不同切削模式LASIK治疗超高度近视远期疗效

目的探讨不同切削模式LASIK治疗超高度近视(等效球镜度数>-10.00D)的远期疗效及安全性。方法对90例(165只眼)超高度近视根据角膜厚度分为单区切削LASIK及多区LASIK组,术前屈光度数-10.00D～-16.00D平均(-13.2±2.21)D(等效球镜)。A组(单区切削组)32例(59只眼)。平均屈光度为-10D～-12D平均(-11.2±2.21)D(等效球镜)。角膜厚度546～618μm。平均565±23.2μm,平均535μm±21.4μm。术中多区切削为2～3区,切削直径4.5～6μm。单区切削,切削直径为5.75～6.5μm。术后随12访～24个月。结果术后12个月时裸眼视力≥0.5A组49只眼(83%),B组86只眼(81.1%),术后最佳矫正视力A组50只眼(84.7%)B组88只眼(83%),屈光度在±1D以下者两组分别为41只眼(69.4%)72只眼(67.9%),屈光度<±2.00D者两组分别为47只眼(79.6%)82只眼(78.3%),统计学无显著差异。术后两个月内眩光、夜视力下降等并发症以B组为多,3个月左右减轻或消失。屈光回退A组4只眼(6.6%),B组8只眼(7.5%)可能与B组屈光度更高有关。结论对于超高度近视角膜较薄单区切削不够时可选择多区切削模式。多区切削不失为一种有效安全的方法。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后屈光度数回退的原因分析

目的　探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 (laserinsitukeratomileusis,LASIK)后屈光度数回退的原因。方法　将 2 5 0例 (40 8只眼 )近视患者 (- 6 0 0～ - 15 0 0D)按屈光度数分为A组 194只眼 (- 6 2 5～ - 10 0 0D)和B组 2 14只眼 (- 10 2 5～ - 15 0 0D)行LASIK ,记录术后视力、屈光度数、角膜厚度和角膜激光切削区直径 ,并进行统计学分析。术后平均随访时间 1年。结果　 (1)A组 :正常术眼 (术后屈光度数 <- 1 0 0D) 173只眼 (89 2 % ) ,术前平均角膜厚度为 (5 4 9 5± 31 5 ) μm ,术中平均激光切削直径为 (4 96± 0 35 )mm ,术后屈光度数为 +0 5 0～ - 0 75D ;回退术眼 (术后屈光度数≥ - 1 0 0D) 2 1只眼 (10 8% ) ,术前平均角膜厚度为 (5 4 7 5± 37 0 ) μm ,与正常术眼比较差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;术中平均激光切削直径为 (4 6 4± 0 4 1)mm ,与正常术眼比较差异有非常显著意义(P <0 0 1) ;术后平均屈光度数为 (- 1 33± 0 5 8)D。 (2 )B组 :正常术眼 136只眼 (6 3 5 % ) ,术前平均角膜厚度为 (5 6 0 9± 30 9) μm ,术中平均激光切削直径为 (4 5 1± 0 2 8)mm ,术后屈光度数为 +0 5 0～- 0 75D ;回退术眼 78只眼 (36 5 % ) ,术前平均角膜厚度为 (5 38 0± 31 0 ) μm ,     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后屈光回退的临床观察

目的评价准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）后屈光回退的疗效。方法回顾性临床研究。对PRK术后2年以上、屈光回退且屈光度稳定的患者8例14眼行LASIK,对LASIK术后术眼进行评价。患眼PRK术前屈光度为-6.25～-12.50 D,PRK术后屈光度为-1.50～-6.25 D。随访观察LASIK矫正1年后术眼的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、上皮下雾状混浊（haze）形成和角膜厚度的变化。结果所有患眼术后主观症状较轻。LASIK术后1年平均球镜度数为（-0.62±0.94）D。LASIK术后0.5≤裸眼视力〈0.8者4眼,≥0.8者9眼,1眼（7.1%）最佳矫正视力下降2行。4眼术后出现不同程度的haze,包括2级haze 3眼、3级haze 1眼。应用氟米龙滴眼液1个月后,haze及屈光回退减轻;术后1年,1级haze 2眼,2级haze 2眼,3级haze 1眼。LASIK术前角膜厚度为（467±38）μm,术后为（422±21）μm。结论高度近视PRK术后屈光回退行LASIK矫治是一种可行的方法,但少数患者术后可出现haze,仍需治疗。     

二次LASIK行角膜瓣背面基质切削的临床观察

目的 探讨行角膜瓣背面基质切削治疗准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laserin situkeratomileusis,LASIK)后屈光回退或欠矫且角膜基质床厚度不足的患者的安全性和有效性.方法 对9例(16只眼)LASIK术后有屈光回退或欠矫的患者,根据其残余屈光度和角膜瓣厚度行角膜瓣背面基质切削术.屈光欠矫范围为-1.00～-2.25D,平均(-1.45±0.34)D.结果 所有眼术后裸眼视力均好于术前,无最佳矫正视力下降,术后屈光度较术前明显下降;6个月时均获得0.8以上视力,屈光度≤±0.5 D者占72%,±1.0D者为100%.无角膜瓣移位、皱褶、上皮植入、角膜膨隆等并发症.结论 角膜瓣背面基质切削作为一种补充治疗LASIK术后屈光欠矫且角膜基质床厚度不足效果好,安全性强.     

近视眼二次LASIK手术临床疗效分析

目的:探讨近视眼二次LASIK手术病例临床特点、有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。44例近视患者(72眼)接受二次LASIK,二次手术间隔时间为13.32±12.06(3～58)mo,二次LASIK术前平均残余屈光不正度为-2.56±1.56(-7.25～+1.13)D;分析年龄、屈光度、角膜中央厚度、角膜瓣厚度、残余角膜基质厚度的特点及其对残余屈光不正度的影响。结果:二次术后UCVA为0.89±0.19(0.5～1.2)μm,等效球镜度(SE)为0.05±0.57D。二次术前CCT为502.69±31.45μm,与理论残余的456.08±26.04μm差异有统计学显著性意义(t=-0.785,P=0.000);多元回归分析表明,在诸多因素中,术前预矫屈光度和切削深度对二次术前屈光度有显著性影响(F=73.442,P=0.000),回归方程:残余屈光不正度=-0.317+0.588×术前等效球镜+0.031×切削深度。结论:本组二次LASIK手术病例表明,预矫屈光度和切削深度是导致屈光回退的主要因素;术后角膜组织增生是LASIK远期屈光回退的机制之一;在严格控制角膜厚度和预矫屈光度的前提下,二次LASIK是安全、有效的。     

LASIK单中心多区切削治疗高度近视

目的探讨如何改善LASIK治疗高度近视术后出现的屈光回退,眩光及暗适应下降。方法门诊随机抽取行LASIK手术高度近视86例(160眼)矫正视力≥0.8、屈光度在(-9.00 D~-14.00 D)者。分A、B两组,每组80眼。A组选择5.75 mm的切削直径。B组选择在相同切削量的基础上采用5.50 mm与6.50 mm相结合的多区切削。结果A组:裸眼视力≥0.8者68眼占85.00%,主诉有眩光者56眼占70.00%,暗适应下降76眼占95.00%,角膜厚度(390±30)μm,屈光度±0.75 D~-2.50 D,地形图均为正常负性形态。B组:裸视≥0.8者78眼占97.50%,主诉有眩光共6眼占7.50%,暗适应下降22眼占27.50%角膜厚度(410±30)μm,屈光度±0.50 D~-1.0 D,在形图均为正常负性形态。结论LASIK单中心、多区切削治疗高度近视,减少了屈光回退,降低了眩光和暗适应当的发生率,提高了术后的视觉质量。     

LASIK术后角膜基质床及全角膜厚度的变化及相关因素分析

目的:通过观察LASIK手术的患者术前、术中及术后1wk;1,3,6mo角膜厚度及屈光状态的变化,探讨LASIK术后屈光度数回退的原因及影响因素。方法:选择我院进行LASIK手术的患者856例856眼,分别测量其术前角膜厚度、术中角膜瓣及基质床厚度;术后1wk;1,3,6mo角膜厚度,观察屈光状态的变化,分析实际切削深度与预计切削深度的差异,屈光回退的可能原因。结果:实际角膜切削深度较准分子激光机显示理论角膜切削深度深22.15±7.23μm。角膜中央厚度变化在术后6mo以后趋于稳定。屈光度数回退量与年龄、角膜床厚度呈负相关,与术前屈光度呈正相关。结论:LASIK手术中实际切削深度与预计切削深度稍有差异,充分考虑这点有助于提高手术的安全性。准确掌握术中的实际切削深度是提高手术安全性的保障。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后角膜厚度变化分析

目的探讨如何更准确设定准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)术中手术切削量,分析LASIK术后屈光度数回退的原因。方法对650例(1275只眼)进行LASIK手术的患者术前、术中及术后1周,1、3、6及12个月追踪观察角膜厚度及屈光状态的变化。结果通过术中角膜测厚发现准分子激光机显示的角膜切削深度与实际角膜切削深度平均相差(32.15士7．23)μm。角膜中央厚度变化在术后6个月以后趋于稳定。屈光度数回退量与年龄、角膜床厚度呈负相关,与术前屈光度呈正相关。结论LASIK术后角膜厚度和屈光状态的稳定需6个月时间,年龄是影响LASIK术后屈光稳定性的主要因素之一,准确掌握术中的实际切削深度是提高手术安全性的保障。     

LASIK术后屈光回退的多因素分析

目的探讨LASIK治疗高度及超高度近视术后屈光回退的相关因素。方法选择接受LASIK治疗的高度和超高度近视患者47例(93眼),其中男18例(35眼)、女29例(58眼)。按术前屈光度不同分A、B2组,A组为高度近视(-6.00~-9.00D)30例(59眼),B组为超高度近视(-9·25~-14.00D)17例(34眼)。分别记录术前与术后1个月、3个月、6个月视力、屈光度、角膜中央厚度和眼轴长度。结果术后6个月A组正常眼54眼,回退5眼;B组正常眼22眼,回退12眼,2组之间屈光回退率差别具有显著性(χ2=10.39,P<0.05);回退的患者多伴有角膜中央厚度增加(82·4%);A、B2组LASIK术后屈光回退均与年龄、性别以及眼轴长度变化无关。结论LASIK术后屈光回退与术前屈光度的高低和术后角膜中央厚度增加有关,而与年龄、性别以及术后眼轴长度的变化无关。     

TOSCA治疗复杂屈光不正患者术中切削厚度的临床分析

目的:分析角膜地形图引导的准分子激光角膜切削术(TOSCA)治疗复杂屈光不正患者术中切削厚度。方法:选取在我院接受TOSCA治疗的复杂屈光不正患者23例42眼,等效球镜为-2.50～-13.50(平均-7.51±2.23)D。将其在实际工作中按TOSCA模式中计算出的切削厚度与按照其相同的切削直径的LASIK/LASEK模式计算的切削厚度进行对比。结果:术前平均裸眼视力0.11±0.19,最佳矫正视力0.98±0.16,术后6mo裸眼视力1.03±0.30,与术前裸眼视力比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),达到并保持在术前最佳矫正视力。术前平均等效球镜-7.51±2.23D,术后6mo的平均等效球镜-0.42±0.67D,控制在±0.50D以内,达到矫正近视的目的。按照TOSCA模式计算术中实际切削厚度为92.43±21.28μm,剩余厚度为409.17±25.47μm,而按照相同的切削直径和屈光度的传统的LASIK/LASEK模式中计算的切削厚度和剩余厚度分别为123.26±28.73,378.69±32.65μm,两种模式的切削厚度相差约30.83±21.86μm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在治疗复杂屈光不正患者时,TOSCA手术模式的术中预测角膜切削厚度明显小于LASIK/LASEK手术模式,理论上提高了手术的安全性。     

激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术和激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗中高度近视的对比研究

目的比较激光角膜瓣下磨镶术(LASEK)和激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗中高度近视的临床效果. 方法中高度近视患者198例(394只眼).其中LASEK手术治疗93例(184只眼), LASIK手术治疗105例(210只眼). 结果术后1天,LASIK 组28 %裸眼视力达到1.0,LASEK组无1例裸眼视力达到1.0.术后1周、1、3、6月裸眼视力大于或等于1.0者,两组比较差异无显著性 (P=0.36,P=0.58,P=0.44,P=0.64).角膜地形图分析平均角膜中央屈光力与周边屈光力的差异,LASEK组(0.69)明显小于LASIK组(2.62).结论 LASEK手术矫正中高度近视均有良好的治疗效果,是一种安全、有效、预测性好的屈光手术.     

Changes in central corneal thickness after laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in corneal thickness after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with the same preoperative refraction, correlate these changes to postoperative refractive outcomes, and compare corneal healing process in a standardized subset of patients. METHODS: Central corneal thickness was measured by contact ultrasound pachymetry in 14 eyes of 8 patients with preoperative myopia of -6.00 D who had LASIK, and in 14 eyes of 8 patients with the same preoperative refractive error who had PRK. Measurements were taken preoperatively, and 1 week, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Data were evaluated and compared using the paired Student t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Mean preoperative central corneal thickness in the LASIK group was 549.14 +/- 37.4 microm, and in the PRK group, 552.64 +/- 34.9 microm. At 1-week postoperatively, mean central corneal thickness in the LASIK eyes was 467.28 +/- 29 microm and in the PRK eyes, 473.85 +/- 39.2 microm; at 6 months, central corneal thickness had increased in both groups compared to the 1-week values; LASIK eyes had a mean central corneal thickness of 481.42 +/- 23.0 microm and PRK, 481.50 +/- 35.3 microm. Mean postoperative refraction after 6 months was -0.48 +/- 0.30 D in the LASIK group and -0.67 +/- 0.35 D in the PRK group. CONCLUSION: Increase in central corneal thickness between 1 week and 6 months postoperatively occurred in both LASIK and PRK eyes, but differences were not statistically significant. No statistically significant differences were found in myopic regression between the two patient groups.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗超高度近视远期疗效分析

目的探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗超高度(等效球镜度数>-10.00 D)近视的远期效果和安全性.方法对99例(173只眼)超高度近视行LASIK矫正,术前屈光度数-10.00～-23.50 D,平均(-13.7±3.6)D(等效球镜),其中-15.00 D以上41只眼.常规行裂隙灯显微镜、三面镜眼底检查、OrbscanⅡ眼前段分析系统、眼压、A超、角膜测厚、电脑验光、散瞳检影、主观验光等检查.术后随访18个月以上.结果术后18个月时裸眼视力≥0.5者148只眼(85.6%),最佳矫正视力高于或等于术前最佳矫正视力者147只眼(84.4%),未见术后最佳矫正视力较术前最佳矫正视力低于2行以上的眼;屈光度数稳定在±1.00 D以下者109只眼(63.0%),术前屈光度数在-14.75 D以下和-15.00 D以上达到±1.00 D内者的百分数分别为73.5%(97只眼/132只眼)和29.3%(12只眼/41只眼).术后角膜后表面前移,术后3个月时后表面顶点距理想球面的距离为(0.069±0.031)mm,18个月为(0.065±0.025)mm,均大于术前的(0.029±0.010)mm;角膜微皱褶2只眼,诉暗视力下降眩光6例(10只眼).结论 LASIK矫正超高度近视有效安全,同时在选择手术适应证方面应谨慎从之.对于屈光度数太高而角膜厚度偏薄者行LASIK应慎重,可考虑其他方法矫正如晶状体屈光手术或联合手术.(中华眼科杂志,2004,40816-818)     

Laser in situ keratomileusis versus laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for the correction of high myopia

PURPOSE: To compare the visual and refractive outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) in the treatment of high myopia. SETTING: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, and Balgeunsesang Ophthalmology Clinic, Seoul, South Korea. METHODS: Four hundred seventy eyes of 240 patients with manifest refraction spherical components greater than -6.00 diopters (D) were assigned to 2 groups: 324 eyes (167 patients) were treated with LASIK and 146 eyes (73 patients), with LASEK. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), remaining refractive error, corneal haze, and complications were followed in both groups for 12 months. RESULTS: At 12 months, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) was within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia in 205 eyes (63.3%) in the LASIK group and 81 eyes (55.5%) in the LASEK group and within +/-1.00 D in 261 eyes (80.6%) and 104 eyes (71.2%), respectively. The UCVA was 20/25 or better in 269 LASIK eyes (83.0%) and 111 LASEK eyes (76.0%). There was more than a 1-line loss of BSCVA in 4 LASIK eyes (1.2%) and 21 LASEK eyes (14.3%). The between-group differences in SE, magnitude of cylinder, UCVA, and haze were statistically significant (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both LASIK and LASEK were safe and effectively treated eyes with high myopia. Laser in situ keratomileusis provided superior results in visual predictability and corneal opacity.     

Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and hyperopia using the Lasersight 200 laser in 300 consecutive eyes

PURPOSE: To evaluate effectiveness, safety, predictability, and short-term stability of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the LaserSight Compac-200 Mini excimer laser with software version 9.0, for all refractive errors. METHODS: One hundred fifty consecutive patients (300 eyes) that received bilateral LASIK for myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism were studied prospectively. A new 9.0 software version applying a modified nomogram that takes advantage of bilateral surgery was used. Follow-up at 6 months was available for 267 eyes (89%). RESULTS: Six months postoperatively, 131 eyes (96.32%) in the low to moderate myopia group (-1.00 to -5.99 D; n=136) had a spherical equivalent refraction within +/-1.00 D, and 123 eyes (90.44%) were within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia. In the high to extreme myopia group (-6.00 to -25.00 D; n=114), 97 eyes (87.08%) had a spherical equivalent refraction within +/-1.00 D and 78 eyes (68.42%) were within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia. In the hyperopia group (+1.00 to +6.00 D; n=50), 44 eyes (88%) had a postoperative spherical equivalent refraction within +/-1.00 D, and 31 eyes (62%) were within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia. Mean change in spherical equivalent refraction at 6 months was less than -0.50 D in the low to high myopia groups and -1.16 +/- 0.55 D in the extreme myopia group. At 6 months follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 73 eyes (54%) in the low to moderate myopia groups and 21 eyes (18%) in the high to extreme myopia groups. In the hyperopia group at 6 months follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 31 eyes (62%) and 20/40 or better in 41 eyes (82%). Only two eyes had a temporary loss of two or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity due to corneal folds that were surgically treated. Six months after LASIK, no eye had lost any lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity in this series. CONCLUSIONS: Our modified LASIK nomogram with the 9.0 software of the LaserSight 200 excimer laser (with a larger and smoother ablation pattern) resulted in safe and effective outcomes for the treatment of low to high myopia, astigmatism, and hyperopia.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术远期效果观察

目的探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）矫正近视的远期效果。方法按近视屈光度-0.50D~-6.00D、-6.25D~-10.00D和-10.25D~-15.00D将205例（408眼）近视分为A,B,C3组进行LASIK矫治、术后随访时间4 a。结果 408眼术后3个月时,视力达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力者,A组占98.32%,B组95.72%,C组90.41%。到手术后4 a时,达到或超过最佳矫正视力者,A组有93.35%,B组有81.52%,C组只有47.27%。3个月时出现欠矫与回退者,A组占2.53%,B组占2.47%,C组占2.08%;术后4 a时,出现欠矫与回退者,A组占7.58%,B组为30.25%,C组高达52.08%。角膜表面屈率随时间的延长,A组只有轻微的增加,而B组和C组随屈光度的增高,屈率增加更加明显。手术后4 a内,本组有l眼外伤后角膜瓣移位,1眼术后视网脱离。结论 LASIK手术矫正近视远期效果安全有效,但随近视屈光度的增高,回退率明显增加,故对于高度近视,要术前仔细检查,慎重手术。     

飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术和准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术矫正高度近视术后两年患者角膜后表面的变化

目的　探讨飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis,fLASIK）和准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（laser subepithelial keratomileusis,LASEK）矫正高度近视术后2 a角膜后表面的变化。方法　本研究为回顾性病例分析。收集2015年1月至12月来我院角膜屈光科行激光矫正手术的高度近视患者48例92眼。将患者依照术式分为两组,fLASIK组25例47眼,等效球镜度为-6.00~-11.00 D;LASEK组23例45眼,等效球镜度为-6.00~-9.50 D。利用Pentacam测量各组患者术前及术后1个月、6个月、1 a、2 a时角膜后表面高度及曲率和非球面因子Q值变化,角膜后表面高度取自中央角膜厚度最薄点、角膜顶点及距角膜顶点1 mm范围4个位点（0°、90°、180°和270°）,同时记录视力、屈光度数、眼压、中央角膜厚度、切削深度等。采用独立样本t检验和重复测量方差分析进行统计处理。结果　两组患者术前年龄、裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、等效球镜度、眼压、中央角膜厚度、切削深度之间差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。两组患者术前及术后各时间点角膜最薄点和角膜顶点后表面高度的差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）,其余4个位点差异亦无均统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。角膜最薄点和角膜顶点以及4个位点后表面高度不随时间变化而变化。两组患者术前及术后各时间点角膜曲率和Q值的差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）;曲率和Q值不随时间的变化而变化。术后2 a时两组患者角膜最薄点后表面高度和术前的差值与切削深度/术前中央角膜厚度比值无相关性（fLASIK组:r=0.017,LASEK组:r=0.061,均为P>0.05）;角膜后表面Q值差值与切削深度/术前中央角膜厚度比值亦均无明显相关性（fLASIK组:r=0.062,LASEK组:r=0.103,均为P>0.05）。结论　经fLASIK或LASEK矫正的高度近视患者,术后角膜后表面保持稳定;这两种术式在保留足够的角膜基质床厚度前提下是长期安全的。     

Corneal power, thickness, and stiffness: results of a prospective randomized controlled trial of PRK and LASIK for myopia

PURPOSE: To compare the short-, medium-, and long-term changes in corneal optical power and corneal aberrations, central corneal thickness, and corneal "stiffness" assessed by pneumotonometry readings in patients having laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Arhus University Hospital, Arhus, Denmark. METHODS: One eye of each of 45 patients with myopia ranging from -6.00 to -8.00 diopters (D) (spherical equivalent spectacle refraction [SER]) was randomized to LASIK (n=25; mean SER -7.12 D +/- 0.57 [SD]) or PRK (n=20; mean SER -6.91 +/- 0.57 D). Data were collected prospectively before and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 36 months after surgery. Measurements included corneal topography (TMS-1, Tomey), corneal thickness (ultrasound pachymetry), and apparent intraocular pressure (IOP) (pneumotonometry). Retreatments were not performed during the first year, and retreated eyes were excluded from the 3-year follow-up. Changes in corneal power and aberrations, thickness, and apparent IOP were calculated in a pair-wise manner for 3 time periods: short term (preoperative to 1 month after surgery), medium term (1 to 12 months after surgery), and long term (1 to 3 years after surgery). RESULTS: In the short term, corneal power decreased equally in LASIK and PRK eyes. Spherical aberrations and coma-like aberrations increased equally, while corneal thickness decreased significantly less in LASIK eyes than in PRK eyes. The apparent IOP decreased more in LASIK eyes than in PRK eyes. In the medium term, corneal power increased significantly in both groups. Spherical aberrations decreased significantly in PRK eyes but not in LASIK eyes. From 1 to 12 months, corneal thickness increased more in PRK eyes than in LASIK eyes. During this period, the apparent IOP increased significantly in LASIK eyes. In the long term, corneal power and corneal aberrations did not change significantly in either group. Corneal thickness increased slightly but significantly in both groups. The apparent IOP increased significantly more in PRK eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Differences between LASIK and PRK related to time-dependent events affecting corneal shape and structural integrity were present. Peripheral changes in flap hydration in LASIK eyes and epithelial and/or stromal thickening in PRK eyes appeared to be the most important factors in optical power changes in the first year after treatment. The changes in apparent IOP suggest that some interlamellar healing occurred during the first year after LASIK. After LASIK and PRK, corneal bending stiffness seemed permanently decreased, although some restiffening may occur in PRK eyes in the long term.     

波前像差引导的LASIK手术的临床效果观察

目的:观察波前像差引导的LASIK手术矫正近视的效果,并进行分析和研究。方法:我院完成的波前像差引导的个体化屈光手术(Zyoptix)104例207眼。设Zyoptix组,并同样设常规LASIK组100例200眼为对照组。术前屈光度均为-1.50～10.00D,按≤-6.00D和>-6.00D各分为两组。两组中低度数组为Ⅰ组,高度数组为Ⅱ组。手术前和手术后均使用Zywave像差仪和ObscanⅡ对进行检查,像差计测量,分析波前像差。应用1.0mm和2.0mm结合的高斯光斑、频率100Hz的飞点扫描准分子激光进行屈光手术。采取术后3mo和6mo的随访数据进行研究,比较其差异。结果:术后裸眼视力Zyoptix组优于常规LASIK组,且视觉质量有明显的提高,有显著差异。术后两组均显示低阶像差明显降低,高阶像差有所提高。术后的高阶像差和切削面直径的大小及切削量的多少有关。结论:波前像差引导的LASIK手术是一种很可靠的技术,可有效地矫正屈光不正,改善视觉敏感度,提高视觉质量,尤其是提高夜间视力的视觉质量,然而尚存在很多的问题。