社区护士心肺复苏技能3种培训方法的效果比较

目的寻找对社区护士进行心肺复苏技能培训的最佳方法。方法选取参加培训的社区护士162名,随机分成3组,分别采用传统讲授练习、多媒体指导练习和自我指导练习方法培训;测试培训前、后的成人单人心肺复苏技能操作成绩,并比较3种方法培训前、后组内和组问的成绩。结果经3种方法培训后,社区护士的心肺复苏技能操作成绩均有显著提高,其中多媒体指导练习方法培训效果最好。结论社区护士有必要接受统一的心肺复苏培训;就该组研究对象而言,以多媒体指导练习方法培训效果最好,但在实际工作中可根据具体情况选择多种培训方式,以达到最佳培训效果。     

浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能的现况调查

[目的]了解浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能现状,为社区护士心肺复苏技能培训提供依据。[方法]采用复旦大学出版社的《临床护理教程》中的心肺复苏术评价标准及模拟人对上海市浦东新区120名社区护士进行心肺复苏技能测评。[结果]浦东新区护士心肺复苏技能水平不高,得分51.16分±12.87分;及格率22.00%,优秀率、良好率均为0;不同医院护士得分具有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同背景护士心肺复苏技能得分无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能亟待提高,建议加大培训力度,完善急救培训网络。     

医联体内社区护士院内心肺复苏技能的调查研究

目的了解区域医联体内社区护士院内心肺复苏技能的现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法调查区域医联体内6家社区医院104名在职护士的院内心肺复苏急救技能。结果医联体内社区护士心肺复苏技术考核成绩为（75．6±11．3）分,低于医联体主体单位的护理操作技能得分,其中正确率最低排名前三位的分别为：呼吸球囊安全性能检查手法与项目（8．7％,10．6％）、面罩CE手法（15．4％）。多元回归分析发现社区护士的学历、护龄以及是否参加过相关培训是医联体内社区护士院内心肺复苏技能得分的影响因素。结论区域医联体内社区护士院内心肺复苏技能有待提高,医联体主体单位应充分整合资源,加强区域内社区护理人员的急救技能培训,以确保基层医疗安全。     

培训警务人员心肺复苏技能的方法及意义

目的探讨对警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的方法和意义。方法采用问卷调查与培训相结合的方式,对不同警种的91名警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能的调查培训。结果培训前91名警务人员普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能;通过培训,理论考核合格率从培训前的13.19%上升到94.51%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),心肺复苏操作考核合格率达100%。结论医院培训是提高警务人员心肺复苏知识与技能的一种有效方法;拓展了护理工作的服务领域,为护士走进社区普及急救知识和技能奠定了基础。     

对社区居民心肺复苏培训的效果评价

目的 探讨对社区居民进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果.方法 采用理论加模型相结合的方法 对60名社区居民进行心肺复苏理论知识和技能的培训,利用改良版生命ABC问卷对培训前后60名社区居民的心肺复苏知识掌握情况的效果进行评价.结果 培训前社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能,通过培训后,除4个条目外,其他条目的 掌握情况较培训前比较均有显著提高.结论 社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识,通过对其培训能有效地提高社区居民心肺复苏知识.     

社区护士心肺复苏培训后技能保持的研究

[目的]探讨社区护士心肺复苏(CPR)培训后技能保持情况及最优的复训时间。[方法]随机抽取浦东新区10所社区卫生服务中心109名护士,随机分为3组,分别采用图片讲授互动练习法、图片自我指导练习法及分步光碟指导练习法进行培训,在培训前、培训后立即、培训后3个月、培训后6个月、培训后12个月及培训后15个月对护士CPR技能进行跟踪考核,对各组各时间段成绩进行统计学分析。[结果]3种方法培训后社区护士CPR技能均明显提高(P<0.01),培训后3个月技能开始下降,随着时间推移CPR技能呈逐步下降趋势,技能保持较差。[结论]3种培训方法均有效,社区护士CPR技能随时间逐步下降,应建立社区护士CPR技能培训与复训的长效机制。     

对社区居民心肺复苏培训的效果评价

目的 探讨对社区居民进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果.方法 采用理论加模型相结合的方法 对60名社区居民进行心肺复苏理论知识和技能的培训,利用改良版生命ABC问卷对培训前后60名社区居民的心肺复苏知识掌握情况的效果进行评价.结果 培训前社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能,通过培训后,除4个条目外,其他条目的 掌握情况较培训前比较均有显著提高.结论 社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识,通过对其培训能有效地提高社区居民心肺复苏知识.     

深圳市龙华新区社区护士心肺复苏知识技能分析及对策

目的了解深圳市龙华新区社区护士心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)知识、技能掌握情况,为社区护士心肺复苏技能培训提供科学依据。方法采用闭卷理论考试对深圳市龙华新区248名社区护士进行理论考核,采用现场考核法进行CPR技能考核。结果248名社区护士CPR理论知识(83.83±9.32)分,合格率89.9%;操作技能(76.38±8.58)分,合格率72.2%;不同年龄、职称、学历、社区工作年限的社区护士CPR理论知识、操作技能得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同用工性质的社区护士的理论知识得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论龙华新区社区护士CPR理论知识掌握情况优于操作技能,建议加大培训力度,有针对性地对社区护士进行CPR技能培训。     

低年资护士心肺复苏技能培训方法的探讨

目的寻找低年资护士心肺复苏（cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR）技能培训的最佳方法。方法选取参加培训的低年资护士42名,随机分成2组,分别采用常规法培训（传统讲授练习）、新模式法培训（多媒体授课教学＋分项技术练习＋综合仿真模拟演练＋录像分析总结的综合方式指导培训）;测试培训前后的成人单人心肺复苏技能操作成绩,并比较2种方法培训前后的成绩。结果经2种方法培训后,低年资护士的心肺复苏技能操作成绩均有显著提高,其中新模式法培训效果最好。结论 2种方法对低年资护士进行CPR培训均有效,而新模式法培训为最佳培训方法。     

对某社区居民心肺复苏培训的效果评价

目的探讨对东莞大岭山镇社区居民进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果。方法采用理论加模型相结合的方法对100名东莞大岭山镇社区居民进行心肺复苏理论知识和技能的培训，利用改良版生命ABC问卷对培训前后心肺复苏知识进行测评。结果培训前大岭山镇社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能，通过培训后，除4个条目外，其他条目较培训前差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论大岭山镇社区居民普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识，通过对其培训能有效地提高其心肺复苏知识。     

Barriers to Family Care in Psychiatric Settings

PURPOSE: To identify barriers to family care in psychiatric settings and to describe family and provider perspectives about what constitutes effective family care. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative exploratory approach with focus groups. Seventy-eight people participated in 11 focus groups conducted with families, patients, and health professionals. FINDINGS: Families identified poor quality care, conflict with health professionals about treatment, and lack of a role for families in the treatment. African American families also identified isolation of their communities from the mental health care system. Adolescents emphasized their role as caregivers and their needs for support. Health professionals conveyed concerns about system-based barriers, professional practice-based barriers, and family-based barriers to care. Patients stated the need for their families to be better educated about mental illness. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of family care in psychiatric settings is a multifaceted problem. Current health policies do not show endorsement of a family care approach. Responses from families and health professionals indicated conflicting opinions about content of family care. Health professionals reported they often lacked training and resources to deal with complex family issues. Families believed that lengthy and intensive interventions were neither necessary nor desired to address their concerns. Family care can be improved by focusing on building rapport and communicating problems and concerns between families and health professionals.     

Caring for family members with Alzheimer's disease: perspectives from Chinese American caregivers

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of Chinese American caregivers who provide care for family members with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individual interviews were conducted with four family caregivers. Results revealed ethnocultural and structural barriers that Chinese family caregivers experienced, including stigmatization of AD in the Chinese community, a lack of knowledge about AD, a lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate AD services, nega tive interactions with health-care providers, and difficulty with English. This study vides cultural knowledge and insights nurses who care for AD clients and their fam ilies. Overcoming barriers and working with Chinese American families and their community are needed to improve access and dementia services for Chinese American patients and their families.     

数字密码教学法在心肺复苏规范化培训中的应用

目的：探讨数字密码教学法在心内科轮转护士心肺复苏规范化培训中的应用。方法：选择2016年1月-2018年12月于心内科轮转的78名护士作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各39名。对照组采取传统心肺复苏教学方法,观察组在此基础上采用数字密码教学法。评估并比较两组护士培训结束后的理论、操作考核成绩、操作失误情况及对培训的满意度。结果：培训后观察组护士的理论及操作考核成绩均优于对照组,总体操作失误率低于对照组,对培训的满意度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：数字密码教学法能有效降低轮转护士在实施心肺复苏时的失误率,提高轮转护士对心肺复苏这一技能的掌握。     

Psychological Factors Inhibit Family Members' Confidence to Initiate CPR

Introduction. A minority of bystanders will initiate cardiopulmonary (CPR) when a family member collapses in the home. This study sought to better understand the psychological barriers to family-initiated CPR andto determine whether sociodemographic variables are influential. Methods. Twelve hundred andeight people were contacted via telephone andasked about their experience with CPR experiences andattitudes toward initiating CPR on a family member. Results. Seventy-four percent of participants had learnt CPR and68 percent were confident to initiate CPR on a family member. Men, people who had learnt CPR, andpeople with more than 11 years of education were the most confident groups. People older than 65 were the group least likely to have learnt CPR andleast confident to initiate CPR. Participants confident to initiate CPR expressed concerns about fear of failing (37%) or indicated they had no concerns (30%). In contrast, those not confident were most concerned about performing CPR correctly (55%) and30% were afraid of failing. Conclusion CPR courses are not reaching those most likely to be called upon to use this skill. Moreover, even among those with CPR training, the desire to “get it right” andfear of failing impair confidence. Psychological barriers to performing CPR should be addressed in training courses, particularly for those groups with the least confidence, such as older people.     

Clinical teaching by community nurses in the Australian context

A study was conducted to explore factors that impact on the clinical teaching role of community nurses involved in the education of pre-registration nursing students. Respondents were community nurses working in the Western Sydney Area Health Service in New South Wales, Australia. A self-report questionnaire was developed to collect data. Results indicate that community nurses are interested in clinical teaching, that it is an important part of their role and that they perceive themselves to be effective clinical teachers, with the majority indicating motivation to continue developing their clinical teaching skills. Aspects of clinical teaching important to community nurses included facilitating the transition of education from theory to practice, sharing expertise, knowledge and skills and maintaining high standards of nursing practice. There was little support for the view that community nurses experienced difficulty in managing the dual teaching and practice role. Approximately a third of participants reported that being with a student on a one-to-one basis could be stressful. Strategies to assist community nurses in their clinical teaching role were identified.     

Family nursing: walking the talk

This article discusses a study exploring the lived experience of family nursing for novice registered nurses. There has been an increased emphasis on including family content in Canadian nursing education curricula. Literature on family nursing is ambiguous about differentiating family nursing at the generalist and specialist level, and acknowledges that there is a blurring of lines between the two. The study utilized a phenomenological approach to examine how nurses with 2 years or less in practice experience family nursing in a variety of settings. Following ethical approval, invitations were sent to all nurses employed in two health authorities, who met the study criteria. Five nurses were interviewed using a semistructured interview. Participants shared how they practice family nursing in the current nursing situation of shortages and constraints. This study adds to our understanding of what happens at a beginning level of family nursing, how nurses understand and experience caring for families in the everyday enactment of their professional role, and barriers and facilitators to including family in nursing care. The findings provide important information for nurse educators in grounding the teaching of family nursing in the real world of nurses.     

CPR training in households of patients with chest pain

The objectives of this study are to (1). quantify prior cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in households of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with or without chest pain or ischaemic heart disease (IHD); (2). evaluate the willingness of household members to undertake CPR training; and (3). identify potential barriers to the learning and provision of bystander CPR. A cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying patients presenting to the ED of a metropolitan teaching hospital over a 6-month period. Two in five households of patients presenting with chest pain or IHD had prior training in CPR. This was no higher than for households of patients presenting without chest pain or IHD. Just under two in three households of patients presenting with chest pain or IHD were willing to participate in future CPR classes. Potential barriers to learning CPR included lack of information on CPR classes, perceived lack of intellectual and/or physical capability to learn CPR and concern about causing anxiety in the person at risk of cardiac arrest. Potential barriers to CPR provision included an unknown cardiac arrest victim and fear of infection. The ED provides an opportunity for increasing family and community capacity for bystander intervention through referral to appropriate training.     

Independent community care gerontological nursing: becoming an entrepreneur

Few nurses have the experience of developing an independent practice. This ethnographic study explores the process and challenges of becoming an entrepreneur as described by nurses developing independent practices in community care gerontologic nursing. The process included developing a legal contract, marketing strategies, and reimbursement amounts and strategies. Major barriers to implementing this role identified by the nurses included ignorance and confusion by others about their role, financial issues related to an uncertain income, time management, and legal concerns especially around delegation. These were experienced and dedicated nurses who were also risk-takers and enjoyed the independence of practicing nursing because they believed it was meant to be practiced. Suggestions for research, education, and practice are included.