兔眼晶状体上皮细胞的体外培养

目的 建立兔晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的模型。方法 采用组织块培养法,对兔眼晶状体前囊膜进行培养,并利用形态学检查方法和免疫组化技术鉴定。结果 组织块接种２４ｈ后即可见细胞生长,且保持上皮细胞形态,１ｗｋ左右细胞融合,在体外可传至７代,５代以后细胞呈成纤维细胞状,α－晶状体蛋白间接免疫荧光呈阳性反应。结论 成功地建立晶状体上皮细胞体外培养模型,可用于后发性白内障发病机制的研究。     

兔角膜内皮、上皮及基质细胞体外培养扩增的研究

目的 建立角膜上皮、基质及内皮细胞体外培养扩增的简单稳定的方法，为组织工程化角膜的构建提供种子细胞。方法 内皮细胞与后弹力层在培养基中孵育后消化法获原代细胞，胰酶消化去除表层上皮后取角膜缘，组织块法培养角膜缘上皮细胞，基质细胞应用胶原酶消化法获原代培养，各细胞融合后胰酶消化依次传代培养。结果 原代内皮细胞4—5d融合成单层细胞，可连续传6—7代。上皮细胞1周左右生长融合，连续传3—4代后细胞形态改变。基质细胞接种6—7d后近融合，传代后增殖明显，可连续传10代。结论依据角膜组织特征选择合适的方法体外分离、培养角膜3种细胞成分，可获连续传代扩增的角膜细胞。     

人晶状体上皮细胞的体外培养

目的建立一种简单可行的人晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的方法.方法利用组织块贴片法,对人晶状体的前囊膜和赤道部囊膜进行培养.对培养的细胞进行形态学观察和鉴定.结果组织块贴壁48～72h后可见人晶状体上皮细胞从组织块边缘长出,具有上皮细胞的形态特点,10～15 d后融合.在体外细胞可传五代,但第三代以后细胞表型向成纤维细胞转化.SABC法染色结果细胞胞浆内α-晶状体蛋白染色阳性.结论成功地建立起人晶状体上皮细胞体外培养模型,可用于后囊膜混浊发病机理和药物试验研究.     

胎儿角膜上皮细胞分离方法的研究

目的:为了利用流产儿角膜组织体外培养获取角膜上皮细胞,做为构建组织工程化角膜上皮的种子细胞。方法:收集30例(60个角膜)人流产胎儿,分别采用酶消化法、酶消化法结合组织块法和组织块法3种方法分离并培养人胎儿角膜上皮细胞。结果:用Dispase和胰蛋白酶冷消化角膜上皮后,在获取细胞总数、细胞活力和原代培养成功率上没有明显差异,但用Dispase消化后原代细胞容易成活,传代可得到纯化的上皮细胞;酶消化法结合组织块法培养时加入角膜缘组织块可以缩短细胞形成单层的时间,增加传代后细胞的活力;组织块法培养时,在胎儿全角膜组织培养时可得到角膜上皮细胞,角膜组织切割后培养不能获得纯化的角膜上皮细胞。结论:体外构建组织工程化角膜上皮时,种子细胞的获取可以采用流产儿角膜组织为材料分离并培养角膜上皮细胞。     

不同成分培养基对原代兔晶状体上皮细胞生长的影响

目的:研究不同培养基对兔晶状体上皮细胞(LEC)培养的影响。方法:使用组织块贴壁法原代培养兔LEC,倒置显微镜观察不同培养基(DMEM低糖、高糖、F12)下兔LEC形态、生长速度的情况。结果:DMEM低糖和高糖培养基使培养2wk后的细胞开始出现分化,并停止生长,晶状体上皮细胞明显成纤维细胞化。DMEM/F12培养基使细胞生长良好,传至第5代时细胞开始发生转化变为成纤维细胞。结论:DMEM低糖和高糖培养基造成兔LEC增殖抑制,DMEM/F12培养基适合兔LEC的生长。     

同一猴、兔眼角膜细胞成分原代培养的实验研究

目的建立从同一角膜片上分离培养角膜上皮、基质和内皮细胞的方法,为研究角膜细胞间的相互作用机制奠定基础。方法采用消化法分离培养猴眼角膜内皮细胞、上皮细胞和兔眼角膜上皮细胞．组织块培养法培养基质成纤维细胞和兔角膜内皮细胞。细胞接种于12孔培养板,并于培养不同时间行Wright染色检查细胞生长情况。结果采用消化法和组织块培养法能成功地培养猴、兔角膜上皮、基质和内皮细胞。猴、兔角膜内皮细胞培养1wk后,均能形成内皮细胞单层,细胞类似天然的六角形态．且以猴内皮细胞明显;猴角膜上皮细胞培养3～4d生长旺盛、但难以形成细胞单层,兔上皮细胞生长旺盛,1wk后已达融合状态,细胞呈膜状伸出板层伪足;猴、兔基质成纤维细胞易培养,1wk后已融合成单层细胞,细胞排列整齐,类似纤维走行样外观。结论从同一角膜材料中能分别培养出角膜3种细胞成份,消化法和组织块培养法相结合既能节省材料,又简单易行。     

人外伤性白内障晶状体上皮细胞的组织块培养

目的建立人外伤性白内障晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的简单有效方法，观察晶状体上皮细胞的体外生长规律和特点。方法应用改良组织块贴附培养法对儿童及成人外伤性白内障的晶状体上皮细胞进行体外培养，倒置显微镜下观察其生长规律。结果儿童和成人外伤性白内障晶状体上皮细胞都具有增生能力，晶状体上皮细胞均可传3代，晶状体上皮细胞多次传代后生长缓慢。结论儿童和成人外伤性白内障晶状体上皮细胞体外培养增生能力有限，儿童晶状体上皮细胞增生能力较强。改良组织块贴附培养法简单易行，重复性好，是晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的较好方法。     

小牛晶状体上皮细胞传代培养的细胞学特征

目的通过建立小牛晶状体上皮细胞的传代培养,观察晶状体上皮细胞的离休生长特性。方法组织块接种培养;用计数法及ＭＴＴ法测细胞生长曲线;绘制细胞分裂指数曲线。结果采用组织块培养法晶状体上皮细胞原代及传代培养生长良好;ＭＴＴ及细胞计数法所测细胞生长过程基本一致;细胞分裂指数曲线显示细胞在培养第５天达分裂高峰。结论组织块法是晶状体上皮细胞离体培养的较好方法;晶状体上皮细胞具有较好的离体生长能力;ＭＴＴ比色法是检测晶状体上皮细胞的有效方法。     

人晶状体上皮细胞的组织块培养

目的建立人晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的简单有效方法,观察不同年龄人晶状体上皮细胞的体外生长规律和特点。方法应用改良组织块培养法对胎儿、成人和年龄相关性白内障的晶状体上皮细胞进行体外培养,在倒置显微镜下观察其生长、分化规律。结果胎儿、成人和年龄相关性白内障晶状体上皮细胞都具有增殖能力,胎儿和成人晶状体上皮细胞可传3代,年龄相关性白内障晶状体上皮细胞传代培养基本不能增殖。结论人晶状体上皮细胞体外培养困难,不同年龄人晶状体上皮细胞体外均能增殖,但增殖能力均很有限;改良组织块培养法是晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的较好方法。     

白内障术后后囊浑浊发生机制的研究--老年性白内障晶状体上皮细胞的体外培养

目的观察老年性白内障晶状体上皮细胞体外培养的生长特点。为研究老年性白内障及术后后囊浑浊的发生机制及防治奠定基础。方法应用改良组织块培养法对超声乳化术中老年性白内障晶状体前囊上皮细胞进行体外培养，在倒置显微镜下观察其生长和分化的规律。结果前囊接种3—5天，有新生上皮细胞自囊片的边缘长出并向四周延伸，第3-4周部分细胞内出现空泡和颗粒等结构改变，生长近于停止；传代培养细胞不能增生。结论老年性白内障晶状体前囊上皮细胞体外增生能力有限。改良组织块培养法培养晶状体上皮细胞简单有效。     

盖玻片辅助人晶状体上皮细胞原代培养法

目的：建立人晶状体上皮细胞原代培养的简便方法并比较不同来源人品状体上皮细胞的生物学特性。方法：取胎龄20周合法引产胚胎眼晶状体囊膜、中山眼科中心眼库眼晶状体囊膜和白内障患者术中撕取的前囊膜，分别在培养皿中铺平，加10乩10％DMEM培养液润湿后加盖盖玻片防止卷曲并促进粘贴．添加培养液浸没盖玻片，37℃培养。同时取相同来源的囊膜按照组织块法培养。观察细胞增殖情况并比较原代人晶状体上皮细胞与人晶状体上皮细胞系SRA01／0413晶体蛋白的表达差异。结果：在盖玻片辅助下，胚胎眼晶状体囊膜第2天即可见明显的增殖细胞由囊膜缘长出，眼库眼囊膜和白内障患者术中撕取的囊膜在3～4d的潜伏期后亦可见增殖细胞长出；组织块法培养出现部分组织块漂浮，且胚胎眼囊膜潜伏期延长至3-4d，眼库眼囊膜和白内障患者晶状体囊膜潜伏期延长至4-5d。结论：盖玻片辅助的改良组织块培养法能尽快获得体外培养的原代晶状体上皮细胞，且操作简便，值得推广应用于品状体病的研究。     

整合素链激酶在大鼠外伤性白内障模型中的表达

目的:探讨整合素链激酶(integrin-linked kinase,ILK)在大鼠外伤性白内障形成过程中的作用。方法:取15只正常大鼠(体质量250～300g),建立单眼外伤性白内障模型,并随机分为伤后1,3,7d3个时相组,用免疫组化法检测ILK在各组晶状体上皮细胞中的表达。结果:晶状体混浊在外伤后1d即开始出现,并随时间延长而加重。ILK在各外伤组晶状体上皮细胞中均有较强的阳性表达。而未行手术的对照眼ILK表达为阴性。结论:晶状体穿通伤后ILK参与了外伤性白内障形成的病理环节。     

Human lens cells in culture. I. Isolation of adult lens epithelial cells from lens capsule preparations and reactivation of nucleus-containing fiber cells

BACKGROUND: Bovine lens epithelial cells in culture revealed a high sensitivity against micromolar concentrations of linoleic acid. To prove the assumption that unsaturated free fatty acids are risk factors for cataractogenesis, human lens cell lines are needed. Furthermore, the reactivation of nucleus-containing fiber cells to mitotic growth may hint at their role in after cataract genesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epithelium-capsule-preparations obtained by capsulorhexis were cultured in serum containing medium. Subculturing of these adult human lens epithelial cells was done by trypsinization. Fiber cell bundles from the equator region of a fetal human lens were transferred into culture medium. Aggregates of nucleus containing fiber cells were isolated from floating fiber cell bundles by trypsinization. Subculturing and cryoconservation of suitable cell lines. RESULTS: Primary culture of epithelium-capsule-preparations results in flattening, migration and proliferation of adult human lens epithelial cells. Nucleus containing fiber cells were reactivated to mitotic growth after adhesion to a suitable substratum. Established cell lines were received from adult human lens epithelial cells and fetal human fiber cells after repeated subculturing. CONCLUSIONS: Lens-capsule-preparations available from cataract surgery are well suited for the isolation of human lens cell lines, which were needed for testing cytotoxicity of drugs and for tracing of cataractogenic risk factors. The finding that nucleus containing fiber cells from the equator of human lenses can be reactivated to proliferating cells let us suppose, that these cells, which can not be removed easily from the posterior lens capsule, contribute to the after cataract formation.     

抗兔晶状体上皮细胞单克隆抗体的制备及特异性研究

目的 为防治白内障术后因晶状体上皮细胞增殖而产生的后发性白内障,制备抗家兔晶状体上皮细胞的单克隆抗体,从而更进一步以其为载体与细胞毒素偶联,特异性抑制晶状体上皮细胞生长而不损伤眼内其他组织。为防治后发性白内障奠定实验基础。方法：应用家兔晶状体上皮细胞与佐剂混合,免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｓ小鼠,通过聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ－４０００）使被免疫的小鼠脾细胞与同系小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合。细胞融合之后龙过ＨＡＴ选择性培养液培养,用间接免疫荧光抗体法和免疫组化ＳＰ法检测杂交瘤细胞上清液中的抗体、筛选出呈阳性反应的杂交瘤细胞上清夜中的抗体,筛选出呈阳性反应的杂交瘤细胞,再经３次甲基纤维素克隆化培养以保证单克隆抗体的特性,最后将此单克隆抗体对人眼组织进行交叉反应。结果 被免疫的小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞ＳＰ２／０通过ＰＥＧ－４０００融合后,经ＨＡＴ选     

Cataract--clinic and pathology

Clinicopathological studies were performed on 156 lenses of human senile cataract obtained by cataract operations between 1970 and 1988. It became clear that the aging influences the functional destruction of the equatorial region, the pathological changes of the bow area, and changes of the extralens environment. After operation for the atrophic type of the posterior subcapsular cataract, aftercataract easily develops on the intraocular lens and this requires treatment. Long-term observations were carried out in 180 Wistar male rats under the same laboratory condition and histological studies were performed. The similarities between the senile Wistar rat cataract and the human senile cataract indicate that the Wistar rat cataract is useful as a model for studying the human senile cataract. These rats were initially classified into six groups (control, vitamin E diet, EPC eye drops, catalin eye drops and reduced catalin eye drops). To study the effects of the agents (vitamin E, ARI, EPC, catalin, reduced catalin) on the cataract in senile Wistar rats the mean cell density of lens epithelia were measured at 2 or 3-month intervals. There were no statistically significant differences in treated groups and the control group. The results suggest that these agents affect another factor of lens apart from the proliferative activity of lens epithelial cell. Effects of anti-cataract agents were investigated using cultured lens epithelial cells. When cultured rat lens epithelial cells were incubated in medium containing selenite, super-oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and GSH in the cells markedly decreased, and GSSG was markedly increased. When cultured rabbit lens epithelial cells were incubated in medium contained selenite and glutathione, SOD activity was maintained normal level. When cultured lens epithelial cells were incubated in medium contained selenite and pirenoxin, SOD activity also maintained a normal level. These results suggest that both glutathione and pirenoxin are effective as anti-cataract agents. Cataracts in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was investigated on male of Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), stroke resistant SHR (SHRSR) and stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) rats aged 3 to 9 months. Cataracts in these rats were classified as follows: Type 0: no opaciiy, Type 1: nuclear opacity, Type 2: posterior subcapsular opacity, Type 3: nuclear opacity associated posterior subcapsular opacity and Type 4: complete opacity in both lenses. Incidence of cataract in WKY was 2.6%, SHRSR, 76.8% ant SHRSP, 88.2%. Incidence of nuclear opacity was remarkably higher in SHRSP (48.5%). In SHR aged from 3 to 5 months, nuclear opacity was ahead of the appearance of posterior subcapsular opacity which was increased during aging.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

以干燥脱水法保存的异种角膜基质为载体构建人工生物角膜上皮组织

目的:观察以干燥脱水法保存的鸵鸟角膜基质为载体构建人工生物角膜上皮组织的生物学特性。方法:采用组织块培养法获得新西兰大白兔角膜缘干细胞,经胰蛋白酶消化法获得细胞,种植于干燥脱水法保存的鸵鸟角膜板层基质上,采用气液界面培养法进行培养,通过倒置显微镜、透射电子显微镜、荧光显微镜观察其形态学、生长特点,超微结构及免疫学特征。结果:在干燥脱水法保存的鸵鸟角膜基质上种植兔角膜缘干细胞,接种72h后,细胞形成单层,移置气液交界面后继续培养7～10d,逐渐形成复层。经光镜、透射电镜、及免疫学检测显示其具有角膜上皮组织的生物学特性。结论:兔角膜缘干细胞能够在干燥脱水法保存的鸵鸟角膜基质载体上生长,并可形成复层,基本具有正常角膜上皮细胞的形态、超微结构和生物学特性。