Promoción de la lectura en etapas precoces desde atención primaria en una zona de exclusión social

IntroductionReading is a tool that stimulates brain activity, increasing its cognitive reserve and providing innumerable benefits such as the stimulation of empathy, concentration or language development. Promoting reading at a very early age helps develop reading skills correctly. However, social inequalities can result in this practice being carried out less in groups of low socioeconomic, social or cultural levels. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of a promoting reading habits intervention in a primary health care center located in a social transformation district by talking to the parents, providing books to families and encouraging books to become a part of children's play preferences.Materials and methodsA non-random intervention study in which children born in 2015 and registered in a particular health center took part. A reading promotion intervention was carried out at the ages of 4, 6, 12 and 18 months and at 24 months their preference for reading activities was assessed in relation to other leisure activities.ResultsThree hundred forty-two subjects were included, 154 allocated in the intervention group and 188 in the control group. The children in the intervention group exhibited a greater preference for reading as a leisure activity as compared to those in the control group (reading ranked in last position of favourite activities in 18.8 vs. 33.9%; p=0.003). The variables found on multivariate analysis to have a greater influence on reading position in the ranking of favorite activities were not having participated in the intervention OR: 2.06 (1.19-3.58) and gipsy ethnicity, OR: 2.37 (1.38-4.09).ConclusionsResults reveal a slight improvement in the preference for reading as an activity in the children that took part in the literacy program.     

Pulmón del cuidador de palomas

Bird fancier's or breeder's lung is an unusual hypersensitivity pneumonitis found in pediatric patients, due to avian antigen inhalation.A case of pigeon breeder's lung in a 12 years old child is presented. Clinical symptoms were dry cough for 15 days, dyspnea and weight loss. Physical examination of the patient showed cyanosis, chest tightness, tachypnea, inspiratory crackles and oxygen saturation of 91% in room air. Laboratory data revealed hypergammaglobulinemia and elevated LDH. Pulmonary function testing showed a mixed ventilatory pattern and a decreased carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO) capacity. Radiological findings were compatible with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and pigeon IgG antibodies (ELISA) and skin tests with pigeon serum were positive. The child improved with corticoid therapy and antigen avoidance.     

Evaluación de los cursos de simulación médica avanzada para la formación de los médicos residentes de pediatría en situaciones de emergencia

ObjectiveTo analyse the usefulness of simulation courses in paediatric emergencies in a new training program for paediatrics residents.MethodsAn advanced simulation course with practical cases of paediatric emergencies was designed. Assessment of each clinical case was rated from 1 to 5 in the following sections: organization and coordination of team work, physician orders, monitoring, clinical examination, treatments, interpretation of laboratory tests, parent information, and global evaluation. The results were compared by year of residency of the participants. Student satisfaction with the course was assessed through a survey.ResultsThere were six courses of simulation with 55 residents, of whom 29% were second-year residents (R2), 47% third year (R3), and 23% fourth year (R4). The median global score was 3.4 (IR: 3.2 to 3.7). The highest score was the initial monitoring (median: 4; IR: 4 to 4.3) and the initial medical examination (median: 4; IR: 3.4 to 4.2). The worst aspect was the information to the parents (median: 3; IR: 2.3 to 3.4). There were no significant differences in the global score according to the year of residency. The residents felt very positive about simulation courses, emphasizing the realism and practicality.ConclusionsThe inclusion of advanced simulation courses in paediatric emergencies in the training program of paediatric residents is a useful educational method, and is appreciated by residents.