鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制因子2通过调控miRNAs参与肺癌侵袭转移机制研究

目的探讨鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制因子2(RhoGDI2)通过调控miRNA的变化参与肺癌侵袭转移过程。方法构建过表达和表达沉默的RhoGDI2表达载体,稳定转染肺癌A549细胞,利用实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)和蛋白质印迹法验证。利用miRNA芯片,筛选可能受RhoGDI2调控的候选miRNAs。结果成功构建过表达和表达沉默的RhoGDI2表达载体,获得稳定表达细胞系,利用miRNA芯片筛选出12个可能受RhoGDI2调控的候选miRNAs。结论证实RhoGDI2在肿瘤细胞表达异常参与肿瘤侵袭转移过程,存在转录后水平的调控方式,为肺癌的侵袭转移机制提供实验及理论依据。     

CSC诱导BEAS-2B细胞恶性转化中miRNA表达谱变化

目的通过烟草烟雾凝集物(cigarette smoke condensate, CSC)慢性染毒永生化人支气管上皮细胞BEAS-2B体外构建恶性转化细胞模型,miRNA芯片技术筛选模型中差异表达的miRNAs,发现与恶性转化相关的miRNAs,为进一步研究CSC诱导恶性转化的作用机制提供实验基础。方法 CCK-8检测细胞存活率,确定CSC染毒终浓度。划痕实验、克隆形成实验、MTT实验及凋亡检测评估细胞恶性转化情况。MiRNAs芯片检测BEAS-2B和CSC30组细胞,明确差异表达谱。表达下调的hsa-miR-2115-3p和hsa-miR-4521进行RT-PCR验证。结果 CSC诱导的恶性转化细胞迁移能力、克隆形成能力和增殖活力明显增强,凋亡率明显下降。相对于BEAS-2B组,CSC30组细胞中有78种miRANs差异表达,其中52种表达上调,26种表达下调。RT-PCR验证hsa-miR-2115-3p和hsa-miR-4521表达下调与芯片结果一致。结论 CSC可诱导BEAS-2B细胞发生恶性转化,采用miRNA芯片技术筛选到miRNA差异表达谱,其可能与CSC诱导恶行转化的发生发展有关。     

子痫前期与正常胎盘组织中微小RNA的表达差异及其临床意义

目的:检测微小RNA(miRNAs)在子痈前期患者与正常孕妇胎盘组织中的表达差异.方法:选取剖宫产分娩的产妇,其中重度子痫前期患者8例(sPE组),正常妊娠妇女8例(对照组),收集其胎盘组织.通过miRNA芯片技术检测sPE与对照组中miRNAs的表达差异.结果:与正常胎盘相比,sPE胎盘组织中存在5个表达失衡的miRNA簇(P<0.05),分别位于染色体19q13.42(miR-517*、miR-518b、miR-519e*)、13q31.3(miR-18a、miR-19a)、Xq26.2(miR-18b、miR-363)、Xq26.3(miR-542-3p、miR-450)以及人类印记基因位点14q32.31(miR-411、miR-377、miR-154*)上.结论:miRNA的表达异常可能参与了子痫前期的发生和病理生理过程.     

脑神经胶质瘤替莫唑胺耐药 circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络的构建

目的 筛选脑神经胶质瘤替莫唑胺耐药细胞株U87/TR与亲本细胞株U87的环状RNA(circRNA)差异表达谱以及构建关键环状RNA(circRNA)-微小RNA(miRNA)-信使RNA(mRNA)调控网络.方法 2020年1—6月,应用circRNAs芯片检测神经胶质瘤替莫唑胺耐药细胞circRNAs差异表达谱,并进行RT-PCR验证.用miRanda数据库预测circRNA-miRNA靶向结合关系,通过miRanda v5、TargetScan、miBase数据库预测靶基因,Cytoscape软件构建circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络.结果 circRNA芯片结果显示,与U87细胞比较,U87/TR细胞有313个差异有统计学意义表达的circRNAs(P<0.05),其中145个显著上调,168个明显下调;RT-qPCR验证结果与芯片结果相符.miRNA靶位点预测结果显示,关键上调人环状RNAhsa_circRNA_009054,hsa_circRNA_104338(n=3,t=12.09、9.52,P=0.007、0.011)以及下调hsa_circRNA_016459,hsa_circRNA_101975(n=3,t=13.86、7.75,P=0.005、0.016)可与hsa-miR-33a-5p,hsa-miR-15b-3p以及hsa-miR-193b-5p,hsa-miR-23a-5p等多个miRNAs靶向结合,关键circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络包括4个关键circRNAs,20个关键miRNAs,以及278个关键mRNAs.结论 cir?cRNA在脑神经胶质瘤替莫唑胺耐药细胞中异常表达,hsa_circRNA_009054,hsa_circRNA_104338以及hsa_circRNA_016459,hsa_circRNA_101975等关键circRNA可能通过circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络参与脑神经胶质瘤替莫唑胺的耐药过程.     

筛选三阴型乳腺癌差异表达 microRNA 的临床转化研究

目的：应用 microRNAs（miRNAs）芯片技术筛选成球培养法及贴壁培养法培养细胞系 MDA-MB-231差异表达的 miRNA,发现三阴型乳腺癌（TNBC）相关的 miRNA。方法用干细胞培养基成球培养法筛选 TNBC 干细胞,应用 miRNAs 芯片技术筛选成球培养法及贴壁培养法培养细胞系 MDA-MB-231差异表达的 miRNA,同时选取5例新鲜 TNBC 癌组织及其癌旁组织运用荧光定量 RT-PCR 对差异表达的 miRNAs 进行验证。运用靶基因预测软件预测差异表达 miRNAs 可能的调控靶基因。结果通过 miRNAs 芯片的检测及 SAM 软件分析,选取细胞培养数据中筛选得到 TNBC 干细胞较 TNBC 细胞表达上调的5个 miRNA（ hsa-miR-297、hsa-miR-8063、hsa-miR-6768-5p、hsa-miR-1231、hsa-miR-489-3p）,下调的4个 miRNA（ hsa-miR-30c-5p、hsa-miR-25-3p、hsa-miR-18a-3p、U25）。荧光定量 RT-PCR 结果是 hsa-miR-297、hsa-miR-8063、hsa-miR-6768-5p、hsa-miR-18a-3p、U25表达上调,hsa-miR-30c-5p、hsa-miR-25-3p、hsa-miR-489-3p、hsa-miR-1231表达下调。芯片检测结果及荧光定量 RT-PCR 结果一致的 miRNA 为 hsa-miR-297、hsa-miR-8063、hsa-miR-6768-5p、hsa-miR-30c-5p、hsa-miR-25-3p,并对其进行生物信息学分析;分析出 MicroRNA-297所对应靶基因为 SLC7A6、SLC7A5、SLC25A44、7A5、AAK1、SMYD1、NDE1、PDE3B、STC1、SUSD1。结论 MicroRNA-297及其靶基因SLC7A5可能在乳腺癌发生发展及干性形成过程中发挥重要作用。     

缺氧预处理诱导大鼠心肌细胞差异表达microRNA的芯片筛选与生物信息学分析

目的筛选缺氧预处理(hypoxia preconditioning,HPC)诱导成年大鼠心肌细胞差异表达的microRNA(miRNA),并预测分析miRNA调控的靶基因与功能。方法体外分离培养成年大鼠心室肌细胞,分为对照组(CON)和缺氧预处理组(HPC),CON组细胞正常培养,HPC组细胞经历10 min缺氧和30 min再给氧,提取心肌细胞总RNA,行miRNA芯片筛选,qRT-PCR验证芯片结果。利用软件预测差异表达miRNA调控的靶基因,分析靶基因富集的基因功能(gene ontology,GO)和信号通路(pathway)。结果与CON组相比,HPC可诱导大鼠心肌细胞miRNA表达谱发生明显改变,共有12个miRNA上调,14个miRNA下调(P<0.01,FDR<0.05);选择其中荧光信号值>500的7个miRNA,用于生物信息学分析。qRT-PCR检测miR-133b-5p、miR-664-1-5p、miR-6216水平,变化趋势与芯片结果一致。生物信息学分析显示差异表达miRNA所调控的靶基因功能明显富集于27个GO和6条信号通路。结论 HPC可诱导成年大鼠心肌细胞miRNA表达谱明显改变,这些差异表达miRNA可能通过调控靶基因参与HPC介导的心肌细胞保护作用。     

MicroRNA检测方法的研究进展

MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是一类内源性的小分子单链非编码RNA,通过调节基因的表达在许多生命活动中起重要作用。在一些疾病（如癌症和自身免疫性疾病）发生时,miRNAs的表达谱可能发生改变,所以在药物的安全性评价中,其有望成为诊断或预后生物标志物。因此,准确测定miRNA的表达对于其应用十分重要。对传统的RNA印记（Northernblotting）、微阵列（microarray）和实时定量PCR（qRT-PCR）以及一些新的miRNAs检测方法（如基于纳米材料的miRNAs检测、核酸扩增等技术）进行概述,并阐述了这些方法的优缺点。     

基于生物信息学方法分析心肌梗死大鼠miRNA芯片

目的筛选大鼠梗死心肌组织microarray芯片中差异表达的miRNA,预测其互作lncRNA和靶基因,探索心肌梗死潜在的病理机制。方法结扎左前降支冠状动脉建立大鼠心梗模型。应用TRIzol法提取梗死左心室心肌区总RNA进行芯片检测。用生物信息学方法找出可能存在的lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络。结果19个明显差异表达的miRNAs中8个miRNAs(miR-21、miR-132、miR-222、miR-223-3p、miR-146a/b、miR-181b、miR-449a-5p、miR-122)已被证明是治疗心梗的候选分子,7个miRNAs(miR-365-5p、miR-490-5p、miR-6333、miR-30c-1-3p、miR-3591、miR-3596c、miR-877)是否与心肌梗死有关未知。心肌梗死发生发展中可能存在几条新的lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA作用机制。ENSRNOT00000076620-miR-146b-5p-STAT3/Rnf7/Qrsl1可能参与梗死心肌细胞的凋亡和线粒体损伤过程。ENSRNOT00000071991-miR-122-Deptor可能抑制心肌细胞自噬的发生,加剧心肌梗死的过程。NR_132625-miR-21-3P/miR-18a-5p-Coq5/Acsl1/Tmem65可能参与心肌梗死线粒体损伤过程。结论通过心肌梗死大鼠miRNA芯片分析得到的lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA三元关系,为深入研究心肌梗死分子水平的病理机制,揭示相关药物作用机制以及寻找治疗新靶标提供方向和理论依据。     

耐药性癫痫患者血浆miRNA分子标志物的初步筛选

目的 分析耐药性癫痫患者血浆mi RNA表达谱,探讨其变化对诊断耐药性癫痫的价值。方法 利用mi RNA芯片技术筛选耐药性癫痫患者(耐药组)、非耐药癫痫患者(控制组)及健康人(对照组)各15例血浆的mi RNA表达谱,并分析差异mi RNA的生物学功能。结果 耐药组患者血浆与对照组相比,筛选出12个差异表达mi RNA,其中7个上调,5个下调;控制组患者血浆与对照组相比,筛选出12个差异表达mi RNA,其中6个上调,6个下调;耐药组与控制组相比,筛选出8个差异表达mi RNA,其中5个上调,3个下调。结论 通过mi RNA芯片技术发现了多个差异表达的mi RNA,为探讨耐药性癫痫发病机制及寻找诊断依据提供了参考。     

不同转移潜能肝癌细胞株miRNAs表达谱的差异性研究

目的筛选不同转移潜能肝癌细胞株的microRNA(miRNA)差异表达谱,并预测分析差异表达miRNAs调控的靶基因与功能。方法提取总RNA进行miRNA芯片分析,通过分析MHCC-97H(高转移)、Hep3B(不转移)两种不同转移潜能肝癌细胞株与正常肝细胞L02比较,以及两种肝癌细胞株相互比较的miRNA差异表达谱,筛选出差异表达明显的miRNAs进行qRT-PCR验证,利用4个靶基因预测软件(Target Scan、miRanda、miRWalk、miRDB)进行靶基因预测,并通过生物信息学分析来探讨候选靶基因的生物学功能。结果与正常肝细胞L02相比,肝癌细胞株MHCC-97H、Hep3B中的miR-192-5p、miR-215-5p表达均明显上调,而miR-130a-3p、miR-196a-5p则明显降低;与不转移肝癌细胞株Hep3B相比,miR-224-5p在肝癌细胞株MHCC-97H中明显上调,而miR-146a-5p、miR-483-3p、miR-200b-3p则明显降低。qRT-PCR验证结果与芯片结果相一致。结论 MHCC-97H及Hep3B两种转移能力不同的肝癌细胞株的miRNAs存在差异表达,这些差异表达的miRNAs与肝细胞癌的发生发展、转移侵袭密切相关。     

Analysis of microRNA and gene expression profiling in triazole fungicide-treated HepG2 cell line

MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in various diseases and in cellular and molecular responses to toxicants. In the present study, we investigated differential expression of miRNAs in response to three triazole fungicides (myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon). The human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) was treated with the above triazoles for 3 h or 48 h. miRNA-based microarray experiments were carried out using the Agilent human miRNA v13 array. At early exposure (3 h), six miRNAs were differentially expressed and at late exposure (48 h), three miRNAs were significantly expressed. Overall, this study provides an array of potential biomarkers for the above triazole fungicides. Furthermore, these miRNAs induced by triazoles could be the foundation for the development of a miRNA-based toxic biomarker library that can predict environmental toxicity.     

MicroRNAs as therapeutic targets and their potential applications in cancer therapy

INTRODUCTION: The results of cancer-associated miRNA research have yielded surprising insights into the pathogenesis of a range of different cancers. Many of the dysregulated miRNAs are involved in the regulation of genes that are essential for carcinogenesis. AREAS COVERED: This review discusses the latest discovery of miRNAs acting as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, as well as the potential applications of miRNA regulations in cancer therapy. Several translational studies have demonstrated the feasibility of targeting oncogenic miRNAs and restoring tumor-suppressive miRNAs for cancer therapy using in vivo model systems. EXPERT OPINION: miRNAs are extensive regulators of cancer progression. With increasing understanding of the miRNA target genes and the cellular behaviors influenced by them, modulating the miRNA activities may provide exciting opportunities for cancer therapy. Despite the hurdles incurred in acquiring effective systemic drug delivery systems, in vivo delivery of miRNAs for therapeutic purposes in preclinical animal models is rapidly developing. Accumulating evidences indicate that using miRNA expression alterations to influence molecular pathways has the potential of being translated into clinical applications.     

Differential expression of miRNAs in the visceral adipose tissue of patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 487–497

Summary

Background Progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be facilitated by soluble molecules secreted by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are likely to regulate some of these molecular pathways involved in pathogenesis of NAFLD. Aim To profile miRNA expression in the visceral adipose tissue of patients with NAFLD. Methods Visceral adipose tissue samples were collected from NAFLD patients and frozen. Patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD were divided into non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 12) and non‐NASH (n = 12) cohorts controlled for clinical and demographic characteristics. Extracted total RNA was profiled using TaqMan Human MicroRNA arrays. Univariate Mann–Whitney comparisons and multivariate regression analysis were performed to compare miRNA profiles. Results A total of 113 miRNA differentially expressed between NASH patients and non‐NASH patients (P < 0.05). Of these, seven remained significant after multiple test correction (hsa‐miR‐132, hsa‐miR‐150, hsa‐miR‐433, hsa‐miR‐28‐3p, hsa‐miR‐511, hsa‐miR‐517a, hsa‐miR‐671). Predicted target genes for these miRNAs include insulin receptor pathway components (IGF1, IGFR13), cytokines (CCL3, IL6), ghrelin/obestatin gene, and inflammation‐related genes (NFKB1, RELB, FAS). In addition, two miRNA species, hsa‐miR‐197 and hsa‐miR‐99, were significantly associated with pericellular fibrosis in NASH patients (P < 0.05). Levels of IL‐6 in the serum negatively correlated with the expression levels of all seven miRNAs capable of down regulating IL‐6 encoding gene. Conclusions miRNA expression from VAT may contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD – a finding which may distinguish relatively simple steatosis from NASH. This could help identify potential targets for pharmacological treatment regimens and candidate biomarkers for NASH.     

MicroRNA expression profiling of Chinese follicular lymphoma by microarray: A preliminary study

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely regarded as crucial regulators in various biological processes involved in carcinogenesis. However, the comprehensive miRNA profiles of Chinese follicular lymphoma (FL) remains completely unknown.MethodsThe Exiqon miRCURY LNA™ microRNA Array (v.18.0) was used to detect the miRNA expression profiles of three Chinese FL samples, and compared to three reactive lymphatic nodes (RLN). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm the selected miRNAs in different series. Three databases (miRAnda, miRBase and TargetScan) were used to predict the putative target genes. Bioinformatic analysis (gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis) was performed for further evaluation.ResultsThe microarray assay demonstrated that 1643 miRNAs were expressed; in which 103 miRNAs were upregulated and 68 miRNAs were downregulated, according to P-value (< 0.05) and fold change (FC > 2-fold). Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to confirm that miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p and miR-19a-3p were upregulated, and miR-3615 was downregulated (P < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis (gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis) was used for further evaluation. Pathway analysis indicated that 25 pathways corresponded to differentially expressed miRNAs (P-value cut-off is 0.05). Furthermore, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p and miR-19a-3p were validated by qRT-PCR in an independent series including five FL3a and five RLN cases. Data analysis revealed that the changing trend of miR-19a-3p and miR-17-5p expression in the independent series was basically identical with that of the microarray data.ConclusionsOur results are the first to reveal the miRNA expression profiling of Chinese FL and three upregulated miRNAs. Furthermore, the expression of miR-19a-3p and miR-17-5p were found to be significantly upregulated in FL3a. Further study needs to be urgently performed to reveal its potential role in the pathogenesis of FL in the near future.     

Aberrant expression of miR‐451a contributes to 1,2‐dichloroethane‐induced hepatic glycerol gluconeogenesis disorder by inhibiting glycerol kinase expression in NIH Swiss mice

The identification of aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression during chemical‐induced hepatic dysfunction will lead to a better understanding of the substantial role of miRNAs in liver diseases. 1,2‐Dichloroethane (1,2‐DCE), a chlorinated organic toxicant, can lead to hepatic abnormalities in occupationally exposed populations. To explore whether aberrant miRNA expression is involved in liver abnormalities mediated by 1,2‐DCE exposure, we examined alterations in miRNA expression patterns in the livers of NIH Swiss mice after dynamic inhalation exposure to 350 or 700 mg m^–3 1,2‐DCE for 28 days. Using a microarray chip, we discovered that only mmumiR‐451a was significantly upregulated in the liver tissue of mice exposed to 700 mg m^–3 1,2‐DCE; this finding was validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro study revealed that it was metabolite 2‐chloroacetic acid, not 1,2‐DCE that resulted in the upregulation of mmu‐miR‐451a in the mouse AML12 cell line. Furthermore, our data showed that the upregulation of mmu‐miR‐451a induced by 2‐chloroacetic acid could suppress the expression of glycerol kinase and lead to the inhibition of glycerol gluconeogenesis in mouse liver tissue and AML12 cells. These observations provide evidence that hepatic mmu‐miR‐451a responds to 1,2‐DCE exposure and might induce glucose metabolism disorders by suppressing the glycerol gluconeogenesis process.     

MicroRNA在山楂酸诱导A549细胞凋亡中的作用研究

目的探讨MicroRNA在山楂酸诱导肺癌细胞A549凋亡过程中发挥的生物学作用。方法将人的肺癌细胞系A549经过山楂酸干预,并提取处理后A549细胞的总RNA,通过AFFX miRNA表达谱芯片,检测山楂酸作用前后A549细胞中miRNA表达差异情况。通过生物信息学,分析预测miRNA作用的靶蛋白。结果山楂酸作用前后肺癌细胞A549中59个miRNA表达差异显著,其中23个miRNA的表达上调,36个miRNA的表达下调。生物信息学分析预测,由miRNA调控的细胞增殖相关靶蛋白400余个,细胞凋亡相关靶蛋白300余个,其中XIAP是miR-630下游调控的靶蛋白。结论山楂酸可能通过调控miRNA的表达发挥对A549细胞的抑制作用。