正常胎儿行MRI检查,采用单次激发快速自旋回波序列(SSFSE),从胎儿头颅、躯干轴位、冠状位、矢状位等多体位观察胎儿各系统主要器官,包括脑、肺、心脏、肝、脾、胃肠道等和胎盘的解剖和MRI表现。结果 36例胎儿MRI检查结果表明:中枢神经系统:孕20周以后大脑三层结构在SSFSE上已经可以辨别,皮质与脑室周围的生发层呈稍低信号,中间白质为高信号。双侧侧脑室在25周前呈生理性扩大状态,枕角明显,25周后逐渐缩小;孕20周时,两侧大脑皮层光滑,无明显沟回形成;孕23周时,仅见双侧侧裂池初具形态;23～30周,两侧大脑皮质主要沟回逐渐形成;30～37周,两侧脑皮质脑沟、回形成明显增多。呼吸循环系统:两肺呈高信号,纵隔内心脏、大血管及两肺纹理呈低信号。消化系统:胃泡、胆囊呈高信号,肠管不扩张时呈等低信号,部分肠管内见低信号胎粪影。肝脏、脾脏呈等低信号位于上腹部两侧。泌尿系统:双侧肾脏呈卵圆形等低信号,膀胱呈囊性高信号位于盆腔内。骨骼、肌肉系统:脊柱、四肢呈低信号,肌肉呈等信号。胎盘信号从均匀、稍高信号向不均匀、稍低信号过渡,胎盘边缘也从平滑向分叶状过渡。结论快速MRI能清楚显示胎儿各主要器官正常解剖和发育变化,同时可以对胎盘成熟度进行准确判断。     

飞利浦Achieva 3.0 T MR在下肢较大范围检查中的应用

<正>与CT和X线相比,MRI具有软组织分辨力高、可功能成像的优势[1],3.0T MR与1.5T及更低场强的MR相比,其SNR、空间分辨力更高,扫描层厚可以更薄[2],能够对患者进行更为细致和全面的检查。因没有配备专门的下肢线圈,现探讨应用现有线圈行下肢较长部位MRI扫描的一些     

ZTE成像技术在颈椎骨赘检测中的应用价值

目的 探讨零回波时间(ZTE)成像技术在检测颈椎椎体骨赘中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析经临床诊断为退行性颈椎病,行CT及MRI检查的30例患者临床及影像资料.以CT为参照标准,计算ZTE及常规矢状位T1WI、T2WI序列检测椎体骨赘的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值.比较ZTE与常规T1WI、T2WI序列中骨赘及...     

水脂分离技术在低场MR前列腺检查中的应用

目的 :探讨水脂分离技术在前列腺检查中的应用价值。方法 :对 5 0例健康志愿者 ,42例前列腺癌 ,73例前列腺增生 ,3 5例前列腺炎的磁共振资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :水脂分离技术在显示前列腺周围解剖结构上优于短TI反转恢复序列 (STIR)、FSET2 WI、SET1WI ,更有利于前列腺癌的分期诊断。结论 :低场MR检查中 ,水脂分离技术可替代STIR在前列腺检查中的应用。     

PROPELLER技术在颅脑MR成像中的临床应用价值

目的:探讨PROPELLER(螺旋浆)技术对改善颅脑MRI检查时运动伪影的临床应用价值.方法:6例健康志愿者进行静止状态、摇头和点状动作时的MRI检查,以及50例临床受检者,均行PROPELLER-T2WI和FSE-T2WI横轴面扫描.使用GE Signa HD 1.5T双梯度磁共振扫描仪.选取受检者同一层面的FSE-T2WI和PROPELLER-T2WI图像,由3位高年资的影像科医师,对其图像质量进行评价,分析图像的运动伪影和优质片率状况,采用统计学x2检验.结果:正常健康志愿者6例,选取136个层面的272幅图像进行比较,使用PROPELLER-T2WI扫描序列比采用常规FSET2WI扫描序列所获得的图像运动伪影明显减少(χ2=1012.829,P＜0.001),优质图像的显示率明显提高(x2=187.049,P＜0.001);临床受检者50例,选取320个层面的640幅图像进行比较,使用PROPELLER-T2WI扫描序列比采用常规FSE-T2WI扫描序列所获得的图像运动伪影明显减少(χ2=318.418,P＜0.001),优质图像的显示率明显提高(x2=1047.273,P＜0.001),对颅内病变的显示能力,PROPELLER-T2WI优于FSE-T2WI,PROPELLER-T2WI对小病灶显示有较好的清晰度.结论:PROPELLER-MRI解决了显著头动患者进行MRI检查提供一种可能,避免对躁动患者实施药物镇静或进行全身麻醉,PROPELLER MRI具有较高临床实用价值.     

颈椎郎格罕细胞组织细胞增生症的MR征象分析

目的 探讨颈椎郎格罕细胞组织细胞增生症的MR表现.方法 回顾分析25例经病理证实的颈椎郎格罕细胞组织细胞增生症的MR征象.结果 25例中有2例为多发病变,4例有邻近椎骨侵犯,7例累及脊椎前部结构,18例同时累及椎骨的前、后部结构,24例椎体有压缩,25例可见软组织肿块.全部病例在T1WI上为等、稍低或低信号,在T2WI上为稍高或高信号,脂肪抑制序列上为高信号,13例行增强扫描病变均明显强化,无坏死囊变.20例在脊柱长轴方向上侵犯的范围超过受累脊椎水平,17例软组织侵犯椎管,呈局限性生长.结论 颈椎郎格罕细胞组织细胞增生症的MR征象具有一定特征性,对该病的诊断具有较大的帮助,但确诊仍需依靠病理活检.     

MR高分辨血管壁成像技术在预测缺血性脑卒中中的应用价值

目的:利用3.0 T MR高分辨血管壁成像(HRVWI)技术分析缺血性脑卒中(IS)患者颅内动脉斑块T2WI序列和增强扫描的信号特征及其与IS之间的关系.方法:回顾性分析42例IS患者的HRVWI资料,T2WI序列斑块信号强度按高、等低分2个等级;增强扫描强化程度分为无强化、轻度强化和明显强化3个等级.根据DWI上是否...     

下颈椎退变性失稳的动态磁共振检查

介绍颈椎退变的解剖学基础及影像学检查方法,主要对退变性颈椎失稳的病理生理及颈椎动态磁共振表现进行综述,并与颈椎病的其他常用检查方法进行比较。     

MR各向同性检查技术对比常规检查技术在踝关节检查中的初步探讨

目的 探讨磁共振各向同性检查技术与常规检查技术在踝关节检查中对图像质量及诊断精度的影响.方法 对踝关节磁共振检查时常用的二维2D-FSE序列进行参数调整使其达到各向同性的三维序列3D-FSE-Cube,然后对10名健康志愿者的踝关节分别进行扫描,最后对所获得的图像的质量、模糊度、伪影、信噪比及对比度噪声比等进行综合分析评价.结果 3D-FSE-Cube lD序列获得的关节软骨、关节液及肌肉的SNR要明显高于2D-FSE序列,3D-FSE-Cube2D序列与2D-FSE序列没有明显差别.3D-FSE-Cube序列与2D-FSE相比除在模糊度上3D-FSE-Cube序列较明显外在图像质量、伪影上没有明显差别.结论 磁共振各向同性检查技术与常规检查技术相比无论在图像信噪比或是图像诊断精度方面都占有绝对优势.     

The role of the cervical spine in post-concussion syndrome

While much is known regarding the pathophysiology surrounding concussion injuries in the acute phase, there is little evidence to support many of the theorized etiologies to post-concussion syndrome (PCS); the chronic phase of concussion occurring in ～10–15% of concussed patients. This paper reviews the existing literature surrounding the numerous proposed theories of PCS and introduces another potential, and very treatable, cause of this chronic condition; cervical spine dysfunction due to concomitant whiplash-type injury. We also discuss a short case-series of five patients with diagnosed PCS having very favorable outcomes following various treatment and rehabilitative techniques aimed at restoring cervical spine function.     

Roentgen examination of cervical spine injuries in the athlete

The roentgen evaluation of the cervical spine must be performed immediately following the possibility of injury and in such a manner as not to compromise the neurologic status of the patient. Subtle roentgen findings indicating ligamentous injuries must be recognized so that they can be treated prior to developing cervical spine instability. Occult fractures, which may be difficult to diagnose on plain films and require multiple radiographic modalities, must be diagnosed so as to prevent prolonged intractable neck pain. Most importantly, recognizing the mechanism of injury and prevention of cervical spine injuries are critical to prevent catastrophic cervical spine injuries secondary to athletic participation.     

MRI cervical spine findings in asymptomatic fighter pilots

MRI of the cervical spine for evaluation concerning degenerative lesions was performed on asymptomatic experienced military high performance aircraft pilots (mean age 42 yr with mean accumulated flying time of 2600 h), and for comparison on age-matched controls without military flying experience. Young military high performance aircraft pilots (mean age 23 yr with 220 h of flying per person) were also examined. There were significantly more osteophytes, disk protrusions, compressions of the spinal cord and foraminal stenoses in the experienced pilots than in the age-matched controls. Low frequency of low grade degenerative lesions was found in the young and inexperienced pilots.     

MRI of the cervical spine: rheumatoid arthritis compared with cervical spondylosis

This study is a comparison of the cervical spine MR images from 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine with those from an age and sex matched group suffering from cervical spondylosis. Erosion of bone and major atlanto-axial subluxation were confined to rheumatoid arthritis. Soft tissue changes revealed by MRI included distortion of normal ligaments and bursae around the dens, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis. Abnormal masses of soft tissue were found in both groups, but those suggesting acute inflammation were much more frequent in rheumatoid arthritis than in cervical spondylosis. Neural compression was well demonstrated, and in rheumatoid arthritis was usually caused by bony structures whereas in cervical spondylosis it was usually due to disc material. It is concluded that MRI should be used as the first investigation to follow plain films in rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine. Bone and soft tissue changes are clearly shown, but interpretation of the images requires the recognition that some observed abnormalities may be due to coincidental cervical spondylosis.