倍频视野计对原发性青光眼诊断效能的荟萃分析

目的以标准自动视野计的异常检测结果和（或）眼底改变为金标准,对研究倍频视野计（FDT）诊断原发性青光眼的文献进行荟萃（Meta）分析,评价FDT的临床诊断效能。方法电子检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、BIOSIS、Previews、HMIC、IPA、OVID循证医学数据库、中国期刊网专题全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国医学学术会议论文、中国优秀硕博士论文数据库、超星数字图书馆、书生之家数字图书馆;手工检索国内外相关教科书、杂志、会议论文等及其参考文献。根据Cochrane协作网推荐的诊断试验纳入标准筛选文献,并对纳入文献进行质量评估,提取纳入研究的特征信息。数据分析采用Meta test version0．6软件,检验异质性,并根据检验结果选择相应的效应模型进行Meta分析。对所有研究予以加权定量合并,计算敏感性、特异性及95％可信区间。绘制汇总受试者工作特征曲线（SROC）,并计算曲线下面积。最后进行敏感性分析。结果共检索到相关文献206篇,15篇英文文献（21个研究）符合纳入标准,研究对象共3172例。FDT诊断原发性青光眼的敏感性范围为0．51～1．00,特异性范围为0．58～1．00。纳入研究存在异质性。按照随机效应模型进行计算汇总,其敏感性、特异性分别为0．86（0．80～0．90）、0．87（0．81～0．91）。SROC曲线下面积为93．01％。纳入文献稳定性好。结论纳入的文献具有较高质量,汇总Meta分析显示FDT诊断原发性青光眼的效能较高,但还需要高质量的前瞻性研究作进一步分析。（中华眼科杂志,2006,42：403-408）     

OCT诊断原发性青光眼价值的Meta分析

目的：通过循证医学理论指导,应用多种评价指标和统计分析模型,分析光学相干断层扫描( optical coherence tomography,OCT)诊断原发性青光眼的能力,为临床医生诊断青光眼合理选用诊断方法提供参考依据。
　　方法：按照Cochrane 系统评价的方法,应用计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、超星Medalink、CNKI数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库。收集所有OCT相关的诊断性试验,应用QUADAS质量评价标准对纳入研究进行质量评估后,采用Meta-Disc分析软件进行Meta分析。
　　结果：共纳入16个研究, Meta分析结果显示其合并敏感度、特异度及95%CI 分别为0.86(0.84~0.88)、0.90(0.88~0.92)。其SROC的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.9517。结论：OCT对原发性青光眼诊断有较高敏感度和特异度,具有很好的临床应用价值。     

飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK与SMILE术后角膜敏感性变化的Meta分析

目的系统评价飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK（FS．LASIK）和SMILE治疗近视术后角膜敏感性的差异。方法Meta分析。采用严密设计的检索策略检索Medline、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBMdisc）、中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）,对比较FS—LASIK和SMILE术后角膜敏感性的文献进行Meta分析。分析内容主要包括术前,术后1周、1个月、3个月及6个月的中央角膜敏感性。采用RevMan5．0进行统计分析,计量资料以加权均数差（WMD）（95％CI）为疗效分析统计量。对检索文献的证据等级按照Jadad量表进行评价。结果共有4篇文献符合本研究的纳入标准,共198例（316眼）。Meta分析结果显示：术前FS．LASIK和SMILE中央角膜敏感性差异无明显统计学意义（WMD=O．28．95％CI：-0．73～1．29,P〉0．05）;然而,术后1周、1个月、3个月及6个月两者差异均有明显统计学意义（WMD-14．56,95％CI：-23．79～-5．34。P〈O．01;WMD=-15．29。95％CI：-22．46--8．11,P〈0．01;WMD=-13．12,95％CI：-18．77～-7．46,P〈O．01;WMD-3．45,95％CI：-5．72~-1．18,P〈0．01）。结论与FS．LASIK相比,SMILE术后角膜敏感性下降幅度可能更小,恢复更快：术后6个月时。SMILE术后角膜敏感性仍高于FS-LASIK。     

后囊环形切除及其联合前段玻璃体切除术对后发性白内障影响的Meta分析

目的 系统评价白内障超声乳化吸除术中选择Ⅰ期后囊环形切除（PCCC）与选择Ⅰ期后囊环形切除联合前段玻璃体切除（PCCC＋AV）对患者后发性白内障的影响。设计 基于文献检索的Meta分析。研究对象 检索MEDLINE数据库、中国期刊网专题全文数据库、中文生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国医学学术会议论文、中国优秀硕博士论文数据库、超星数字图书馆、书生之家数字图书馆等；手工检索国内外相关教科书、会议论文等；并以所有检出文献的参考文献作为补充。方法 严格按照纳入、排除标准筛选文献，并对纳入文献进行质量评估，提取研究所需信息。数据分析选用Review Manager 4．2．2软件、SPSS10．0软件，检验异质性，根据检验结果选择相应的效应模型进行Meta分析，以优势比（OR）判定PCCC术式和PCCC＋AV术式对患者后发性白内障的影响，并改变选择的效应模型，计算失效安全数（Nfs）进行敏感性分析。主要指标 纳入研究的文献异质性，研究结果的敏感性，95％置信区间（CI）及Nfs。结果 6篇文献共计305例白内障患者。经异质性检验，纳入文献无异质性，选择固定效应模型计算OR值。后发性白内障PCCC组与PCCC＋AV组的合并OR值为0．13（95％CI：0．06～0．25），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．000）。改用随机效应模型计算OR值，进行敏感性分析，差异仍有统计学意义（P〈0．000），且Nfs=76．8，纳入文献稳定性好。结论 白内障超声乳化吸除术中选择Ⅰ期PCCC＋AV术式患者较术中单纯选择I期PCCC术式的患者更能有效抑制后发性白内障的发生。     

中国人近视与原发性开角型青光眼相关性的 Meta 分析

采用Meta分析的方法探讨中国人近视与原发性开角型青光眼（ POAG）的相关性。方法检索CNKI和VIP数据库中自建库至2013年7月20日之间公开发表的文献,对符合纳入标准的研究进行数据提取之后,采用Comprehensive Meta Analysis （ CMA） v2．2软件进行 Meta分析。结果最终纳入5个研究,其中3个研究将高度近视作为暴露因素单独列出来。 Meta分析结果显示,暴露于近视的人群罹患POAG的风险增加3．07倍（OR ＝3．07,95％CI ＝1．90-4．96;P ＜0．01）;暴露于高度近视者（屈光度数＞-6．0 D）,罹患POAG的风险增加7．15倍（OR ＝7．15,95％CI ＝4．01-12．75;P ＜0．01）。敏感性分析显示结果稳健性好,未行发表偏倚分析。结论当前证据表明近视很可能是开角型青光眼的一个独立的、有意义的危险因素,并且高度近视者罹患POAG的风险高。     

羊膜在小梁切除术中应用的Meta分析

背景 青光眼患者行小梁切除术后的疗效一直是眼科医师关注的问题,手术中羊膜植入的有效性评价成为目前该领域研究的热点之一. 目的 评价小梁切除术中应用羊膜(TE-AMT)和未应用羊膜(TE-noAMT)在青光眼治疗中的疗效和安全性. 方法 按照预先制定的检索策略,通过计算机检索The Cochrane Library、PubMed、CNKI、中国生物医学文献数据库等,并通过因特网和手工检索进行补充,检索时间从1965年1月至2010年12月,纳入小梁切除术中应用羊膜和未应用羊膜的临床随机对照试验的文献.参照Jadad量表评分标准对纳入的文献质量进行评价,并对纳入文献的相关参数和数据进行信息提取,包括文献作者、试验设计类型、国籍、眼数、患者数量、性别、随访时间、平均年龄、青光眼种类、基础眼压值、失访率;分析指标包括术后≥6个月的眼压下降率、手术成功率以及并发症情况,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入19篇随机对照试验文献,其中15篇为Jadad量表评分2分以上,共纳入818例977眼.眼压的下降率在术后6个月和12个月的总体合并加权均数差(WMD=8.47％,95％ CI:5.20 ～ 11.75,P=0.00)、(WMD=9.37％,95％CI:4.97～13.77,P=0.O0);完全手术成功率和条件手术成功率在术后6个月的总体相对危险度(RR)分别为(1.40,95％ CI:1.19～ 1.65)、(0.47,95％ CI:0.22 ～ 1.00).并发症发生情况分析表明,术后浅前房、前房出血、低眼压、脉络膜脱离,术后6个月和12个月非功能性滤过泡的RR分别为0.51(95％ CI:0.30 ～0.85)、0.43(95％ CI:0.20 ～0.92)、0.51 (95％ CI:0.26～1.00)、0.57 (95％ CI:0.14 ～2.31)、0.31(95％ CI:0.20～0.47)、0.31(95％ CI:0.17 ～0.55). 结论 Meta分析结果表明,与TE-noAMT手术比较,TE-AMT能更好地降低青光眼患者的术后眼压,提高完全手术成功率并降低并发症的发生率.     

环孢素A在防止翼状胬肉术后复发中作用的meta分析

背景翼状胬肉是常见的眼表疾病，目前主要采取手术行翼状胬肉切除治疗，然而术后复发率较高。近年来有研究提出术后局部应用环孢素A（CsA）能有效降低其术后复发概率，但尚缺乏循证医学评价的证据。目的为CsA在翼状胬肉切除术中临床疗效的评价寻求循证依据。方法采用检索策略并选择关联检索词对数据库建库至2012年10月已发表有关比较翼状胬肉术后是否使用CsA滴眼剂的随机对照试验（RCT）和前瞻性队列研究（Cohort）进行检索，检索的数据库包括MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆、中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库和维普数据库（VIP），由2名研究者独立提取资料，对符合纳入标准的文献进行meta分析。Meta分析中纳入的关联结局指标包括术后复发率、Schirmer试验I（sIt）及术后并发症发生率。采用RevMan5．0软件进行统计分析，若纳入的各研究无异质性（P≥0．1，异质性检验，2〈50％），对计数指标的相对危险度（RR）和计量指标的加权均数差（WMD）采用固定效应模型进行分析，反之则采用随机效应模型，计算各指标95％可信区间（CI）。结果共检索到符合纳入标准的相关文献6篇，包括RCT4篇和Cohort研究2篇，1篇RCT的Jadad量表评分为5分，另3篇均为2分；2篇Cohort研究的纽卡斯尔一渥太华量表（NOS）评分为6～7分，共纳入309例366眼。6篇文献发表时间为2008--2012年。Meta分析显示，CsA组术后翼状胬肉的复发率和并发症的发生率均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（RR：0．39；95％CI：0．24～0．64，P=0．0002；RR=0．24；95％CI：0．13—0．44，P〈0．00001）。CsA组术眼术后sIt较术前的提高值明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（WMD=2．47，95％CI：1．59～3．35，P〈0．00001）。亚组分析结果与合并结果吻合。结论翼状胬肉切除术中使用CsA滴眼剂能有效降低术后复发率及术后并发症的发生率。     

GDxVCC和SWAP及SAP在开角型青光眼早期诊断中的敏感性及特异性

目的:评价并比较青光眼早期诊断仪GDxVCC、短波视野计(SWAP)、标准自动视野计(SAP)各参数诊断早期开角型青光眼的敏感性和特异性。方法:采用GDxVCC和SWAP及SAP对正常人42例42眼和早期开角型青光眼患者84例84眼进行检查,绘制GDxVCC各参数(TSNIT,SA,IA,IES,NFI)ROC(receive operating characteristic curve)曲线,比较GDxVCC,SAP,SWAP的敏感性和特异性。结果:TSNIT,SA,IA,IES,NFI的ROC面积分别为0.77,0.76,0.80,0.85,0.87。GDxVCC,SWAP,SAP的敏感性分别为80.6%,74.2%,67.8%;特异性分别为95.2%,85.7%,76.2%。结论:GDxVCC参数中,NFI和IES是区分正常人和青光眼最有效指标。GDxVCC诊断能力优于SWAP,SWAP优于SAP。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与青光眼关联性的Meta分析

背景 已有研究表明阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与青光眼相关,但这些结论仍存在争议. 目的 采用Meta分析方法分析OSAHS是否为青光眼的危险因素. 方法 以“sleeping apnea”和“glaucoma”为主题词检索PubMed数据库的英文文献,检索文献类型为病例对照研究和前瞻性队列研究,发表时间限制在1982年1月1日至2015年1月30日.采用Review Manager 5.2统计学软件进行Meta分析,计算总效应量的比值比(OR)和95％可信区间(CI)以评价OSAHS与青光眼间的关联强度. 结果 共纳入12篇回顾性病例对照研究文献,包括11 592例OSAHS患者和25 931名非OSAHS对照者,纽卡斯尔渥太华量表(NOS)评分法表明纳入文献质量为6～8分.12个研究存在明显的异质性(x2=34.20,P＜0.05,I2=68％),随机效应模型分析显示OSAHS组与对照组比较青光眼的发病率增加(OR=1.87,95％ CI:1.21～2.90),2个组间差异有统计学意义(Z=2.82,P＜0.05).轻、中、重度OSAHS亚组患者中青光眼的发生率均明显高于对照组(轻度:OR=3.61,95％ CI:0.56～23.43;中度:OR=4.17,95％ CI:0.47～36.91;重度:OR=6.95,95％ CI:1.14 ～42.26).敏感性分析显示,OR值波动范围为1.74 ～2.16.漏斗图示分析显示,纳入的文献可能存在发表偏倚.结论 OSAHS是青光眼的危险因素之一,且OSAHS的病情严重程度与青光眼发病率有关,OSAHS病情越重,合并青光眼的可能性也越大.     

双手微小切口与传统同轴超声乳化吸除术对术后视觉质量影响的Meta分析

目的系统评价双手微小切VI（B—MICS）与传统同轴白内障超声乳化吸除术（C—SICS）对术后视觉质量的影响。方法通过计算机文献检索,结合手工检索,对纳入的有关B—MICS和C—SICS临床疗效的相关文献进行Meta分析,以比值比（OR）和加权均数差值（WMD）为效应量,应用Review Manager4．2软件进行Meta分析。对检索所得资料进行敏感性分析,并评价其发表偏倚。结果共有9篇文献纳入研究。术后1d、1周、1个月,裸眼视力≥0．5的合并OR值分别为1．82（95％凹：1.38～2．39）、2．36（95％CI：1．27-4．37）和1．61（95％CI：1．08—2．41）。术后1个月,手术源性散光合并WMD值为一0-35D（95％CI：-0．48—0．21D）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。术后1个月,最佳矫正视力／〉0．5的合并OR值为1．69（95％CI：0．93～3．07）,差异无统计学意义。敏感性分析及发表性偏倚结果显示本研究结果具有较好稳定性。结论B—MICS可减少手术源性散光．使患者术后视力恢复得更快、更好。     

Glaucoma detection with frequency doubling perimetry and short-wavelength perimetry

PURPOSE: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of frequency doubling technology (FDT) perimetry and short-wavelength perimetry (SWAP). Moreover, to study a combination of both methods using the machine-learning technique double-bagging, which was recently established in glaucoma research. METHODS: Forty-three patients with "preperimetric" open-angle glaucoma (glaucomatous optic disc atrophy and no visual field defect in standard perimetry), 26 patients with "perimetric" open angle glaucoma (glaucomatous optic disc atrophy and visual field defect in standard perimetry), and 40 control subjects had FDT screening (protocol: C-20-5) and SWAP (Octopus 101, G2). Criteria for exclusion were color vision abnormalities, media opacities, and an age below 31 years or above 63 years. Data of 1 eye of each patient and control subject entered the statistical evaluation. A point wise evaluation of the diagnostic power of SWAP values was performed to derive spatial patterns of visual field loss. A double-bagging machine-learning algorithm was used to train classification rules on the basis of a combination of FDT scores and nerve fiber related visual field losses in SWAP. The diagnostic power of the classifiers was compared regarding their misclassification error rates and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: The combination of FDT perimetry and SWAP yielded better diagnostic results compared with FDT or SWAP separately. The overall estimated misclassification error rate of the combined classifier was 24% compared with 28% for both SWAP and FDT perimetry. Regarding the estimated performance of classifier at high specificities (>80%) in control eyes as measured by the partial area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, the combination of both instruments is also superior to the individual instruments. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of SWAP and FDT perimetry, each targeting different neuronal pathways, may improve early glaucoma detection.     

Short wavelength perimetry--the significance in diagnosis of glaucoma in myopic patients

The static perimetry is the most useful diagnostic method in glaucoma. The aim of this paper is to compare the results of static short wavelength automatic perimetry (SWAP) with the classic one (white) in myopic patients with and without glaucoma. The Tubingen Automatic Perimeter was used, the threshold strategy within the central 30 degrees and glaucoma program was performed. The sensitivity of the retina in blue on yellow perimetry was nearly two classes lower than in the classic method in both groups. The enlargement of the blind spot and the appearance of the arcuate relative scotomas could be shown in SWAP, while classic perimetry is still normal. Both, the mean defect (MD) and the mean sensitivity (MS) in SWAP indicated for the very early glaucomatous changes in myopic patient, too. The changes of the loss variance (LV) was not characteristic for these patients.     

Comparison of diagnostic ability of standard automated perimetry,short wavelength automated perimetry,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness analysis and ganglion cell layer thickness analysis in early detection of glaucoma

Purpose:The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) analysis using spectral domain optical coherence tomography against retinal nerve fiber layer analysis (RNFL), short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), and standard automated perimetry (SAP) in early detection of glaucoma.Methods:Participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled from the glaucoma clinic of tertiary care eye hospital in Western India from November 2015 to October 2016. The subjects underwent a detailed evaluation by trained glaucoma specialists. On suspicion of glaucoma, the patients underwent SAP, SWAP, and SD-OCT for GCL and RNFL analysis.Results:There were 91 patients in total of which experts classified 54 eyes into GON and 37 eyes into nonglaucomatous group. Sensitivity of SAP (42.59%) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of average GCL thickness (79.63%) and average RNFL thickness (72.22%). Specificity and positive LR of SWAP (97.3% and 19.19, respectively) and SAP (94.6% and 7.88, respectively) were greater than those of GCL (81.08% and 4.21) and RNFL (67.57% and 2.23) parameters. Negative LR of average GCL thickness (0.25) was superior to that of average RNFL thickness (0.411), SWAP (0.495), and SAP (0.607).Conclusion:Macular GCL parameters perform better than RNFL parameters in patients with early glaucomatous damage. There is superior ability of SWAP over SAP in detecting glaucomatous changes in glaucoma suspect group. GCL thickness analysis has higher sensitivity and negative likelihood ratio, whereas SWAP had higher specificity and positive likelihood ratio. Thus, combining both tests can lead to better diagnostic ability for early glaucomatous damage.     

Detecting early glaucoma by assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and visual function

PURPOSE: To compare the abilities of scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), and frequency-doubling technology (FDT) perimetry to discriminate between healthy eyes and those with early glaucoma, classified based on standard automated perimetry (SAP) and optic disc appearance. To determine the agreement among instruments for classifying eyes as glaucomatous. METHODS: One eye of each of 94 subjects was included. Healthy eyes (n = 38) had both normal-appearing optic discs and normal SAP results. Glaucoma by SAP (n = 42) required a repeatable abnormal result (glaucoma hemifield test [GHT] or corrected pattern standard deviation [CPSD] outside normal limits). Glaucoma by disc appearance (n = 51) was based on masked stereoscopic photograph evaluation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas, sensitivities, and specificities were calculated for each instrument separately for each diagnosis. RESULTS: The largest area under the ROC curve was found for OCT inferior quadrant thickness (0.91 for diagnosis based on SAP, 0.89 for diagnosis based on disc appearance), followed by the FDT number of total deviation plot points of < or =5% (0.88 and 0.87, respectively), SLP linear discriminant function (0.79 and 0.81, respectively), and SWAP PSD (0.78 and 0.76, respectively). For diagnosis based on SAP, the ROC curve area was significantly larger for OCT than for SLP and SWAP. For diagnosis based on disc appearance, the ROC curve area was significantly larger for OCT than for SWAP. For both diagnostic criteria, at specificities of > or =90% and > or =70%, the most sensitive OCT parameter was more sensitive than the most sensitive SWAP and SLP parameters. For diagnosis based on SAP, the most sensitive FDT parameter was more sensitive than the most sensitive SLP parameter at specificities of > or =90% and > or =70% and was more sensitive than the most sensitive SWAP parameter at specificity of > or =70%. For diagnosis based on disc appearance at specificity of > or =90%, the most sensitive FDT parameter was more sensitive than the most sensitive SWAP and SLP parameters. At specificity > or = 90%, agreement among instruments for classifying eyes as glaucomatous was poor. CONCLUSIONS: In general, areas under the ROC curve were largest (although not always significantly so) for OCT parameters, followed by FDT, SLP, and SWAP, regardless of the definition of glaucoma used. The most sensitive OCT and FDT parameters tended to be more sensitive than the most sensitive SWAP and SLP parameters at the specificities investigated, regardless of diagnostic criteria.     

Short-wavelength automated perimetry: Abnormality criteria

This study was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of different perimetric algorithms and their combination in short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), for detection of early glaucomatous damage. Retinal nerve fiber layer assessment and SWAP were performed in 160 eyes, of glaucoma suspects. Perimetric abnormality criteria based on presence of clusters of points with significant sensitivity losses showed higher sensitivity in detection of early glaucomatous changes than did criteria based on global visual field indexes.     

MP-1微视野和SWAP/B-YP视野及标准W-W视野检测青光眼的相关研究

目的：研究MP-1(microperimetry-1)微视野检测、短波长/蓝黄视野(short-wavelength auto-mated perimtry/blue-on-yellow perimetry,SWAP/B-YP)检测、标准白/白( white-on-white perimetry,W-W)视野检测在青光眼的现代临床综合检测中取得的视盘形态参数与生理盲点视野变异间的相关性。

方法：随机对我科门诊39例78眼正常体检者(均为我部军人)、59例118眼早期青光眼患者、25例50眼中期青光眼患者均采用HUMPHREY Ⅱ-750全自动全视野仪检测W-W与SWAP/B-YP视野仪、MP-1眼底超微视野仪进行视盘区域视野检测与45°免散瞳照相精确定位并叠加,通过上述三种视野的综合检测进行分析。重点指标：杯盘比值(cup/disc,C/D)、平均缺损(mean deviation,MD)。

结果：(1)MP-1微视野与SWAP/B-YP视野皆有明显差异。与正常体检组比较,早期青光眼组现C/D、MD均增大,生理盲点轻度扩大,中期青光眼组三种视野均能明显发现生理盲点、MS、MD异常。(2)当MP-1视野与 SWAP/B-YP视野综合检测青光眼时,在Logistic回归分析指导下,其MD特异度、灵敏度、准确率为92.0%,95.0%,93.9%。在与C/D值综合分析后,其可超越99%。

结论：MP-1微视野与SWAP/B-YP视野的敏感性在早期青光眼的检测中较标准W-W视野高,具有较好的相关性。但对于中期青光眼则体现了标准W-W视野快捷、准确、省时优势,上述三种视野综合检测较完整地体现出免散瞳眼底45°彩色图与视野功能相结合综合分析是将形态学和功能学检查结合得到精确定位的、定量的视觉功能资料,有助于更进一步提高青光眼现代临床检测诊断效应。     

Identifying glaucomatous vision loss with visual-function-specific perimetry in the diagnostic innovations in glaucoma study

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic results of four perimetric tests and to identify useful parameters from each for determining abnormality. METHODS: One hundred eleven eyes with glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON), 31 with progressive optic neuropathy (PGON) 53 with ocular hypertension, and 51 with no disease were included (N = 246). Visual field results were not used to classify the eyes. Short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), frequency-doubling technology perimetry (FDT), high-pass resolution perimetry (HPRP), and standard automated perimetry (SAP) were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compute the areas under the curves (AUC) and sensitivity levels at given specificities for a variety of abnormality criteria. The agreement among tests for abnormality, location, and extent of visual field deficit were assessed. RESULTS: AUC analysis: When the normal group was compared with the GON group, the FDT pattern SD (PSD) area was larger than the HPRP PSD (P = 0.020), and the FDT area of total deviation (TD) <5% was larger than the HPRP mean deviation (MD; P = 0.004). When the normal group was compared with the PGON group, the FDT area of pattern deviation (PD) <5% was larger than the SWAP PSD (P = 0.020). A difference from previous work was that AUCs for PSD or the best SAP were not significantly poorer than those in the function-specific tests. At set specificities, FDT yielded higher sensitivities than all other tests for all parameters. The agreement among tests for abnormality was fair to moderate (kappa = 247-0.563). When loss was present on more than one test, the quadrant of the visual field affected was the same in 95% (79/83) of eyes. The number of eyes identified and number of abnormal quadrants increased across groups with increasing certainty of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: At equal specificity, no single perimetric test was always affected, whereas others remained normal. Several parameters at suggested criterion values provided good sensitivity and specificity. FDT showed the highest sensitivity overall, with SAP performing better than in prior reports. Of note, the same area of the retina was identified as damaged in all tests.     

A comparison of perimetric results with the Medmont and Humphrey perimeters

BACKGROUND: The Humphrey field analyser (HFA), Humphrey-Zeiss frequency doubling perimeter, and the Medmont automated perimeter (MAP) are three commonly used automated perimeters with threshold achromatic methodologies. Visual field loss may be detected earlier with strategies that target cell lines with reduced redundancy or which suffer selective damage. METHOD: To compare these three perimeters, 63 subjects who were glaucoma suspects, ocular hypertensives, glaucoma patients, or normal controls were recruited selectively. All subjects underwent testing using MAP central threshold, MAP flicker perimetry, HFA full threshold, HFA SITA perimetry, HFA short wavelength perimetry (SWAP), and frequency doubling perimetry (FDP). After visual field testing, equivalent tests were compared: MAP central threshold with HFA full threshold and HFA SITA perimetry; Medmont flicker perimetry with HFA SWAP and FDP. RESULTS: On analysis of the MAP central threshold a kappa statistic and an area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) of 0.90 and 0.94, respectively, were found compared with HFA full threshold strategies, and 0.87 and 0.92 respectively, compared with HFA SITA. For MAP flicker a kappa statistic and an AUC of 0.65 and 0.81, respectively, were found compared with HFA SWAP and 0.87 and 0.96, respectively, compared with FDP. A quadrant analysis and comparison of mean defect between tests was also highly significant. CONCLUSION: Medmont and Humphrey perimeters correlated well; both may be used for clinical and research purposes with similar confidence.