利用双聚类算法探测综合医学与内科学知识基础及研究前沿

目的：利用双聚类算法探测综合医学与内科学知识基础及研究前沿。方法：收集综合医学与内科学高影响力杂志的数据,利用gCLUTO软件对数据进行双聚类分析,获取综合医学与内科学领域知识基础和学科前沿。结果：近年来综合医学与内科学的研究前沿表现为6个方面,临床流行病学和循证医学越来越多地与临床医学结合,成为临床研究者关注的方向。结论：双聚类算法在探测学科知识基础及研究前沿具有可行性,在未来的研究中可以将双聚类算法推广到各领域的学科发展评价中。     

基于双聚类算法探测引文分析的知识基础及研究前沿

基于双聚类算法对引文分析相关的高被引文献及其来源文献同时聚类,从高被引论文(知识基础)出发,依据聚类模块选择与高被引论文簇关系最为密切的来源文献代表研究前沿,总结引文分析的知识基础和研究前沿,从而了解专题发展脉络,为科学研究提供参考方向。     

基于双聚类方法的乳腺癌相关酶研究前沿

以2009-2011年和2012-2014年PubMed收录的乳腺癌相关酶研究的文献为数据源,利用TDA进行数据清洗、实体抽取和构建共词矩阵 ;利用gCLUTO进行双聚类,形成类团,识别研究前沿热点;利用相关算法识别出类团的演化关系。     

基于文本挖掘的乳腺癌相关蛋白研究前沿探析

目的：利用文本挖掘方法,聚类分析近几年乳腺癌相关酶的研究现状,并利用相关算法识别类团的演化。方法：以2009-2011年和2012-2014年Pubmed数据库中收录的乳腺癌相关酶研究的文献为数据源,采用文本挖掘技术,进行数据清洗,实体抽取,构建共词矩阵并进行双聚类,形成类团,并对比两阶段类团的变化。结果：通过双聚类,识别相关酶的类团及与之对应的相关乳腺癌概念,并利用相关算法识别出类团的演化关系。结论：利用双聚类算法及相关演化算法可以识别乳腺癌相关酶研究的演化,希望对科研工作者提供有益的指导。     

滑动时间窗视角下科学基金研究前沿探测

研究前沿是某领域处于先锋地位的研究内容。想要更好的理解当下和未来的研究趋势,需要时刻关注领域的研究前沿。文章综述了前人的研究方法,指出其共有问题,提出滑动时间窗视角下基于科学基金的前沿探测方法。并在选取最优聚类算法的基础上,以肿瘤学为例探测其研究前沿。结果表明Agglomerative的聚类效果最优,对4个滑动时间窗内的数据进行共词聚类分析,探测其研究前沿并分析其演化规律。     

利用突发检测算法探测学科前沿及知识基础

以h指数研究领域为例,利用CiteSpace软件对数据进行突发检测分析,获取h指数研究领域知识基础和学科前沿,分析突发检测算法的优越性和不足.本研究为今后学科前沿和知识基础探测提供了有益参考.     

基于核心期刊数据源的医学信息教育研究热点及前沿识别潘 玮1 邓乐乐1 张 敏1 陈兴智1

[目的/意义]识别医学信息教育领域研究热点和前沿,为把握领域发展状况,制定领域发展战略提供决策支持。[方法/过程] 以医学信息教育领域核心期刊为数据源,选取2007-2016年十年间与医学信息教育相关的540篇文献信息作为样本数据,经数据清洗后利用CitespaceⅢ软件关键词共现聚类算法和爆发词探测算法对医学信息教育领域的研究热点和前沿进行识别。[结果/结论]识别出医学信息教育领域十年间的七大研究热点和四个阶段的研究前沿。     

基于引文网络的医学各学科间知识流动的规律与启示

以CNKI引文数据库医药卫生专题下的数据为研究对象,利用社会网络分析方法,分析了我国医学领域内的知识交流特点。结果表明：临床医学的知识流入量和知识流出量都位居第一,是知识交流网络中的核心;基础医学是其他医学学科的理论基础,属于医学网络中的重要知识源;中医学与外科学及其他临床类学科的交流密切;在跨学科医学研究中肿瘤学表现得比较活跃;口腔医学和精神病学在知识交流网络中与其他学科的交流较少,是独立性较强的两个学科。利用这些特点开展学科信息推送服务,可提高信息服务的针对性,加速不同医学学科间的知识交流,推动医学领域内的跨学科合作研究。     

基于核心期刊数据源的医学信息教育研究热点分析

以2007-2016年医学信息教育领域核心期刊发表的医学信息教育相关文献540篇为样本数据,利用CiteSpaceⅢ软件关键词共现聚类算法和爆发词探测算法对医学信息教育领域的研究热点和前沿进行识别,得出我国医学信息教育领域10年间的七大研究热点和4个阶段的研究前沿,为把握领域发展趋势、制定领域发展战略提供决策支持。     

国外医学信息学领域研究前沿

利用BICOMB、VOSviewer、SPSS等分析软件,以PubMed数据库中医学信息学领域核心期刊2010-2014年的科技文献为数据来源,绘制共现网络图、热点密度图和聚类树图,探测国外医学信息学领域研究前沿,研究显示国外医学信息学领域的研究前沿主要包括电子健康档案的自然语言处理和数据挖掘,医疗决策帮助系统,计算机辅助的药物治疗,临床决策支持,医疗保健的态度、质量和模式,病案系统及其联动,信息系统及其整合等。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.