Intrapleural Hypotonic Cisplatin Treatment for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: In Vitro Experiments and Clinical Application

Purpose We studied the inhibitory effects of hypotonic cisplatin on the growth of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell lines in vitro, and assessed the effectiveness of intraoperative intrapleural hypotonic cisplatin treatment combined with extrapleural pneumonectomy for patients with this tumor. Methods In the in vitro experiments, mesothelioma cell lines were exposed to various concentrations of cisplatin in either saline solution or distilled water for up to 5 min. After 48 h incubation, we calculated the inhibition of cell growth. In the clinical study, five patients with MPM underwent intraoperative intrapleural hypotonic cisplatin treatment combined with extrapleural pneumonectomy. Results The hypotonic cisplatin treatment inhibited cell growth at a significantly greater rate than the isotonic cisplatin treatment. Just 1–5 min exposure to 10 μg/ml of hypotonic cisplatin inhibited growth by more than 80%. Clinically, no recurrence was found in four of the five patients after a median follow-up period of 27 months (range: 16–36 months), although contralateral multiple pulmonary metastases were found in one patient 10 months after surgery. Conclusion Hypotonic cisplatin treatment is effective against MPM, and should be investigated further.     

Malignant pleural mesothelioma in a 14-year-old boy with right aortic arch

We report successful surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in a 14-year-old boy with right aortic arch. Pleural biopsy by video-assisted thoracic surgery yielded a diagnosis of MPM, epithelial type. As the disease was not changed after combination chemotherapy with three cycles of cisplatin and gemcitabine, we performed left extrapleural pneumonectomy, including resection of the pericardium and diaphragm for MPM, and aortopexy for right aortic arch. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient has remained alive without disease for 10 months postoperatively.     

Surgical Treatment in the Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Single Institution’s Experience

Background A minority of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) are considered for surgery. To achieve a microscopically radical resection, combination with other treatment modalities is mandatory. The most effective combination is unknown. In our institute we have retrospectively analyzed the results of two combined modality regimens containing surgery. Patients Between January 2002 and September 2005, 15 MPM patients were treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and postoperative hemithoracic radiation (RT; 54 Gy). Previously, between January 1999 and December 2001, 20 patients underwent a combination of cytoreductive surgery – pleurectomy or EPP – and intraoperative hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC), followed by radiotherapy to the thoracotomy scar and drainage tracts (24 Gy). Results The median operating time for EPP/RT was shorter (5.3 versus 6.9 h; P < 0.0001). Postoperative complications occurred in 8 EPP/RT patients (53%) and in 14 HITHOC patients (70%). Two HITHOC patients died postoperatively. Median overall survival was 29 months for EPP/RT patients and 11 months for HITHOC patients (P = ns). The median time to local recurrence was not reached for EPP/RT patients, and was 9 months for HITHOC patients (P = 0.003). Local control was achieved in ten EPP/RT patients (67%) with a follow-up of 5–59 months compared to four HITHOC patients (20%) with a follow-up of 4–27 months. Conclusions In highly selected patients local control can be achieved with combination therapy but is accompanied by a high rate of (surgical) complications. Distant failure rates warrant further studies exploring the role of systemic chemotherapy while the use of cytoreductive surgery with intraoperative chemoperfusion for MPM is not supported.     

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma in children: description of two cases and review of the literature

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) in children has been rarely described in the literature. During the last 10 years we have seen 2 cases. The first was a 2-year-old boy who died 3 months after surgery. The second is now alive two and a half years after the mesothelioma was found, has undergone 3 laparotomies for recurrent tumor, and is now receiving chemotherapy and is apparently free of tumor.     

Stage Ia malignant pleural mesothelioma: clinical course and appropriate diagnostic process

Early-stage malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is difficult for physicians to diagnose, and the disease is usually advanced at the time of diagnosis. We report a case of early-stage MPM in a 69-year-old man. The patient presented with fever and left chest pain. A computed tomography scan (CT) of the chest showed a small amount of left pleural effusion and slight left pleural thickening that remained unchanged for 1 year. One month after his inflammatory response spontaneously decreased, follow-up CT of the chest showed reduction in the effusion volume but no change in the pleural thickening. Positron emission tomography with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) showed increased FDG uptake in the pleural thickening on the left side. Because MPM could not be ruled out, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with pleural biopsy was performed for a definitive diagnosis. The postoperative histological diagnosis was early-stage MPM classified as T1a N0M0 disease.     

睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤一例报告

目的 探讨睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤临床表现、病理特征、治疗方法和预后情况.方法 睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤患者1例,34岁,因右侧阴囊肿大5年,进行性增大15d入院.查体:右侧阴囊肿大、囊性,于睾丸上方可触及质硬肿物,表面光滑、轻压痛,与睾丸、附睾界限尚清.β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素和甲胎蛋白检测正常.阴囊超声于右侧睾丸鞘膜上方探及2.05 cm×1.97 cm混合回声的实性肿物,边界毛糙,内部回声欠均匀.结果蛛网膜下腔麻醉下手术切除鞘膜及肿物.病理报告:肿物切面灰白色,质硬,边界欠清晰.镜下可见鞘膜间皮细胞向上皮细胞和间质细胞双向分化,以上皮细胞增殖为主,上皮细胞有明显异形性,可见有丝分裂相;免疫组化染色角蛋白和波形蛋白呈强阳性.病理诊断为低度恶性的睾丸鞘膜间皮瘤.1个月后行右侧睾丸根治加右侧阴囊切除术,肿瘤未浸润临近的精索、睾丸、微血管和淋巴管等.随访38个月,患者生存良好,肿瘤无复发.结论睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤多表现为鞘膜积液,确诊需依靠病理检查,本病易发生浸润和远处转移,患者生存期较短,术后需密切随访.低度恶性的间皮瘤患者经早期治疗生存期可明显延长. :肿物切面灰白色,质硬,边界欠清晰.镜下可见鞘膜间皮细胞向上皮细胞和间质细胞双 分化,以上皮细胞增殖为主,上皮细胞有明显异形性,可见有丝分裂相;免疫组化染色角蛋白和波形蛋白呈强阳性.病理诊断为低度恶性的睾丸鞘膜间皮瘤.1个月后行右侧睾丸根治加右侧阴囊切除术,肿瘤未浸润临近的精索、睾丸、微血管和淋巴管等.随访38个月,患者生存良好,肿瘤无复发.结论睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤多表现为鞘膜积液,确诊需依靠病理检查,本病易发生浸润和远处转移,患者生存期较短,术后需密切随访.低度恶性的间皮瘤患者经早期治疗生存期可明显延长. :肿物切面灰白色,质硬,边界欠清晰.镜下可见鞘膜间皮细胞向上皮细胞和间质细胞双 分化,以上皮细胞增殖为主,上皮细胞有明显异形性,可见有丝分裂相;免疫组化染色角蛋白和波形蛋白呈强阳性.病理诊断为低度恶性的睾丸鞘膜间皮瘤.1个月后行右侧睾丸根治加右侧阴囊切除术,肿瘤未浸润临近的精索、睾丸、微血管和淋巴管等.随     

Quality of life and lung function after pleurectomy/decortication for malignant pleural mesothelioma

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESImpact of pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) on quality of life (QOL) is not widely reported. We investigated QOL and lung function after P/D.METHODSA single-centre, retrospective cohort study was performed among patients who underwent P/D for malignant mesothelioma between June 2014 and June 2018 at Hyogo College of Medicine. Data at 4 points before and 3, 6 and 12 months on QOL and lung function were evaluated with the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and pulmonary function tests.RESULTSForty-five out of 65 patients completed SF-36. Physical function and role physical decreased from 78 to 65 and 69 to 41 and did not recover. Body pain decreased from 74 to 52. It increased to 62 at 12 months but was lower than before. General health perceptions, vitality and social function decreased from 56 to 49, 50 to 47 and 63 to 50, respectively, but returned to baseline. Role emotional decreased from 75 to 54, then once increased to 63, but decreased again to 58. Mental health tended to improve from 58 to 70. Thirty-eight patients out of 45 completed pulmonary function tests. Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s decreased from 98% to 61% and 93% to 67% and did not increase. Right-sided surgery or complications was the risk factors of poor lung function but no significant risk factors in QOL.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that P/D had an impact on QOL. Despite the lack of recovery in lung function QOL in mental aspects tended to improve, suggesting that pulmonary function tests alone are limited in assessing QOL.     

Palliative surgical debulking in malignant mesothelioma : Predictors of survival and symptom control

Objective: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) typically presents at an advanced stage. In the UK surgical intervention has been mostly reserved for tissue diagnosis or chemical pleurodesis. However, the role of debulking surgery in symptom control has not been fully explored. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 51 consecutive patients presenting with MM underwent palliative surgical debulking for symptomatic relief (all patients presented with dyspnoea, 39 also had pain and two had a co-existing pleural empyema). Patients with early disease who underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy were excluded. The treatment aims were pleural drainage, lung re-expansion, pleurodesis and pleural debulking for symptom control. If the lung re-expanded after drainage of the effusion a subtotal parietal pleurectomy was performed via Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS). If the lung remained entrapped, a parietal and visceral decortication using VATS or thoracotomy was performed. The changes in subjective dyspnoea and pain scores were recorded at 6 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Prognostic factors were analyzed to determine their influence on survival and symptom control. Results: VATS pleurectomy was possible in 17 patients (34%), whilst decortication was required in the remainder (three by VATS and 31 by thoracotomy). Median postoperative stay was 7 days (range 2–17) with 30-day mortality of 7.8% (four of 51 patients). Morbidity included postoperative empyema in two patients (4%) and prolonged air-leak in five (9.8%). Overall significant symptomatic benefit was obtained up to 3 months after surgery but subsequently increasing mortality offset these benefits. Epithelial cell type and absence of weight loss prior to surgery were found to predict longer survival and successful symptom control. Conclusions: Debulking surgery has a beneficial role in symptom control for unresectable MM. However, this surgery should be reserved for those patients who present with epithelial cell type and before significant loss of weight.     

Membranous Glomerulonephritis Associated with Diffuse Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Report of a Case

Membranous glomerulonephritis is associated with a variety of malignant neoplasms. However, an association between membranous glomerulonephritis and pleural mesothelioma is very rare. We report herein a case of pleural mesothelioma associated with membranous glomerulonephritis. A 52-year-old man with severe proteinuria was diagnosed to have diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. A left extrapleural pneumonectomy was thus performed. The proteinuria resolved postoperatively. However, 6 months postoperatively, the proteinuria recurred. A renal biopsy revealed membranous glomerulonephritis. Simultaneously, a recurrence of the mesothelioma in the left pleural cavity was confirmed. Although rare, membranous glomerulonephritis appears to be one type of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Received: November 22, 1999 / Accepted: July 25, 2000     

Giant primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver: A case report

IntroductionMalignant mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm of mesothelial cells arising most frequently in the pleura or peritoneum and less frequently in the liver.Case presentationWe present a case of primary hepatic mesothelioma of 41 year old woman. She had no history of asbestos exposure or cancer. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed 21 cm intrahepatic mass in the right lobe with many cystic lesions and few small calcifications. Pathology showed a biphasic cellular pattern. In addition, the tumor cells were positive for Calretinin, Creatine Kinase (CK)5/6, CK7, CKAEI 1/3, Wilms Tumor protein (WT-1), and Vimentin, but were negative for Alpha Feto protein (AFP), Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP-1), Anti-Hepatocyte Specific Antigen (HSA), Synaptophysin, CK20, and Homeobox protein (CDx-2).DiscussionPrimary intrahepatic mesothelioma (PIHMM) is not included in the classification of the World Health Organization classification of hepatic tumors. Mesothelial cells are not normally found in the liver, but some reported cases suggest it may grow from the mesothelial cells of the Glisson’s capsule.ConclusionThe probability of hepatic mesothelioma should not be ruled out, even in a young woman without a clear history of asbestos exposure.     

Primary Malignant Mesothelioma of the Greater Omentum: Report of a Case

We report a rare case of primary malignant mesothelioma of the greater omentum. To our knowledge, only one other such case has been described in the English literature. The patient was a 61-year-old Taiwanese woman without any history of exposure to asbestos, who presented with lower back pain. Abdominal sonography and computed tomography showed a 12 × 9 × 9-cm³ mass occupying the lower abdomen. Laparotomy revealed a tumor in the greater omentum, invading the posterior wall of the uterus, without diffuse mesenteric thickening or multiple small nodules in the peritoneum. We performed en bloc resection of the mass, which involved omentectomy, hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Microscopically, the tumor cells were arranged in a tubulopapillary pattern lined by a single layer of uniform, cuboidal cells. A pattern of sclerotic stroma with irregular glandular elements was also recognized. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed strong positivity for calretinin. The final pathologic diagnosis was malignant mesothelioma. The patient did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and has remained in good health without any evidence of recurrence for almost 3 years since her operation.     

Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis. Report of a case without risk factors and review of the literature

Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalistestis is an aggressive tumour with localrecurrence being distant metastases the mainfeature of the clinical course. Usually appearsover the fourth decade, having a strongrelationship with occupational exposure toasbestos and long lasting hydrocele. Weintroduce a case of a 78-year-old caucasianmale who developed a malignant mesotheliomawithout personal history of hydrocele orexposure to asbestos. A revision of the currentliterature is performed to summarize the recenttherapeutic options as well as new diagnostictools.     

睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤1例报告

目的 探讨睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤的临床特征及诊治方法.方法 报告1例睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤患者的临床资料.男性,73岁,临床表现右侧阴囊进行性增大1年,B超睾丸周围可见约7.5 cm×4.1 cm液性暗区.检索Pubmed和CBM数据库相关文献进行学习.结果 患者行右侧睾丸鞘膜切除术,术后病理:睾丸鞘膜间皮细胞增生,伴非典型性增生,局灶恶变,免疫组化:CK5/6(+),Calretinin(+),E-cadlherin(+).3周后行右睾丸切除,术后11个月患者出现右侧阴囊肿物及腹股沟淋巴结肿大,行右侧阴囊肿物切除及腹股沟淋巴结切除,术后病理:脂肪结缔组织及纤维组织中恶性间皮瘤浸润,免疫组化:CK5/6(+),Calretinin灶状(+).结论 睾丸鞘膜恶性间皮瘤临床罕见,生物学行为进展快,临床症状不典型,缺少特异性肿瘤标记物,术前诊断较难,诊断主要依据病理,治疗以根治性手术为主,术后需长期严密随访,患者预后差.     

Malignant mesothelioma originating in the hepatic falciform ligament: Report of a case

(Received for publication on Apr. 23, 1997; accepted on Nov. 6, 1997)