苯麻滴鼻液含量测定方法的改进

目的　测定苯麻滴鼻液中盐酸苯海拉明及盐酸麻黄碱的含量。方法　采用旋光法测定盐酸麻黄碱 ,一阶导数光谱法测定盐酸苯海拉明。后者测试条件 :波长范围 2 0 0～ 30 0nm ,狭缝 2nm ,△λ =1nm ,振幅范围 - 0 .5～ +0 .5。结果　盐酸麻黄碱平均回收率 10 0 .15 % ,RSD =0 .38% (n =3) ;盐酸苯海拉明在 5～ 75 μg·ml-1范围内 ,浓度与一阶导数在 2 2 8nm波长处的半振幅值 (D)呈良好的线性关系 ,其回归方程为C =347.4 6 95D - 1.196 7,r =0 .9999,平均回收率 99.6 4 % ,RSD =0 .4 2 % (n =5 )。结论　本法准确、简便 ,可用于苯麻滴鼻液的质量控制     

一阶导数光谱法测定枯痔注射液中盐酸普鲁卡因的含量

目的　测定枯痔注射液中盐酸普鲁卡因的含量。方法　一阶导数分光光度法。结果　盐酸普鲁卡因的峰和谷分别为 2 30nm和 2 6 0nm ,在 5 .0～ 2 0 .0 μg·ml-1范围内D值与浓度呈良好线性关系 (r =0 .9983)。回收率为 99.7% ,RSD为 0 .6 %(n =5 )。结论　此方法快速、准确、重现性好 ,可做为枯痔注射液的含量测定方法。     

HPLC法测定黄柏石膏散中盐酸小檗碱含量

目的　建立测定黄柏石膏散中盐酸小檗碱含量的高效液相色谱法。方法　色谱柱 :IntersilC18柱 (4 .6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ;流动相 :水 -乙腈 (6 9∶31) ,用 0 .5 %三乙胺、磷酸调pH至 3.0 ;检测波长 35 0nm ;流速 :1ml/min。 结果　盐酸小檗碱的理论板数为 5 6 0 0。回归方程Y =- 2 .4 2 5 +0 .0 0 0 0 0 114 2X ,r =0 .9998。线性范围 5 1.2 0～ 2 5 6 .0 μg·ml-1。平均回收率为 10 1.4 % (n =5 ) ,RSD为 1.2 %。结论　该法操作简便 ,结果准确 ,可用于黄柏石膏散中盐酸小檗碱含量测定     

高效液相色谱法测定烧伤Ⅱ号酊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的　建立反相高效液相色谱法测定烧伤Ⅱ号酊中盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法　固定相 :RP C18柱 ,流动相 :乙腈 醋酸乙酯 甲醇 0 .0 5mol·ml-1KH2 PO4溶液 (35∶10∶10∶6 5 ,加 1%三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH至 3.5 ) ,检测波长 :2 70nm。结果　盐酸小檗碱在0 .0 3～ 0 .10mg·ml-1浓度范围内 ,线性关系良好 ,r =0 .9996。日内及日间RSD分别为 1.5 5 %、2 .86 % (n =12 )和 1.78%、2 .6 5 % (n =4 ) ,加样回收率为 99.89% (RSD =1.18% )。结论　本法结果准确 ,灵敏度高 ,重现性好 ,可用于烧伤Ⅱ号酊剂中盐酸小檗碱的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定戊己丸中吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定戊己丸中吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱含量的方法。方法　采用高效液相色谱法。IntersilC18分析色谱柱 (4.6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,粒径 5 μm) ,流动相 :乙腈 - 10 %乙腈 (5 0 :5 0 ) ,流速 :1ml/min ,检测波长 :2 2 5nm。 结果　吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的理论板数分别为 2 6 81和 2 0 6 7。吴茱萸碱回归方程 :Y =0 .0 76 4 6 +0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 196 5X ,r=0 .9999) ,线性范围 10 .2～ 5 1.0 μg·ml-1;吴茱萸次碱回归方程 :Y =- 0 .2 199+0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 36 5 8X ,r =0 .9999) ,线性范围 10 .0～ 5 0 .0 μg·ml-1。吴茱萸碱平均回收率为 97.3% ,RSD 3.2 % ,吴茱萸次碱平均回收率为 10 1.4 % ,RSD 3.9%。吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱最低检出浓度分别为 0 .0 5和 0 .1μg·ml-1。结论　方法简便 ,结果准确。     

双波长薄层扫描法测定产后康口服液中盐酸水苏碱的含量

目的　建立产后康口服液中盐酸水苏碱含量测定的方法。方法　选用的展开剂为丙酮-无水乙醇-盐酸(10∶10∶1) ;测定波长:λS=5 10nm ,λR=70 0nm ;用双波长薄层反射锯齿扫描;狭缝:0 .4mm×0 .4mm ;线性参数:SX =7,灵敏度:X1;扫描速度:12mm/min。结果　盐酸水苏碱回归方程为:A =96 6 6 .0 6 +112 4 95 .3C ,r =0 .9992 ,平均回收率为98.3% ,RSD为1.2 0 %(n =6 ) ;在1.0～5 .0 μg范围内线性关系良好。结论　本法操作简易、准确、重复性好。     

二阶导数紫外分光光度法测定粉防己碱凝胶的含量

目的　建立粉防己碱外用凝胶制剂中粉防己碱的含量测定方法。方法　采用二阶导数紫外分光光度法 ,以 2 87nm波长处半振幅 (H)测定制剂中粉防己碱的含量。结果　粉防己碱在 10～ 5 0 μg·ml-1范围内 2 87波长处半振幅 (H)值呈良好线性关系 (r=0 .999) ,平均回收率 10 0 .0 5 % ,RSD 为 0 .132 %。结论　本法简单、准确、灵敏 ,能够排除凝胶辅料的干扰 ,可作为外用凝胶制剂质量控制方法     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸美西律片的含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定盐酸美西律片含量的方法。方法　YWG -C18色谱柱 ,以甲醇 - 0 .0 5 %冰醋酸 (6 0∶4 0 ,v/v)为流动相 ,流速为 0 .3ml/min ,检测波长 2 6 1nm。峰面积外标法。结果　盐酸美西律在 0 .3～ 0 .7mg·ml-1浓度范围内线性良好 (r =0 .9993) ,平均回收率为 97.5 2 % (n =5 ) ,RSD为 0 .89%。结论　本法简便 ,快速 ,准确 ,适合盐酸美西律的含量测定。     

分光光度法测定阿奇霉素注射液的含量

目的　建立分光光度法测定阿奇霉素注射液的含量。方法　精取阿奇霉素注射液适量 ,加 0 .1mol·L-1盐酸溶解并稀释至一定浓度 ,加入 85 %硫酸 ,涡旋混合 ,静置显色 ;在 4 82nm波长处按拟定方法测定。结果　浓度在 2 0～ 70mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系 ,回归方程为 :A =0 .0 0 932 C+0 .0 2 18,r=0 .9999;平均回收率 10 1.33% (n=9) ,日内、日间精密度 RSD<1%。结论　本法准确、简便、快速 ,可用于阿奇霉素注射液的质量控制。     

分光光度法测定复方喷鼻剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的　测定复方喷鼻剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量。方法　采用分光光度法 ,测定波长为 5 6 9nm。结果　酸麻黄碱在 4 .13～ 4 1.2 6 μg·ml-1(r=0 .9997)范围内 ,吸收度值与浓度呈良好的线性关系 ,平均回收率为 99.5 7% ,RSD为 0 .38% (n=6 )。结论　方法简便易行、快速、准确 ,可作为测定该制剂盐酸麻黄碱含量的方法     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.