单侧与双侧入路行椎体后凸成形术的效果比较

目的对比单侧入路与双侧入路行经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折的疗效。方法回顾性统计北京水利医院2011年6月～2015年10月收治的69例胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折,其中男性19例,女性50例,年龄52～91岁,平均66.7岁。采用单侧入路或双侧入路行PKP治疗,记录骨水泥用量、手术时间、VAS评分、Cobb角变化度、椎体高度压缩率、恢复率等指标,术后随访时间1个月。结果单侧入路组的手术时间为(28.6±6.4)min,显著优于双侧入路组的(40.1±9.6)min(P0.05)。两组的骨水泥用量分别为(4.2±1.7)m L和(4.5±2.0)m L无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组的术前Cobb角分别为(19.5±7.9)°和(21.1±9.1)°,术后分别为(11.6±5.5)°和(12.2±5.8)°,两组术后Cobb角均较术前有明显改善(P0.05),但两组间无显著统计学差异。两组术前椎体高度压缩率分别为(31.7±11.6)%和(34.2±15.1)%,术后分别为(12.4±5.7)%和(12.8±4.9)%,术后椎体高度较术前均有明显恢复(P0.05),恢复率分别为(60.9±20.1)%和(62.6±22.4)%,两组间无显著统计学差异。两组VAS评分,术前分别为(7.65±1.91)和(7.82±1.75),术后即刻分别为(3.88±1.12)和(4.03±1.02),术后1d分别为(2.36±0.49)和(2.34±0.53),术后3d分别为(1.48±0.33)和(1.41±0.41),术后1月分别为(0.12±0.05)和(0.19±0.06)。术后较术前疼痛均有明显缓解(P0.05),但两组间无显著统计学差异。结论单、双侧入路椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折,均能达到满意疗效,若采用C型臂X线机透视,单侧入路手术时间更短。     

320排动态容积CT在评价冠状动脉解剖结构方面的价值

目的:探讨320排动态容积CT在评价冠状动脉解剖结构方面的价值,阐述其在CTA扫描方面的优势,并分析其对冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)及介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的临床指导意义。方法:行320排动态容积扫描的冠状动脉CTA受检者中CTA图像未发现病变且图像质量为1级者70例,均测量其左冠状动脉主干、右冠状动脉、左前降支及左回旋支开口处的内径,左、右冠状动脉的开口位置、开口角度,左前降支与左回旋支之间角度及左主干长度,并按性别分组,行统计学分析。结果:1左冠状动脉主干、右冠状动脉、左前降支及左回旋支开口处的内径平均值分别为(4.10±0.80)mm、(3.52±0.69)mm、(3.43±0.72)mm及(2.84±0.77)mm。其中,男性平均值分别为(4.25±0.80)mm、(3.78±0.68)mm、(3.54±0.75)mm及(3.06±0.83)mm;女性平均值分别为(3.91±0.79)mm、(3.18±0.53)mm、(3.30±0.66)mm及(2.54±0.58)mm。2左、右冠状动脉起始处与升主动脉之间夹角分别为110.13°±15.04°、47.49°±17.19°。其中,男性平均值分别为108.42°±17.25°、45.57°±17.07°;女性平均值分别为112.41°±11.33°、50.05°±17.30°。左前降支与左回旋支之间夹角平均为72.70±30.88°,其中男性为74.18°±31.04°;女性为70.74°±31.08°。3左、右冠状动脉开口位置:位于窦内者分别占78.57%、81.43%,位于窦管结合处者分别占15.71%、14.29%,位于窦外者分别占5.72%、4.29%。4左主干长度平均为(10.49±4.08)mm。其中男性平均为(10.63±4.48)mm;女性平均为(10.29±3.53)mm。5冠状动脉变异情况:左、右冠状动脉开口高位者各1例;双开口10例;右冠状动脉缺如1例;心肌桥9例;冠状动脉瘘1例。结论:320排动态容积CT可清晰显示冠状动脉正常解剖结构及变异情况,对于指导CAG及PCI有重要临床意义。     

The addition of DTPA to [<Superscript>177</Superscript>Lu-DOTA<Superscript>0</Superscript>,Tyr<Superscript>3</Superscript>]octreotate prior to administration reduces rat skeleton uptake of radioactivity

Peptide receptor-targeted radionuclide therapy is nowadays also being performed with DOTA-conjugated peptides, such as [DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate, labelled with radionuclides like (177)Lu. The incorporation of (177)Lu is typically >/=99.5%; however, since a total patient dose can be as high as 800 mCi, the amount of free (177)Lu(3+) (= non-DOTA-incorporated) can be substantial. Free (177)Lu(3+) accumulates in bone with unwanted irradiation of bone marrow as a consequence. (177)Lu-DTPA is reported to be stable in serum in vitro, and in vivo it has rapid renal excretion. Transforming free Lu(3+) to Lu-DTPA might reroute this fraction from accumulation in bone to renal clearance. We therefore investigated: (a) the biodistribution in rats of (177)LuCl(3), [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate and (177)Lu-DTPA; (b) the possibilities of complexing the free (177)Lu(3+) in [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate to (177)Lu-DTPA prior to intravenous injection; and (c) the effects of free (177)Lu(3+) in [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate, in the presence and absence of DTPA, on the biodistribution in rats. (177)LuCl(3) had high skeletal uptake (i.e. 5% ID per gram femur, with localization mainly in the epiphyseal plates) and a 24-h total body retention of 80% injected dose (ID). [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate had high and specific uptake in somatostatin receptor-positive tissues, and 24-h total body retention of 19% ID. (177)Lu-DTPA had rapid renal clearance, and 24-h total body retention of 4% ID. Free (177)Lu(3+) in [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate could be complexed to (177)Lu-DTPA. Accumulation of (177)Lu in femur, blood, liver and spleen showed a dose relation to the amount of free (177)Lu(3+), while these accumulations could be normalized by the addition of DTPA. After labelling [DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate with (177)Lu the addition of DTPA prior to intravenous administration of [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate is strongly recommended.     

Assessment of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy by tomographic electrocardiogram-gated equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography compared with electron beam computed tomography

Background  Successful thromboendarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension promptly improves right ventricular (RV) function by decreasing RV volume and increasing ejection fraction (EF). Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography (ERNA) has been validated as a measure of RV and left ventricular (LV) volume and EF. Methods and Results  Nine patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension underwent electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) and SPECT ERNA cardiac studies before and after thromboendarterectomy. EBCT and SPECT ERNA measures of RV and LV volume and EF were compared. Before thromboendarterectomy, EBCT and SPECT ERNA RV and LV volumes and RV EF were similar. LV EF was within the normal range with both methods but was slightly greater (P ± .004) when measured by EBCT (mean ± SD, 0.61 ± 0.08) compared with SPECT ERNA (0.54 ± 0.10). Thromboendarterectomy measured by EBCT and SPECT ERNA produced marked similar and significant decreases in RV end-systolic (±72 ± 59 mL vs ±58 ± 25 mL) and end-diastolic (±75 ± 85 mL vs ±76 ± 32 mL) volumes and similar slight increases in RV EF (0.12 ± 0.07 vs 0.05 ± 0.06). Slight decreases in mean LV end-systolic (±19 ± 23 mL vs ±5 ± 13 mL, P ± .05) and end-diastolic (±32 ± 53 mL vs ±9 ± 31 mL, P ± .21) volumes occurred, with little change in mean LV EF (0.05 ± 0.07 vs 0.00 ± 0.10). Conclusions  SPECT ERNA is an accurate method for measuring RV and LV volume and EF before and after thromboendarterectomy.     

复方红景天对居住海拔5380m1年青年睡眠呼吸障碍的调节

目的　探讨长期居住海拔 5 0 0 0m以上地区人群睡眠呼吸障碍的特征以及复方红景天的调节作用。方法　居住海拔 5 3 80m高原 1年的 16名青年在口服复方红景天胶囊 ( 2粒 ,2次 /d)前和连续服药 2 4d后用上海海神医疗电子仪器厂生产的CFM 8型便携式脑电监测仪进行睡眠脑电C3/A1 、眼动图、心电图、颏肌肌电图、口鼻气流及胸腹部呼吸运动监测 ,每人每夜连续监测 7h。结果　 ( 1)受试者服药前睡眠各期百分率依次为 :非快动眼睡眠 (NREM )Ⅰ期 ( 5 5 .3 6± 1 5 1) %,Ⅱ期 ( 2 6.5 6± 0 .46) %,Ⅲ期 ( 7 0 2± 0 .5 6) %,Ⅳ期 ( 5 .81± 0 48) %,快动眼睡眠(REM )期 ( 5 2 5± 0 .2 0 ) %;( 2 )服药 2 4d后非快动眼睡眠Ⅰ期 ( 4 7.97± 1.5 7) %、Ⅱ期 ( 2 4.2 6± 0 .71) %明显缩短 ,Ⅲ期 ( 10 .46± 0 .68) %、Ⅳ期( 9.3 4± 0 .49) %以及快动眼睡眠期 ( 7.89± 0 84) %显著延长 ;( 3 )服药 2 4d后每小时周期性呼吸 (PB)的次数减少 [( 2 1.0 0± 9.65 ) ,( 11.75±6.2 5 ) ,P <0 .0 5 ] ,平均时间缩短 [( 5 5 .2 5± 9.3 0 )s ,( 4 2 .0 0± 3 .3 8)s,P <0 .0 1] ;( 4 )服药后每小时呼吸暂停 (SA)的次数亦减少 [( 8.5 0± 4.63 ) ,( 4 .2 5± 2 .76) ,P <0 .0 5 ] ,其平均时间缩短 [( 16.2 5± 3 .0 6)s     

秧歌对中老年女性健康状况的影响

目的了解秧歌对中老年女性健康状况的影响。方法选取北京市东城区某社区坚持秧歌锻炼1年以上,每周锻炼不少于两次的28名中老年女性为实验组,居住在同一社区的30名同龄健康中老年女性为对照组。对两组人员的生存质量、体质量、体质量指数、血压、肺活量及静态平衡功能进行对照研究;生存质量采用美国简明健康测量量表(SF-36 health survey,SF-36)调查,平衡功能采用静态平衡分析系统测试。结果 (1)实验组和对照组人员的肺活量分别为(1 998±137)ml和(1 949±192)ml(P<0.05),肺活量指数分别为(32.59±5.22)ml/kg和(30.26±4.07)ml/kg(P<0.05),闭眼身体重心摆动区域面积分别为(78.46±27.34)mm2和(83.44±37.55)mm2(P<0.05);(2)实验组和对照组人员的生存质量相关项目评分分别为:活力维度评分(75.06±20.93)和(63.27±15.22)(P<0.05),情感职能维度评分(77.67±28.49)和(65.33±15.87)(P<0.05),精神健康维度评分(78.58±21.24)和(70.35±16.86)(P<0.05),SF-36总分(594.36±102.76)和(565.67±78.46)(P<0.05)。其他指标两组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论长期规律的秧歌锻炼可明显改善中老年妇女的生存质量、肺功能和静态平衡功能。     

高危良性前列腺增生29例的微创经尿道前列腺电切的治疗观察

目的　探讨微创经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)治疗高危良性前列腺增生 (BPH)患者的疗效。方法　采用微创TURP ,改变传统的前列腺电切部位 ,治疗高危BPH 2 9例。结果　术后平均随访 12个月 ,2 9例有效 (10 0 % ) ,国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)由术前 2 7.7± 2 .1减少至 8.8± 2 .3(P <0 .0 1) ,生活质量评分 (Qol)由术前平均 4 .7± 0 .7下降至 2 .3± 0 .8(P <0 .0 5 ) ,最大尿流率 (Qmax) (8.7± 1.9)ml/s增加至 (14 .9± 1.7)ml/s ,剩余尿 (RU)从术前 (12 9± 4 2 .8)ml减少至 (36± 11.8)ml。结论　微创TURP是治疗高危前列腺增生合并尿潴留患者的有效方法     

椎弓根内固定术式不同入路治疗未合并神经损伤胸腰段椎体爆裂性骨折对比观察

目的探讨常规与改良后正中切口入路椎弓根内固定术式治疗未合并神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折临床效果。方法东莞市第三人民医院2010年3月~2014年7月收治的未合并神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者110例,按不同入路分为后正中切口常规开放组(常规组,55例)和改良肌间隙入路行椎弓根内固定组(改良组,55例)。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后下地时间,手术前后VAS评分、椎体前后缘高度比、Cobb角以及术后随访JOA评分、术后并发症发生率。结果改良组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后下地时间分别为(52.25±8.84)min、(127.47±22.13)m L、(38.15±4.52)m L、(5.81±1.44)d,均优于常规组的(74.47±10.19)min、(231.14±37.96)m L、(92.37±10.25)m L、(11.26±2.60)d,且该两组术后7d,6、12个月VAS评分分别为(5.96±1.18)、(1.26±0.27)、(1.13±0.20)分,均低于常规组的(6.85±1.56)、(1.95±0.46)、(1.74±0.37)分(P0.05);改良组术后椎体前后缘高度比为(87.33±15.20)%、(91.74±6.86)%,Cobb角为(2.26±0.52)°,JOA评分为(25.38±3.77),均显著优于常规组的(81.50±5.72)%、(94.20±7.09)%、(5.47±1.30)°、(22.15±3.40),改良组患者切口感染和切口裂开发生率低于常规组(P0.05)。结论相较于常规后正中切口入路椎弓根内固定术式,改良后正中切口入路椎弓根内固定术式治疗未合并神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折更具优势。     

头孢拉定胶囊人体药代动力学和生物等效性

目的研究头孢拉定胶囊在健康人体内的相对生物利用度和生物等效性,为新药报批及其临床应用提供依据。方法20名健康受试者随机双交叉试验方法,单剂量口服受试及参比制剂500 mg,用HPLC法测定给药后不同时间的血药浓度,计算主要药代动力学参数。结果口服头孢拉定胶囊受试制剂和参比制剂后的主要药动学参数:T1/2分别为0.841±0.165和0.842±0.213 h;Cm ax分别为(15.922±2.584)和(15.922±2.584)mg/L;Tm ax分别为(1.225±0.197)和(1.225±0.242)h;AUC0-t分别为(25.399±5.806)和(26.159±5.989)mg/(L.h)。以AUC0-t计算,与参比制剂相比受试制剂中头孢拉定的平均相对生物利用度为(97.4±7.0)%。结论两制剂生物等效。     

运动员血清中黄体生成素生物活性与免疫活性的研究

对２８名普通男大学生，１４名男竞走运动员和２０名男短跑运动员安静状态的血清免疫活性黄体生成素（ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ）、生物活性黄体生成素（Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ）及睾酮水平进行了测试，并分析了１４名男子足球运动员急性运动前、后Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ，ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ和睾酮的变化。结果表明：（１）三组受试者Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ与ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ呈正相关，三组之间的Ｂ／Ｉ比值和睾酮水平均无显著性差异，表明他们的垂体－性腺轴的分泌功能状况基本一致。（２）竞走运动员的ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ明显高于其他两组，而Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ无显著性差异。提示：把Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ和ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ结合起来。能更客观地评价ＬＨ的水平。（３）急性运动后，Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ明显升高，而ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ变化不明显，表明运动使ＬＨ的成分发生改变。（４）急性运动后血清睾酮的升高，可能与ＬＨ生物活性升高有关。     

Measurement of regional aortic compliance by MR imaging: A study of reproducibility

The reproducibility of MR imaging for the measurement of aortic compliance was studied in 47 healthy volunteers. Long and short term reproducibility and iatraobserver variability were tested. The method was modified to improve image quality and short term reproducibility and intraobserver variability retested. For comparison, spin echo imaging was compared with cine gradient echo imaging. Initial long term reproducibility showed a mean difference (± SE) of 3% (± 7%) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for limits of agreement of ± 69%. Short term reproducibility (7% ± 6%, 95% CI ±46%) and intraobserver variability (1% ± 2%, 95% CI ± 31%) were better. After modification of the technique and optimization of image quality, both short term reproducibility and intraobserver variability improved (0% ± 3%. 95% CI ± 17% and 5% ± 2%, 95% CI ± 16% respectively). Aortic compliance can be measured using spin echo MR imaging with good reproducibility provided care is taken to obtain good quality Images with high spatial resolution.     

谷氨酰胺对重症胰腺炎患者营养状况的影响

目的观察在重症胰腺炎(SAP)患者全胃肠外营养中应用N(2)-L-丙胺酸-L-谷氨酰胺(力太)对患者营养状况的影响。方法将41例SAP的患者随机分为常规全胃肠外营养(TPN)组(对照组)和加用力太的TPN组(谷氨酰胺组)。观察两组患者血清白蛋白水平,转铁蛋白水平以及体质量的变化并加以比较。结果两组患者入院时血清白蛋白分别为对照组(2 9.1±4.8 4)g/L,谷氨酰胺组(2 9.3±4.5 0)g/L,治疗2周后血清白蛋白水平分别为(29.5±4.62),(36.8±4.57)g/L,入院时对照组的体质量为(61.5±14.37)kg,谷氨酰胺组为(69.6±15.25)kg,治疗2周后分别为(57.1±14.63),(67.5±15.92)kg,入院时对照组转铁蛋白水平为(1.7±0.7)g/L,谷氨酰胺组为(1.7±0.4)g/L,治疗2周后分别为(1.3±0.1),(2.0±0.5)g/L,谷氨酰胺组与对照组均有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论在重症胰腺炎常规TPN治疗的基础上加用N(2)-L-丙胺酸-L-谷氨酰胺可以明显改善患者的营养状况,减少死亡率和并发症的发生率。     

三种后路内固定手术治疗胸腰段骨折的生物力学对比

目的比较椎弓根螺钉经伤椎短节段、经伤椎三节段与跨伤椎长节段三种固定状态治疗胸腰段骨折的生物力学差异。方法选取新鲜家猪脊柱标本(T_(13)～L_5)16具,随机数字表法分为正常组、经伤椎短节段组、经伤椎三节段组和跨伤椎长节段组各4具,除正常组外均制备为L_2椎体爆裂性三柱骨折模型,而后使用椎弓根螺钉分别模拟经伤椎短节段固定、经伤椎三节段固定及跨伤椎长节段固定三种状态。使用脊柱三维运动试验机在四组模型上模拟人体脊柱前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转活动,比较不同运动状态下四组伤椎上下相邻节段的运动范围(range of motion,ROM)及不同载荷下四组标本的轴向压缩刚度。结果经伤椎三节段组与跨伤椎长节段组在前屈[(1.19±0.27°)vs.(1.29±0.48)°]、后伸[(1.13±0.34)°vs.(1.02±0.46)°]、左右侧屈[(2.01±0.66)°vs.(1.94±0.61)°]及左右旋转[(2.48±0.50)°vs.(2.59±0.48)°]的ROM上差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);经伤椎三节段组与经伤椎短节段组在前屈[(1.19±0.27)°vs.(2.50±0.41)°]、后伸[(1.13±0.34)°vs.(1.70±0.44)°]、左右侧屈[(2.01±0.66)°vs.(3.44±0.85)°]及左右旋转[(2.48±0.50)°vs.(3.24±0.65)°]的ROM前者显著低于后者,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。经伤椎三节段组与跨伤椎长节段组的轴向压缩刚度[(194.12±99.83)N/mm vs.(238.36±96.01)N/mm)]差异无统计学意义(P0.05);经伤椎三节段组的轴向压缩刚度显著高于经伤椎短节段组[(194.12±99.83)N/mm vs.(157.91±52.87)N/mm)],差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于胸腰段爆裂性三柱骨折,经伤椎三节段固定与跨伤椎长节段固定均可获得良好的力学稳定性,但前者椎体固定数量少于后者,脊柱活动度更佳,值得临床推广。     

Magnetization transfer ratio and volumetric analysis of the brain in macrocephalic patients with neurofibromatosis type 1

The purpose of the study was to evaluate brain myelination by measuring the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and to measure grey (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) in macrocephalic children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Seven NF1 patients (aged 0.65–16.67 years) and seven age- and gender-matched controls were studied. A three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo sequence with and without magnetization transfer (MT) prepulse was used for MTR assessment. Volume measurements of GM and WM were performed by applying segmentation techniques on T2-weighted turbo spin echo images (T2WI). MTR of unidentified bright objects (UBOs) on T2WI in cerebellar white matter (52.8±3.3), cerebral peduncles (48.5±1.5), hippocampus (52.6±1.1), internal capsule (55.7±0.3), globus pallidus (52.7±3.9), and periventricular white matter (52.6±1.2) was lower than in the corresponding areas of controls (64.6±2.5, 60.8±1.3, 56.4±0.9, 64.7±1.9, 59.2±2.3, 63.6±1.7, respectively; p<0.05). MTR of normal-appearing brain tissue in patients was not significantly different than in controls. Surface area (mm²) of the corpus callosum (809.1±62.8), GMV (cm³) (850.7±42.9), and white matter volume (WMV) (cm³) (785.1±85.2) were greater in patients than in controls (652.5±52.6 mm², 611.2±92.1 cm³, 622.5±108.7 cm³, respectively; p<0.05). To conclude, macrocephaly in NF1 patients is related to increased GMV and WMV and corpus callosum enlargement. MTR of UBOs is lower than that of normal brain tissue.     

桡侧伸腕长肌腱部分移位修复第一腕掌关节脱位的应用解剖

为了为第一腕掌关节脱位修复提供术式设计的解剖学依据。对３０ 侧成人上肢标本,对桡侧伸腕长肌腱进行形态学测量。结果桡侧伸腕长肌腱性部分长（１７ ．８ ±２ ．６）ｃｍ ,肌腱上、中、下段宽分别为（１３ ．７ ±３ ．１）ｍ ｍ ,（５ ．６ ±１ ．１）ｍ ｍ 和（４ ．６ ±０ ．５）ｍ ｍ ,肌腱上、中、下段厚分别为（１ ．５ ±０ ．５）ｍ ｍ ,（２．０ ±０ ．３）ｍ ｍ 和（２ ．４ ±０ ．３）ｍ ｍ 。提示：桡侧伸腕长肌部分肌腱,有足够的长度和强度转位修复第一腕掌关节脱位,术式设计合理,是一种新的手术方法。     

大麻二酚对大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝的治疗作用及机制

目的 观察大麻二酚(CBD)对蛋氨酸/胆碱缺乏饲料(MCD)诱导的大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝(NASH)的治疗作用并探讨其分子机制.方法 63只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组(给予正常饲料)、MCD组(给予MCD喂养)和MCD+CBD组[给予MCD,同时给予2mg/(kg·d)CBD腹腔注射].10周后,组织染色法观察大鼠肝脏病理变化及纤维化情况,采用全自动生物化学分析仪检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶(AST)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平,生化试剂盒检测肝脏中胆固醇和甘油三酯水平,Western blotting法观察肝细胞自噬活性的变化.结果 MCD喂养的大鼠给予CBD后,肝脏的病理改变明显减轻(4.7±1.1 vs.2.2±0.5,P<0.05),血清ALT(214.5±54.1U/L vs.92.1±36.0U/L,P<0.05)和AST(175.9±55.2U/L vs.70.8±24.9U/L,P<0.05)水平明显下降,肝脏/体重比(%)降低(4.2±0.6 vs.3.1±0.6,P<0.05),肝脏中胆固醇(182.4±42.7mmol/mg protein vs.101.0±33.8mmol/mg protein,P<0.05)和甘油三酯(71.4±12.5mmol/mg protein vs.38.7±11.1mmol/mg protein,P<0.05)含量减少;肝脏的纤维化程度降低(1.4%±0.4%vs.0.8%±0.3%,P<0.05),Ⅰ型α1胶原(Col1A1)mRNA水平明显下降(2.9±0.4 vs.1.6±0.3,P<0.05).CBD治疗后,MCD大鼠肝脏中Ⅱ型微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3-Ⅱ)/LC3-Ⅰ比值增加(37.1±10.8 vs.71.2±17.1,P<0.05),可溶性死骨片1(p62)蛋白水平降低(202.4±40.9 vs.125.8±32.7,P<0.05).结论 CBD减轻了MCD诱导的大鼠NASH症状,CBD对肝细胞自噬流的促进可能是其肝脏保护作用的机制之一.     

人胃癌及其癌前病变的DNA、AgNORs定量分析

目的 对人胃癌及其癌前病变中DNA含量、AgNORs进行定量分析。方法 采用比色分析法测定胃癌20例,胃癌前病变12例及正常胃黏膜14例细胞核DNA含量;并通过银染技术对细胞核仁组成区AgNORs的数量、大小及形态进行观察。结果 正常胃黏膜、癌前病变、癌的DNA含量分别为(1.53±1.03)mg/L,(3.18±0.41)mg/L,(4.73±0.65)mg/L;AgNORs数量分别为1.57±0.24,3.24±1.08,4.43±1.60;平均最大直径分别为(1.01±0.17)μm,(1.41±0.38)μm,(2.52±0.62)μm;异形率分别为(10.8±1.2)％,(18.8±2.2)％,(36.4±3.4)%。各组间均有显著性差异。结论 胃癌及其癌前病变过程中DNA含量,AgNORs数量、大小、形态在胃癌发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

Hybrid术式治疗多节段颈椎病的短中期临床疗效研究

目的 评估颈椎Hybrid手术治疗多节段颈椎病的短中期临床疗效.方法 收集2012年6月至2014年4月武警总医院脊柱外科应用Hybrid手术治疗多节段颈椎病患者49例,其中男26例,女23例,平均年龄53.4(43～62)岁.49例患者中神经根型颈椎病5例、脊髓型颈椎病10例、混合型颈椎病34例;双节段10例、三节段39例.通过颈部疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)及日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(JOA)评估术后疗效,同时随访颈椎动力位X线片评估全颈椎节段手术前后的活动度(ROM).结果 术后随访24～46个月,平均(42.6±2.2)个月.术前、术后3个月和末次随访的颈痛VAS评分分别为(6.9±1.4)、(2.5±0.9)和(0.7±0.6)分(P<0.05);颈椎NDI分别为(24.6±8.6)、(17.8±6.1)和(13.8±4.2)分(P<0.05);颈痛JOA分别为 (11.9±2.8)、(12.6±1.5)和(14.8±1.4)分(P<0.05);颈椎ROM分别为 (44.2±8.1)、(34.1±6.8)和(30.4±9.5)°(P<0.05).结论 Hybrid术式治疗多节段颈椎病的临床疗效满意,能保留置入节段一定的活动度,可作为多节段颈椎病治疗方法之一.     

Assessment of absolute metabolite concentrations in human tissue by 31P MRS in vivo. Part II: Muscle,liver, kidney

Absolute metabolite concentrations were assessed in the muscle, the liver, and the kidney of healthy human volunteers by ³¹P MRS. Fully relaxed in vivo spectra were acquired with a surface coil and were localized with an adiabatic lSlS pulse sequence. The spectra were quantified with a subsequent measurement of a calibration phantom and were processed iteratively in the time domain. The following mean metabolite concentrations (mmollliter) were measured in the resting male calf muscle (n = 9), in the fasting liver (n = 12), and in the orthiotopic kidney (n= 5): [PME] = 2.0 ± 0.6, 3.8 ± 0.7, and 2.6 ± 0.9, [Pi] = 2.9 ± 0.3, 1.8 ± 0.3, and 1.6 ± 0.4, [PDE] = 3.8 ± 0.8, 9.7 ± 1.5, and 4.9 ± 1.1, [PCr] = 22.0 ± 1.2, 0, and 0, [NTP] = 5.7 ± 0.4, 2.9 ± 0.4, and 2.0 ± 0.3, respectively. Several interesting findings are to be emphasized: The concentrations of Pi, PCr, and NTP were 20% lower in the muscle of women than of men. In addition, the pH, was significantly lower in female muscle (6.99 ± 0.03) than in male muscle (7.05 ± 0.03). The pH, in the liver (7.12 ± 0.09) and in the kidney (7.09 ± 0.08) were higher than in the muscle of both genders. The free magnesium concentration (mmollliter) was higher in the lliver (1.40 ± 0.64) than in the kidney (0.79 ± 0.39) and in the muscle (0.52 ± 0.10).     

延期切开复位内固定治疗严重Pilon骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨延期切开复位内固定治疗严重Pilon骨折的疗效。方法选择2010年6月~2014年5月武汉市新华医院收治的严重Plion骨折患者144例,其中男性89例,女性55例;年龄21~58岁,平均35.6岁。根据随机数字表法分为观察组(72例)和对照组(72例)。观察组实施延期(伤后7d左右)切开复位及钢板内固定术式治疗,对照组实施早期(伤后3d内)切开复位及钢板内固定术治疗,对比两组术后整体疗效、手术相关指标、术后各时期的Baird踝关节评分以及术后创伤性关节炎、骨不连、踝关节僵硬、切口感染等并发症。结果观察组的优良率为91.67%,显著高于对照组的79.17%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组手术时间、出血量、术后卧床时间、负重下地时间、愈合时间及住院时间分别为(62.16±8.23)min、(50.65±6.32)m L、(5.42±1.26)d、(160.73±23.24)d、(115.92±15.33)d、(8.46±1.57)d,均显著少于对照组的(68.94±9.17)min、(74.76±10.17)m L、(8.43±1.19)d、(232.56±30.18)d、(187.49±24.30)d、(13.24±2.21)d,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术后3、6、12个月Baird踝关节评分分别为(85.13±13.46)、(89.50±12.63)、(96.15±13.22),均显著高于对照组的(74.42±10.89)、(78.14±9.87)、(80.46±11.78),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为4.17%,显著低于对照组的33.33%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论利用延期切开复位的内固定术式治疗严重Pilon骨折,有助于踝关节功能恢复,疗效及安全性均较好,适合进一步研究和应用。