Evaluation of FRAX to characterise fracture risk in Poland

Summary  

The UK FRAX model was evaluated retrospectively in Polish women assessed 11 years previously for fracture risk. Results were compared with fracture risk observed during follow-up. The UK model can be used to stratify risk, but caution is required in interpretation of absolute fracture risk.     

Association between incident and baseline vertebral fractures in European women: vertebral fracture assessment in the Osteoporosis and Ultrasound Study (OPUS)

Summary  

Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) with densitometric devices uses less radiation than spinal radiography. We assessed risk of new vertebral fracture (VF) in women with baseline fracture identified on VFA using algorithm-based qualitative diagnosis. Women with VF had significantly greater risk of VF after 6 years compared to those without baseline fracture.     

Bone mineral density enhances use of clinical risk factors in predicting ten-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese men: the Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study

Summary  

This prospective study aimed to determine the risk factors and the 10-year probability of osteoporotic fracture in Southern Chinese men. The findings show substantial population differences in fracture incidence and risk prediction compared to the FRAX^TM model, and the addition of BMD information to clinical risk factor assessment improved fracture risk prediction in Chinese men.     

Rib fracture as a predictor of future fractures in young and older postmenopausal women: National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA)

Summary  

A rib fracture history after age 45 was associated with a 5.4-fold increase in new rib fracture risk and a 2.4-fold increase in risk of any new clinical fracture in 155,031 postmenopausal women. A rib fracture history suggests osteoporosis and should be considered when evaluating patients for interventions to prevent fractures.     

Does dietary protein reduce hip fracture risk in elders? The Framingham osteoporosis study

Summary  

Association between dietary protein and fracture risk is unclear. We examined association between energy-adjusted protein intake and hip fracture risk in elders. The risk of hip fracture was reduced in upper quartiles of protein intake when compared with lowest quartile.     

Importance of bone mineral density measurements in evaluating fragility bone fracture risk in Asian Indian men

Summary  

We evaluated the effect of BMD on fracture risk prediction using FRAX? among Asian Indian men when used in conjunction with clinical risk factors. A majority of our subjects were either osteopenic or osteoporotic, and their fracture risk increased when FRAX? was used in conjunction with femur neck T-scores.     

Effects of paracetamol,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,acetylsalicylic acid,and opioids on bone mineral density and risk of fracture: results of the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study (DOPS)

Summary  

Pain medication has been associated with fractures. We found higher weight in paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) users and lower vitamin D levels in opioid and acetylsalicylic acid users. None of the pain medications influenced bone mineral density or loss. NSAID were associated with an increased fracture risk.     

Growth in childhood predicts hip fracture risk in later life

Summary  

The incidence of hip fracture was estimated in 6,370 women born in Helsinki between 1934 and 1944. Women in the lowest quarter of adiposity gain had an 8.2-fold increase in hip fracture risk compared with those in the highest quarter (p < 0.001). These data point to a relationship between childhood growth and fracture risk during later life.     

Pelvic Fracture and Risk Factors for Mortality: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan

Objective:   

To study the incidence, demographics, distribution of fracture sites, associated injuries, and risk factors for the outcomes of pelvic fracture on a population basis.     

Do patients perceive a link between a fragility fracture and osteoporosis?

Background  

To evaluate factors associated with whether patients associate their fracture with future fracture risk.     

BMI change is associated with fracture incidence, but only in non-smokers. The Tromsø Study

Summary  

Few studies have examined the association between body mass index (BMI) change and fracture in a general population. We observed that BMI loss was associated with increased fracture risk in non-smoking men and women, but not in smokers. BMI gain was associated with decreased fracture risk in women.     

Estimation of the lifetime risk of hip fracture for women and men in Canada

Summary  

In Canada in 2008, based on current rates of fracture and mortality, a woman or man at age 50 years will have a projected lifetime risk of fracture of 12.1% and 4.6%, respectively, and 8.9% and 6.7% after incorporating declining rates of hip fracture and increases in longevity.     

Bisphosphonate use and risk of post-operative fracture among patients undergoing a total knee replacement for knee osteoarthritis: a propensity score analysis

Summary  

We have shown that patients with osteoarthritis are at increased risk of fracture after total knee replacement (TKR). We conducted a population-based cohort study to assess the effect of bisphosphonate use on their post-surgery fracture risk. Cox regression adjusted by propensity score suggested a 50–55% reduction in risk of fracture post-surgery.     

Ethnic differences in composite indices of femoral neck strength

Summary  

Bone mineral density does not explain race/ethnicity differences in hip fracture risk. In this study, we demonstrated that race/ethnicity differences in composite hip strength indices were consistent with documented race/ethnicity differences in hip fracture risk, suggesting that unlike bone density, the composite indices may represent ethnicity-independent measures of bone strength.     

The osteoporosis care gap in Canada

Background  

The presence of a fragility fracture is a major risk factor for osteoporosis, and should be an indicator for osteoporosis diagnosis and therapy. However, the extent to which patients who fracture are assessed and treated for osteoporosis is not clear.     

Fractures after nursing home admission: incidence and potential consequences

Summary  

Fracture rates were examined in residents newly admitted to nursing homes. The risk of a fracture was highest during the first months after admission and declined thereafter. This risk pattern was observed independently of fracture site, gender or degree of care need.     

Adherence to osteoporosis drugs and fracture prevention: no evidence of healthy adherer bias in a frail cohort of seniors

Summary  

We examined new users of osteoporosis drugs among seniors in Pennsylvania and found no evidence of healthy adherer bias on observed associations between adherence to treatment and non-vertebral fracture risk; we document fracture reduction with better adherence to bisphosphonates, yet no fracture reduction with better adherence to calcitonin or raloxifene.     

Changes in cortical bone response to high-fat diet from adolescence to adulthood in mice

Summary  

Diabetic obesity is associated with increased fracture risk in adults and adolescents. We find in both adolescent and adult mice dramatically inferior mechanical properties and structural quality of cortical bone, in agreement with the human fracture data, although some aspects of the response to obesity appear to differ by age.     

The factor-of-risk biomechanical approach predicts hip fracture in men and women: the Framingham Study

Summary  

We examined the relation between a biomechanical measure, factor-of-risk, and hip fracture risk in 1,100 men and women from the Framingham Study and found that it predicted hip fracture (men, ORs of 1.8; women, 1.2–1.4).     

Hip and fragility fracture prediction by 4-item clinical risk score and mobile heel BMD: a women cohort study

Background  

One in four Swedish women suffers a hip fracture yielding high morbidity and mortality. We wanted to revalidate a 4-item clinical risk score and evaluate a portable heel bone mineral density (BMD) technique regarding hip and fragility fracture risk among elderly women.