Study on Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Alpha-fetoprotein Microheterogeneity

Affino-crossed-immunoelectrophoresis autoradiography(Aff-CIEA)withlectins was used to detect the microheterogeneity of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)in the serum of 78 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and40 cases of benign liver disease.In the hepatoma group serum AFP levelwas 124-56000 ng/ml,and in the liver disease group 31-980 ng/ml.TheAFPs could be divided into two microheterogeneities by means of Lensculinans agglutinin(LCA)or coneanavalin A(Con A),which were calledLCA conjugate type(AFP-R-L)and non-conjugate type(AFP-N-L),andCon A cojugate type(AFP-R-C)and non-conjugate type(AFP-N-C)res-pectively.If the AFP-N-L value of 75％ or AFP-R-C value of 100％ wastaken as an upper limit for the diagnosis of hepatoma,the rate of posi-tive results in hepatoma group was 87.2％ and 89.7％ respectively,whilethat in liver disease group was only 2.5％ and 17.5％ respectively.If theAFP value of 400 ng/ml was taken as a lower limit for the diagnosis ofhepatoma,the rate of positive results in the hepatoma group was 78.2％,while the false positive rate in the liver disease group was as high as 20％.The authors suggested that if the AFP value was taken in combination withassay of the heterogeneity of AFP(with LCA)for the diagnosis of hepa-toma,the rate of positive results increased to 97.4％,while the false po-sitive rate would decrease to 2.5％.     

Study on Genetic Diagnosis of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｈｉｌｄｈｏｏｄ－ｏｎｓｅｔｓｐｉｎａｌｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒａｔｒｏｐｈｙ（ＳＭＡ）ｉｓａｎａｕｔｏｓｏｍａｌｒｅｃｅｓｓｉｖｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅ，ａｆｅｃｔ－ｉｎｇ１／６０００ｂｉｒｔｈｓｉｎｎｏｒｔｈＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎａｎｄＥｕｒ...     

Objectified Study of Abdomen Diagnosis on Blood Stasis Syndrome

ＯｂｊｅｃｔｉｆｉｅｄＳｔｕｄｙｏｆＡｂｄｏｍｅｎＤｉｓｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｎＢｌｏｏｄＳｔａｓｉｓＳｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ￥ＷＡＮＧＪｉｅ；ＣＨＥＮＫｅ－ｊｉ；ＳＯＮＧＸｉａｏ－ｈｕａ（ＸｉｙｕａｎＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，ＣｈｉｎａＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＴＣＭ，Ｂｅｉｊｉ...     

An experimental trial of artemether in treatment of Pneumocystis carinii in immunosuppressed rats.

An immunosuppressed rat model was establisbed by injecting cortisone acetate 25 mg/rat twice a week for 4 weeks and 12.5mg/rat for another 2 weeks subcutaneously.A development of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP) was found at the end of the 6th week in all rats.     

A Study on the Stability of Ceftazidime to β-Lactamases

Ceftazidime (CTD), a new third generationof cephalosporins, is resistant to the β--Lac-tamases of .most Gram--negative bacteria. Thispaper presents the stability of CTD to β--Lac-     

A Study of Immunological Indices for Diagnosis of Chronic Berylliosis

The results of the Be-induced leukocyte migration inhibition test(Be-MIT),the lymphocytetransformation test(LI),the E-rosette formation test(E-RFC),the old tuberculin test(OT),andsero-immunoglobulin(IgG,IgA,IgM)measurements on 13 cases of berylliosis,44 members ofthe observation group,and 51 members of the contact group are rèported.In the Be-MIT,2 ofthe berylliosis patients were new cases that had been diagnosed and treated for a long time,andboth tested positive(18%).Fourteen patients from the observation group tested positive(32%),and 15 from the contact group tested positive(30%).The 8 cases in the control group testednegative;7 patients from the observation group and 3 of the berylliosis cases tested negative afterbeing treated.The lymphocyte transformation rates of the observation group and the berylliosisgroup were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).Both Et-RFC and Ea-RFC contents in the group with berylliosis were much lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).OT tests were performed on 8 berylliosis patients and 10 healthy men.Seven patientsshowed negative reactions and one showed a positive reaction.All the healthy men showedpositive reactions.The IgG and IgA levels of the observation group were significantly higherthan those of the control group(P<0.01).The Be-MIT could detect active beryllium disease atan early stage as well as Be-sensitive individuals.This test could be used as a supplementarydiagnostic index for the differential diagnosis of berylliosis and for the evaluation of a curativeeffect.1989 Academic Press,Inc.     

A Preliminary Study on Evaluation of Electro-Acupunctural Effect by Using Cortical Infrared Thermography

Electricalactivity,energymetabolismandcerebralbloodflowwillundergochangeswhenthecerebralcortexisstimulatedbyexternalstimuli(includingacupuncturestimulation).However,therehavebeensofarnoreportsaboutthechangeofconicaltemperatureunderstimulation.Thisstudywasdesignedtoobservetheeffectofacupunctureonconicaltemperatureincatbyanewneuro-imagemethod,theconicalinfraredthermography(CIT)('),aimingataudiChvisuallydisplayingtheextentandplaceoftheconicaltemperatureresponsetoelectroacupuncture(EA)soastounde…     

A Preliminary Study of C-reactive Protein in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Lyme Disease

Lymediseaseisatickborne,immune-mediated,inflammatorydisordercausedbythespirochete,Borreliaburgdorferi.Theinfectioncanproduceawidespectrumofclinicalmanifestationsthatcanbeconfusedwithmanyotherdiseaseentities.Clinicaldifferentiationisoftencomplexandconsequentlylaboratoriesareheavllyreliedontoprovidediagnosticevidence(Steereetal.,l977a,l977b,Steereetal.,l983a).CultureofBorreliablIrgdor/eri,thoughnotimP()ssible,israrelysuccessful,andtheseaIChfOrnonspecificlaboratoryabnormalitieswithdiagnosticv…     

A Survey of Study on Lactase Isolated from Yeast

Lactase (β-D-galactosidase EC 3. 2. 1. 23 )generally exists in microorganism and many kinds of animals and plants like almond, apricot, peach, soybean,coffee bean and snail. In microorganism category,mold and yeast can produce this enzyme. Due to the fact that yeast is safe, unvirulent and easy to culture, using it as a source of enzyme seems relatively ideal.Thus, a lot of studies corresponding to this field hasbeen conducted     

快速鉴定卡氏肺孢子虫

本方法是一种检测卡氏肺孢子虫快速简便的方法,有利于卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的诊断和治疗。采用过碘酸钠、GMS工作液染色,将经典的六亚甲基四胺银染色步骤简化为二步,染色时间缩短到几分钟,染色效果良好,卡氏肺孢子虫囊壁上的特征性括弧样结构很易察见。     

卡氏肺孢子虫透射电镜观察

目的 研究卡氏肺孢子虫的超微结构、发育增殖过程及其在肺组织内的寄生情况，探讨其致病机制。方法用地塞米松诱导大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎，取肺组织制成透射电镜标本，观察虫体的超微结构及其在肺组织内的寄生与发育状况。结果 可见滋养体的生殖方式有二分裂、外出芽、内出芽及接合生殖以及囊前期和包囊内的囊内小体的分裂增殖过程。虫体内有丰富的线粒体，且随虫体的发育和分裂，线粒体的数量、大小和形状也发生明显的变化。虫体主要分布在肺泡腔内，并可见有多个滋养体紧密吸附于Ⅰ型肺泡上皮细胞表面。偶见滋养体吸附于Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞表面。另外还发现滋养体寄生于Ⅰ型肺泡上皮细胞内、间质内，还可以在血管内皮细胞内、血管腔内、及巨噬细胞内见到。结论 卡氏肺孢子虫的生活史由滋养体、囊前期和包囊3个发育阶段构成，生殖方式包括有性生殖和无性生殖两种类型。虫体主要寄生于肺泡腔内，也见于Ⅰ型肺上皮细胞内、巨噬细胞和间质内。并表明虫体的吸附可能会对肺泡气体交换起到机械阻隔作用而影响肺换气。     

氨苯砜和蒿甲醚治疗大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的疗效研究

目的研究氨苯砜和蒿甲醚对实验大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的疗效。方法将wistar大鼠随机分为A、B实验组,以地塞米松皮下注射,诱发建立卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型。A组实验鼠5只,用氨苯砜治疗,50mg／只·次,灌服,2次/d,连用10d;B组实验鼠6只,用蒿甲醚治疗,20mg／只·次,肌注,1次/d,连用5d,首剂加倍。A、B组分别有1只为不治疗对照鼠。结果A组实验鼠在治疗后第12d基本恢复健康,对照鼠在第3d死亡;B组实验鼠在治疗后第8d基本恢复健康,对照鼠在第2d死亡。结论氨苯砜和蒿甲醚对卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎均有疗效。     

双氢青蒿素治疗实验大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的疗效观察

目的：研究双氢青蒿素治疗实验大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的疗效。方法：Wistar大鼠皮下注射醋酸可的松建立卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型。用双氰青蒿素治疗实验大鼠同时设有感染组和正常组作为对照。通过存活数、存活率、肺重、肺重／体重比、包囊计数和肺组织病理学变化考核药物疗效。结果：治疗组大鼠存活数、存活率均高于感染组,而低于正常组;治疗组大鼠平均肺重、平均肺重／体重比和包囊数均低于感染组,肺组织炎症反应明显减轻。结论：双氢青蒿素是一种治疗大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的有效药物。     

大蒜素对卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎预防作用的实验研究

目的观察大蒜素对大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)的预防效果。方法地塞米松连续肌肉注射Wistar大鼠,建立大鼠肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型。于模型诱导第3周起给予大蒜素治疗,剂量10mg/(kg·d),连续5d,后腿肌肉深部注射,以后每隔2周重复治疗一次,第10周末剖杀,同时设复方新诺明预防对照组和PCP模型对照组。以各组大鼠肺重、肺重/体重比值、Pc感染率、肺印片中每100个油镜视野肺孢子虫包囊均数等指标考核疗效。结果大蒜素预防组大鼠肺重(1.89±0.28)、肺重/体重比值(0.94±0.12)、Pc感染率(73.33%)、肺印片中每100个油镜视野肺孢子虫包囊均数(15.39±10.46)均明显低于PCP模型对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而与复方新诺明预防对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论大蒜素对实验大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)有一定的预防和保护作用,预防效果与复方新诺明接近。     

卡氏肺孢子虫感染大鼠模型的建立及表面糖蛋白基因的克隆

目的建立卡氏肺孢子虫感染大鼠模型并对卡氏肺抱子虫表面糖蛋白基因进行克隆,为进一步对该基因进行表达作前期准备。方法 以地塞米松对大鼠进行免疫抑制,2周后喂于感染卡氏肺孢子虫的大鼠肺组织匀浆,再免疫抑制4周,诱导鼠模产生。经光镜及PCR检测证实阳性后,用PCR法扩增出卡氏肺孢子虫的表面糖齿白基因并亚克隆入T载体,转化JM109大肠杆菌。结果 经光镜和PCR检测证实实验组大鼠均感染了卡氏肺孢子虫;PCR产物经琼脂糖电泳后,扩增片段的长度为319bp。结论通过地塞米松免疫抑制和一次性喂予病原体可以建立卡氏肺孢子虫感染大鼠模型。     

大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫包囊的二维数据分析

目的 探讨大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫包囊的形态学参数特征。方法 采用图像分析仪测量大鼠感染的卡氏肺孢子虫包囊的长径、短径、周长、面积、等效直径、圆球度、体积等参数。结果 长径最大值7．598μm、最小值3．75μm、平均5．112μm；短径最大值5．94μm，最小值2．94μm、平均4．438μm；周长平均值16．234μm；面积平均值为17．696μm^2。结论 本研究结果为比较不同宿主来源的卡氏肺孢子虫包囊提供了科学数据。     

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎病原学检查的实验研究

目的：比较卡氏肺孢子虫的染色效果。方法：给SD大鼠皮下注射地塞米松。制作肺泡灌洗液的涂片和肺组织印片，采用姬氏染液、甲苯胺蓝和六亚甲基四胺银进行染色，油镜观察。结果：姬氏染液染色后，肺孢子虫包囊结构清晰可辨。结论：姬氏染色法可作为卡氏肺孢子虫的常规诊断方法。     

蒿甲醚治疗大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的初步观察

目的：观察蒿甲醚治疗大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的效果。方法：给予SD大鼠皮质激素后肌肉注射或灌胃蒿甲醚，剖杀大鼠后取肺组织制肺印片观察包囊数。结果：不同给药方式的给药组包囊密度与不给药对照组比较有显差异。而阳性对照组则有显减虫作用。结论：大剂量蒿甲醚对大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎无预防和治疗作用。     

三种保守蛋白系统树支持卡氏肺孢子虫作为古子囊菌的分类地位

目的卡氏肺孢子虫作为肺炎的病原物,其分类地位一直存在争议.近二十年来,关于卡氏肺孢子虫的分子生物学证据多支持其为真菌的观点,但卡氏肺孢子虫在真菌内部的分类地位需要确定.方法本研究在swissprot数据库中搜集真菌和卡氏肺孢子虫中的肌动蛋白、α微管蛋白和钙调素这三种保守蛋白的氨基酸序列,使用phylip3.6a软件中的邻接法构建三种保守蛋白的系统树,从而探讨卡氏肺孢子虫的分类地位.结果三种蛋白的分子系统树都支持了将卡氏肺孢子虫作为子囊菌的早期分支古子囊菌的分类观点.结论古子囊菌可能并不是一个单起源群.