动态心电图检出的室性心动过速分析

室性心动过速 (ＶＴ)为严重的心律失常 ,常规心电图难以检测到短阵发作者。我们对 3 5 60例动态心电图 (ＤＣＧ)资料中检出的 5 3例短阵ＶＴ进行分析 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法5 3例中男 3 3例、女 2 0例 ,年龄 2 2～76(平均 5 3 6)岁。冠心病 3 4例 (包括急性心肌梗死 5例和陈旧性心梗 3例 ) ,病毒性心肌炎 8例 ,晕厥待查 5例 ,心肌病2例 ,风心病 2例 ,甲状腺肿物、贲门癌术前各 1例。监测仪器为美国ＤｅｒＭａｒ - 2 63型Ⅲ导磁带式记录仪。记录时间为 2 4ｈ。受检者将 2 4ｈ内的一切活动和症状详细填写在日志上。结果由人机对话分析 ,…     

短阵室性心动过速25例24小时动态心电图分析

短阵室性心动过速 (室速 ) ,在常规心电图上难以测得。1999年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月 ,我们对 2 5例室性心动过速患者采用 2 4小时动态心电图监测 ,并对其资料进行分析 ,报告如下。临床资料 :室性心动过速 2 5例患者 ,男 18例 ,女 7例 ,年龄 45～ 78岁 ,平均年龄 62岁。每例均在 1次动态心电图记录中发现连续 3次以上室性早搏。本组早搏型 16例 ,并行心律型 2例 ,室性自主节律型 7例。本组室速均为单源性。 2 5例患者室速发生时 ,出现头晕、黑朦 2例 ,心悸、胸闷 4例 ,其余患者均无症状出现。2 5例中 ,15例发生在睡眠时 (其中 2例发生在午睡 …     

动态心电图检出阵发性室性心动过速100例分析

目的探讨动态心电图（DCG）检出室性心动过速的心电图特征及临床意义。方法对3512例24hDCG监测中检出的100例阵发性室性心动过速（PVT）患者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果检出100例PVT2360阵次,其中24h内发生1阵46例,2～10阵36例,10阵以上18例。属多源室性期前收缩（PVS）68例,单源PVS32例,ST-T改变者90例,大部分患者合并有其他心律失常。结论对24hDCC检出阵发性室性心动过速,应结合临床表现进行全面分析,充分认识其高危因素,并客观评价其预后。     

24h动态心电图短阵室性心动过速分析

短阵室性心动过速(室速)在常规心电图中难以测得。为此,我们对890例24h动态心电图(DCG)资料中的25例室速患者进行重点分析,旨在探索室速发生、临床症状的规律。     

动态心电图检出短阵性室性心动过速的临床和心电图分析

本文收集经 2 4ｈ动态心电图 (ＤＣＧ)检出的短阵性室性心动过速 (ＶＴ) 64例 ,其临床和心电图作一初步分析 ,探讨ＤＣＧ检出ＶＴ的临床意义和发生机制。1　资料与方法64例均为住院患者 ,用美国惠普公司 32 4 5Ａ动态心电图仪 2 4ｈ监测 ,其中男性 46例 ,女性 1 8例 ,年龄 43～ 84(65 41± 8 0 2 )岁 ,病史及各项检查明确诊断。基础心脏病为冠心病 46例 ,高血压心脏病 1 0例 ,肺源性心脏病 6例 ,扩张性心肌病 2例。其中 6例为急性心肌梗死 ,1 2例为陈旧性心肌梗死 ,2 2例合并脑出血或脑梗死。Ｘ线胸片、超声心动描记提示 40例有不同程度心房…     

动态心电图检出短阵室性心动过速的临床和心电图分析

一般认为器质性心脏病发生Lown分级Ⅲ级以上的室性心律失常易引发心室颤动而致猝死,故属恶性心律失常.本文收集经24h动态心电图检出的短阵室性心动过速32例,就其临床和心电图作一初步分析,旨在探讨动态心电图检出短阵室性心动过速的临床意义和发生机制.临床资料本组32例均为住院患者.用英国牛津公司产 Prima型动态心电图仪24h监测,其中男性23例,女性9例,年龄43～84(65.41±8.02)岁,经询问病史及各项检查明确诊断.基础心脏病为冠心病23例,高血压心脏病5例,肺源性心脏病3例,扩张型心肌病1例.其中3例为急性心肌梗死,6例为陈旧性心肌梗死,11例合并脑出血或脑梗死.X线胸片、超声心动描记术提示20例有不同程度心房、心室或全心扩大,5例有     

动态心电图检出短阵室性心动过速2例

例1 患者男性,59岁。因夜间阵发性胸闷、胸痛2d就诊。高血压病史4年,闻断服用降压药物,血压不稳定。查体：体温36．2℃,心率52次／分,呼吸18次／分,血压160／90mmHg。颈静脉无怒张,双下肢无浮肿。心界不大,心率52次／分,律齐,未闻及病理性杂音。双肺无殊。常规心电图示：窦性心动过缓,Q—T间期正常。V4-6导联ST段水平压低0．05mV,T波浅倒置。为明确诊断而行24h动态心电图（DCG）检查。DCG示：室性期前收缩（PVS）1284次,呈单源性,时限0．15s;成对PVS39次;于18：40出现一串连发PVS,     

动态心电图中检出的室性心动过速的临床意义

常规静息心电圈中描记到的室性心动过速(简称室速),常伴有严重的血流动力学障碍,易发展为室颤,而导致猝死,故一般认为属恶性心律失常,需作紧急处理。本文分析动态心电图(Holter监测)中记录到的室速,并对其临床意义进行探讨。     

动态心电图检出老年患者短阵室性心动过速的分析

目的探讨老年患者短阵室性心动过速的临床意义和发生机制。方法采用24小时动态心电图检出58例短阵性室性心动过速的老年患者并结合临床进行分析。结果58例老年患者心电图改变是在多源室性期前收缩的基础上出现成对或短阵室性心动过速，发生于舒张晚期的室性期前收缩易引起短阵性室性心动过速，并提示室性心动过速与心肌缺血有关。结论短阵性室性心动过速是否发生心室颤动或猝死等严重心脏事件大多数取决于患者心脏病变的程度和心功能状态，作为预测严重心脏事件的发生时，应结合临床与具体病人病变程度始可作出明确判断。     

Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Heart Failure

Heart failure is a major public health concern that is frequently complicated by ventricular arrhythmias. Sustained ventricular tachycardia is associated with an increased risk for progressive heart failure and sudden death. We summarize the current management strategies for ventricular tachycardia in heart failure patients, including implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy, pharmacologic therapy, catheter ablation techniques, ventricular assist device therapy, and heart transplantation.     

Prognosis in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Ventricular Tachycardia Following Programmed Ventricular Stimulation

We performed programmed ventricular stimulation on 69 patients with left ventricular ejection dysfunction (ejection fraction < 50%) and clinically recognized ventricular tachycardia including 28 patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia and 41 patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. An inducible arrhythmia (> 6 beats ventricular tachycardia) was found in 74% of patients. Patients with clinically sustained arrhythmias were frequently inducible (89%) with a high incidence of inducible monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (82%). Patients with clinically nonsustained ventricular tachycardia had a lower rate of inducibility (63%) including a high incidence of inducible polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (27%). Inducible patients with left ventricular dysfunction and ventricular tachycardia had a low incidence of electrophysiologically demonstrated effective drug therapy (16%). However, if an effective drug was found, the prognosis was good. Empirical drug therapy was associated with a poor prognosis in inducible and noninducible patients. Finally, an unfavorable prognosis was associated with a clinically sustained arrhythmia, a lower ejection fraction, and the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm. An inducible arrhythmia did not predict an unfavorable course. Indeed, patients with noninducible ventricular tachycardia in this group of patients were still at risk for sudden cardiac death.     

非持续性室性心动过速患者心率变异的研究

对非持续性室性心动过速（ＮＳＶＴ）患者进行心率变异（ＨＲＶ）分析。记录２４ｈ动态心电图分析６个ＨＲＶ时域指标，并对照分析ＮＳＶＴ发作前、后的窦性Ｒ－Ｒ间期标准差（ＳＤ）。结果：ＮＳＶＴ患者（ｎ＝３５）之ＨＲＶ时域指标中２４ｈ平均Ｒ－Ｒ间期（ＭＲＲＩ）、ＳＤ、５ｍｉｎ节段Ｒ－Ｒ间期均值的标准差（ＳＤＡ）、５ｍｉｎ节段Ｒ－Ｒ间期标准差的均值（ＭＳＤ）较正常对照组（ｎ＝１０５）明显下降（其中ＳＤ为９０．８８±３７．７７ｍｓｖｓ１４３．１８±３１．００ｍｓ，Ｐ＜０．０１），与病例对照组（ｎ＝４４）比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＮＳＶＴ发作前、后５ｍｉｎ和１ｈ的ＳＤ（５ｍｉｎＲ－Ｒ节段）无显著性差异。结论：ＮＳＶＴ患者ＨＲＶ较正常对照组下降，但ＨＲＶ下降与ＮＳＶＴ无明显关系。     

The Prognostic Significance of Inducing Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients Presenting with Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia or Cardiac Arrest

The significance of inducing nonsustained ventricular tachycardia during baseline electrophysiological testing in patients presenting with sustained ventricular arrhythmias is unclear. In this study, 145 consecutive patients presenting with cardiac arrest or sustained ventricular tachycardia underwent electrophysiological study. Twenty five (17%) had no inducible ventricular tachycardia (group I), 33 (23%) had inducible nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (group II), and 87 (60%) had inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia (group 111). Group I was not treated with antiarrhythmic therapy. Groups II and III underwent serial drug trials guided by electrophysiological testing. Mean follow-up for all three groups was 31 ± 18 months. The actuarial rate of arrhythmia recurrence for group 1 at 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up was 0%, 6%, and 17%, respectively. This actuarial arrhythmia recurrence rate for group I was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of group II (16%, 27%, and 32%) and group III (32%, 39%, and 44%). There was no significant difference between the arrhythmia recurrence rates in groups 11 and III. When groups II and III were broken down into drug responders and nonresponders, drug responders in both groups had significantly fewer arrhythmia recurrences than nonresponders (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of sudden death was low (11 of 145, 8%) and not significantly different between groups I, II, and III. In summary, among patients who present with sustained ventricular arrhythmias, those who have nonsustained ventricular tachycardia induced during baseline electrophysiological testing respond to serial drug testing and have long-term outcomes similar to those with inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia.     

The Clinical Significance of Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Sustained Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias

Background: Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) predicts mortality in several disorders but its significance in patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias is unknown. We analyzed the clinical features and outcome associated with NSVT (>; 3 beats at >; 100 beats/min) recorded on a 48-hour Holter in the absence of antiarrhythmic drugs. Methods: Patients enrolled in the ESVEM trial (n = 486) were grouped according to the duration of the longest recorded episode of NSVT, and in the second analysis, according to frequency of recorded episodes. Assessments were on an intention-to-treat basis. Results: Patients without NSVT were more likely to have ischemic heart disease and had significantly lower frequencies of single and paired premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). There were no significant differences with respect to age, sex, presenting arrhythmia, years since last myocardial infarction, functional class, or present ejection fraction. The cumulative probabilities of arrhythmia recurrence and all-cause mortality at 4 years in patients without NSVT (60%± 7% and 32%± 6%, respectively) were not significantly different than those of patients with NSVT (63%± 3% and 41%± 3%, respectively). Cox regression models indicated that ejection fraction and functional class were significant predictors of outcome, but variables based on the presence, duration, and frequency of recorded episodes of NSVT were not. Conclusions: NSVT is common in patients with spontaneous and inducible sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias and at least 10 PVCs/hour (ESVEM enrollment criteria), but is not a significant predictor of arrhythmia recurrence, sudden death, or all-cause mortality in patients with these characteristics.     

Ventricular Tachycardia

Congenitally Corrected Transposition and VT. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an uncommon finding in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA). Cardiac death in patients with CCTGA has been attributed to complete heart block, systemic ventricular dysfunction, or severe AV valve regurgitation with heart failure. We descrihe the case of a patient who presented with palpitations and near-syncope that was associated with clinical episodes of VT. Programmed ventricular stimulation revealed easily inducible sustained VT that immediately degenerated to ventricular fibrillation and subsequently required therapy with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.     

Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Impaired Left Ventricular Function: The Role of Propafenone

The combined occurrence of left ventricular dysfunction and -ventricular tachyarrhythmias portends a high annual mortality. Anti arrhythmic drugs can ameliorate ventricular arrhythmia and may reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. We administered propafenone to 15 patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias and left ventricular ejection fractions 40%. Propafenone significantly reduced isolated ventricular premature depolarizations, couplets, and ventricular tachycardia on ambulatory monitoring. Propafenone eliminated all exercise provocable ventricular tachycardia. Propafenone additionally abolished ventricular tachycardia inducible by programmed stimulation in 4 of 7 patients. In 8 patients studied before and during therapy, there was no significant change in left ventricular ejection fraction as determined by nuclear ventriculography. Propafenone was discontinued in 4 patients due to side effects. Seven patients receiving continuing propafenone therapy remain alive with only one patient suffering arrhythmia recurrence. Propafenone is an effective drug for the management of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and may be used for patients with impaired left ventricular function.     

射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速103例

总结不同起源部位特发性室性心动过速(IVT)经导管射频消融(RFCA)治疗的成功经验。103例IVT行RFCA治疗,左室特发性VT(ILVT)起自间隔部者以最早的P电位处为靶点,右室特发性VT(IRVT)和其他部位的IVT均以起搏与VT发作时12导联心电图QRS波形态完全相同处或最早心室激动处为靶点。结果:RFCA治疗IVT的成功率为96.12%,ILVT为92.9%,IRVT为98.4%,复发率为2.9%。IVT起源部位分别位于左室后间隔部32例,左室游离壁1例,左室流出道9例,右室流出道60例、流入道1例。结论:IVTRFCA的关键是消融靶点的标测和确定,可根据VT发作时的心电图表现估计其起源位置。IVT的RFCA成功率高。