Foley加压水囊在上颌骨粉碎性骨折中的应用

目的:探讨Foley加压水囊在上颌骨粉碎性骨折手术中的应用,分析其临床优势.方法:对32例上颌骨粉碎性骨折患者采取口内前庭切口或半冠状切口,复位眶骨下缘、上颌骨额突、颧突,行微型钛板坚强内固定,并经下鼻道开口放入Foley加压水囊,利用水囊扩张、复位上颌窦前壁、内侧壁、眶底骨折.结果:32例患者采用Foley加压水囊治疗,总体治愈率达97％,术后反应轻,取出时痛苦少,出血少,术中成形效果好,面部肿胀时间短,愈合速度快.结论:上颌骨骨折手术中采用Foley加压水囊配合坚强内固定治疗,具有操作简单、经济实用、效果明显、适应证广等优点.     

内镜辅助下颧弓骨折切开复位内固定治疗的临床研究

目的探讨内镜辅助下行颧弓骨折复位内固定的相关技术及临床价值。方法选择18例患者,其中单侧颧弓骨折10例,单侧颧骨颧弓骨折8例,均在内镜辅助下经面部小切口暴露颧弓骨折断端,行断端解剖复位后,采用钛板在内镜辅助下进行颧弓骨折坚固内固定,恢复颧弓解剖形态。结果所有病例术后双侧颧部对称,无张口、咀嚼功能障碍及明显并发症发生。面部瘢痕隐蔽,无明显瘢痕畸形。术后CT检查显示颧弓颧骨基本解剖复位,钛板固定位置良好。结论 内镜辅助下经面部小切口行颧弓骨折复位内固定治疗,手术创伤小,骨折复位效果好,并发症少,可作为部分颧弓骨折病例治疗的选择术式。     

C臂机导向下颧弓骨折复位术

目的:为了使颧弓骨折复位术能在X线透视下进行,增加复位成功率及即刻评价复位效果,避免矫枉过正现象,拟将该手术在C臂机导向下进行,本文探索该方法的优缺点并评价其疗效。方法:自2003年以来,共对68例单纯颧弓骨折患者,局麻下经口内进路在C臂机导向下进行复位操作。所有患者术前拍颧弓切线位片或CT,明确颧弓骨折的类型,手术当天详细记录病史、张口度和颧面部畸形程度,术后评价即刻效果;3个月后复查,进行临床和影像学(颧弓切线位或CT)评价。结果:术后即刻影像学复查,67例患者复位优,1例患者复位失败,改为开放性手术。术后3个月随访,所有患者创口均Ⅰ期愈合;术后颧面部外形完全对称者占89.55%(60/67),基本对称者占10.45%(7/67);术前平均张口度(2.36±0.25)cm,术后平均张口度(3.7±0.32)cm;CT显示骨折段对位对线好。结论:C臂机导向直视下颧弓骨折复位术,能使骨折段复位更准确,但应选择好适应证和手术时机,并应做好术中X射线的防护。     

颞部发际内小切口明视下行颧弓骨折复位术27例分析

总结颞部发际内小切口明视下行颧弓骨折复位术的临床疗效。27例单纯颧弓骨折患者，采用颞部发际内小切口明视下行颧弓骨折复位，对术后面部外形、功能恢复以及手术并发症等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果显示颧弓骨折复位术后，开口度恢复正常，面部外形恢复满意，无手术并发症。认为应用颞部发际内小切口明视下行颧弓骨折复位方法简便，疗效可靠，值得在临床应用。     

3D打印术前设计和内镜辅助在颧骨颧弓骨折复位固定术中的应用

目的: 探讨3D打印术前设计和内镜技术应用于颧骨颧弓骨折复位固定手术的可行性及效果。方法: 选择4例B型颧骨颧弓骨折患者,均伴发颧弓骨折,面部凹陷明显伴开口受限。术前行CT扫描后将数据转化为STL格式,3D打印骨折模型和镜像模型,在模型上完成手术设计和钛板预弯制。手术采用耳屏前小切口和颧弓表面隧道手术入路,内镜辅助下完成颧弓骨折的复位及坚固内固定。结果: 所有患者术后面部恢复对称性,面部凹陷消失,开口度正常,面部瘢痕不明显,无感染和神经损伤等并发症。结论: 术前3D模型手术设计降低了内镜辅助下行颧弓骨折复位固定术的难度,提高了手术精准度,避免了头皮冠状切口,创伤小,美容效果好。     

充气式吸氧面罩外固定架治疗颧弓骨折的临床评价

目的:探讨一种经济实用的颧弓骨折固定方法,为手术治疗颧弓骨折提供一种稳定、持续的途径。方法:对2008年6月—2010年6月就诊、术中复位无法获得稳定拱形结构或患者拒绝头皮冠状切口的43例颧弓骨折病例,采用充气式吸氧面罩外固定架固定颧弓3~4周。外固定架拆除前拍摄影像学资料,比较患者手术前、后面形变化。结果:43例患者中,39例获得良好的面形与功能恢复,4例骨折复位欠佳,但无任何功能影响。结论:充气型吸氧面罩自制外固定架治疗颧弓骨折,手术操作简单,创伤小,费用低,可保持持续牵引力,对功能及颧面部外形恢复均能达到满意效果。     

经颞部小切口行老年患者颧弓骨折复位的临床体会（附50例临床分析）

目的：探讨颧弓骨折复位的最佳入路。方法：50例老年患者均采用经颞部小切口入路行颧弓骨折复位,并对50例患者的临床资料进行总结分析。结果：达解剖复位者48例,占96％;达功能复位者2例,占4％。结论：经颞部小切口入路创伤小,术后恢复快,面部不留瘢痕,是老年患者颧弓骨折理想的手术入路。     

经颞部小切口行老年患者颧弓骨折复位的临床体会（附50例临床分析）

目的：探讨颧弓骨折复位的最佳入路。方法：50例老年患者均采用经颞部小切口入路行颧弓骨折复位,并对50例患者的临床资料进行总结分析。结果：达解剖复位者48例,占96％;达功能复位者2例,占4％。结论：经颞部小切口入路创伤小,术后恢复快,面部不留瘢痕,是老年患者颧弓骨折理想的手术入路。     

自制外固定支架在颧骨、颧弓骨折中的应用

目的:探讨自制不锈钢外固定支架在颧骨、颧弓骨折治疗中的可行性及临床效果.方法:选择30例单侧颧骨、颧弓骨折患者,均有开口受限,开口度≤1cm,单侧面部塌陷.经上颌第一磨牙前庭沟远中向后作一长1.5cm切口,颧复合体骨折盲探法复位至开口度达3～4cm,面部基本对称后,用6～8号胸骨缝合针经皮穿刺人颧弓骨折处,结扎固定在自制支架的"M"形凹上,3周后拆除同定支架.结果:30例患者手术固定支架拆除后,X线显示骨折断端对位良好,开口度≥3cm,面部基本对称,咬合关系与受伤前一致.结论:针对单侧颧骨、颧弓骨折,用自制外支架固定复位效果肯定,是一种比较简单的手术方法,患者所受创伤小,支架稳定性好.     

局部小切口入路治疗颧眶区骨折32例报道

目的:探讨局部小切口入路治疗颧眶区骨折的手术方法和临床效果。方法:对32例颧眶区骨折患者,根据骨折位置及类型,选择睑缘下切口、眉弓外侧切口、颧弓上横切口、口内前庭沟切口、上颌窦入路或原伤口中的2种或2种以上的入路切口,相应局部小切口处暴露骨折线,复位后用微型钛板内固定,术后3~6个月评价治疗效果。结果:除1例出现眼睑轻度外翻畸形,2例发生暂时性面神经颞支功能障碍外,其余患者术后伤口均一期愈合,颜面部无明显瘢痕,眼球功能完全恢复,开口度明显改善,面部外形基本恢复正常高度和宽度,双侧颜面对称。结论:局部小切口手术入路治疗颧眶区骨折创伤小,能恢复面部外形和功能,术后并发症少。     

近中骨折端稳定的颧骨、颧弓骨折的简略复位固定技术

目的 颧骨、颧弓骨折通常需要冠状切口、下睑切口和口内切口进路,逐一进行裂开骨折段的复位固定。本文旨在探索一种简便而可靠的修复方法。方法 针对颧骨、颧弓骨折其内侧相邻的上颌骨结构稳定、颧骨的近中骨折端移位不明显的6例患者,采取半冠状切口,按顺序复位固定的方法,由后向前做颧弓骨折段的复位固定,核查眶外壁颧额缝和颧蝶缝的衔接无误,最后完成颧额缝处骨折的固定。不需做下眼睑、口内切口以及眶下缘颧上颌缝的固定和口内颧牙槽嵴的骨折固定。结果 本组6例病例均顺利完成骨折复位与固定。术后CT扫描显示各个骨折断端,包括上颌窦后外壁、眶外壁等,都获得精确的解剖复位和牢固固定。两侧面部宽度和颧骨突度基本对称,面形恢复满意。开、闭口功能正常。未发生颞下颌关节损伤、视力损害及面神经额支损伤。结论 应用近中骨折端稳定的颧骨骨折的简略复位固定技术,可恢复颧骨、颧弓的解剖位置。     

Modification of surgical technique in isolated zygomatic arch fracture repair: seven case studies

Closed reduction is applied in most cases of isolated zygomatic arch fracture. Open reduction and internal rigid fixation through a coronal incision have to be performed in other comminuted arch fractures. The authors introduced an endoscopic-assisted approach via a small preauricular incision to achieve reposition and osteosynthesis of isolated zygomatic arch fractures. The endoscopic-assisted surgical technique was performed in 7 patients with unilateral isolated zygomatic arch fractures. Endoscopically controlled management of the isolated zygomatic arch fracture was feasible in all 7 patients. The follow-up period was 1 year. All preauricular scar and facial lateral contour were aesthetically satisfactory. The endoscope-assisted approach via a small preauricular incision can achieve in situ reduction and fixation in zygomatic arch fracture and it should become an integral part of isolated zygomatic fracture repair, assuming the development of specialized training programs and improvements in endoscopes.     

三维定位面弓的设计及其在颧骨骨折复位中的应用

目的:设计研制三维定位面弓,并对其用于颧骨骨折的术前诊断、术中复位校准以及术后效果进行评价。方法:设计并制作可用于测量颧骨突度、面侧方宽度以及眼球突度的三维定位面弓,用于颧骨颧弓粉碎性骨折和陈旧性颧骨骨折共5例,评价其临床应用效果。结果:开发并研制出可用于测量颧骨前突度、面宽和眼球突度的三维定位面弓,通过对5例颧骨骨折患者的临床应用,效果满意。结论:三维定位面弓是颧骨不对称畸形的定量测量工具,可用于术前颧面部软组织畸形诊断、术中复位指导和校准,以及术后面部对称性评价,还可用于眼球突度的测量。     

头皮冠状切口不同位置切开骨膜对面神经的影响

目的:研究头皮冠状切口手术时,行表浅肌肉腱膜系统(superficial muscle aponeurotic system,SMAS)下分离,不同位置切开骨膜暴露骨折的位置,对面神经颞支、颧支损伤的影响。方法:对27例面中部骨折行头皮冠状切口患者分别采用,方法Ⅰ:沿SMAS下分离至眶上缘上2cm处和颧弓上1.5cm处,先在此切开骨膜和颞深筋膜浅层,分离暴露骨折;方法Ⅱ:沿SMAS下分离至眶上缘和颧弓处,然后再在眶上缘上2cm和颧弓上1.5cm切开直至暴露骨折;方法Ⅲ:同方法Ⅱ分离至眶上缘及颧弓处并直接切开骨膜,暴露骨折。术后7d、1个月、半年随访,对比三种方法的优劣。结果:方法Ⅱ和方法Ⅲ在术后出现不同程度面神经颞支、颧支受损症状,方法Ⅰ术后未出现面神经损伤症状。结论:头皮冠状切口行SMAS下分离至眶上缘上2cm处和颧弓上1.5cm处,切开暴露骨折,是一种临床安全可行的方法。     

数字化及3D打印联合内镜辅助技术治疗12例颧骨颧弓骨折效果评价

目的：探讨数字化及3D打印联合内镜辅助技术在颧骨颧弓骨折治疗中的应用效果。方法：选择2020年12月—2021年9月于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院行手术治疗的12例单侧颧骨颧弓骨折患者纳入研究。所有患者术前均行全头颅薄层CT检查,利用镜像反求原理对骨折部位进行模拟复位,并打印复位后的骨折模型,在模型上进行钛板预弯。术中在内镜辅助下采用前庭沟切口结合耳屏前切口对骨折断端进行解剖复位。术后所有患者均再次行全头颅薄层CT检查,将术后重建的三维模型数据与术前模拟复位的三维模型数据进行光谱融合色差对比分析,评价术后效果。结果：12例患者手术顺利,术后面部外形及功能恢复良好,无明显并发症,面部皮肤瘢痕隐蔽。术后CT与术前模拟设计光谱融合色差对比分析最大上偏差为2.998 7 mm,最大下偏差为-2.998 6 mm,平均上偏差为（0.243 0±0.025 0）mm,平均下偏差为（-0.310 0±0.180 0）mm。结论：数字化及3D打印联合内镜辅助技术在直视下对骨折部位进行解剖复位,有助于提高骨折复位的精准度,减少术中组织损伤、术后并发症的发生,术后瘢痕隐蔽,具有良好的美观效果。     

Modified Gillies approach for zygomatic arch fracture reduction in the setting of bicoronal exposure

Zygomatic arch fractures are common injuries, occurring in isolation in 5% of all patients with facial fractures and in 10% of patients with any fracture to the zygomaticomaxillary complex. Isolated noncomminuted depressed zygomatic arch fractures are easily treated with the minimally invasive Gillies approach, which most often provides long-term stability. However, zygomatic arch fractures often occur in conjunction with zygomaticomaxillary complex, Le Fort, calvarial, and naso-orbitoethmoid fractures. In situations requiring a bicoronal incision to address concomitant injuries, zygomatic arch fractures are frequently treated with wide dissection and rigid fixation. Using principles obtained from isolated arch fractures, we present for the first time to our knowledge the use of a modified Gillies approach to noncomminuted zygomatic arch fractures in a case requiring a bicoronal incision. With the deep temporal fascia exposed from the reflected bicoronal flap, a 1-cm horizontal incision is made within the deep temporal fascia allowing a Gillies elevator to easily reduce the arch fracture in a plane between the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia and the temporalis muscle. This technique exploits the advantages of the traditional Gillies approach, preserving fascial attachments, avoiding neurovascular injury, and obviating the need for rigid fixation. Moreover, this method saves time and money and decreases morbidity. Our modified Gillies approach to zygomatic arch fractures in the setting of a bicoronal incision can be applied to a wide range of cases because of the frequency with which arch fractures occur with concomitant craniomaxillofacial injuries requiring wide exposure.     

Stabilization of the Isolated Zygomatic Arch Fracture Using Foley’s Balloon Catheter

Zygomatic fractures are the most common facial fractures or second in frequency after the nasal fractures. The high incidence of zygomatic fractures probably relates to its prominent position in the facial skeleton hence it is frequently exposed to fractures. This case report presents an isolated zygomatic arch fracture that was been reduced by Gille’s temporal approach and stabilized using foley’s balloon catheter.     

改良耳颞手术切口在颧骨颧弓骨折联合手术中的应用

目的：在颧骨颧弓联合骨折手术中,探寻一种优于头皮冠状切口的手术进路。方法：改良耳颞手术切口,用于颧骨颧弓骨折开放复位病例35例,观察该手术进路的术区显露程度,术中出血情况,术区皮肤弹性及神经功能情况,了解患者对手术切口的满意度。结果：35例患者均可显露整个颧弓上部及眶外侧缘,满足颧骨颧弓联合手术的显露需要,术中出血少,手术切口均I期愈合,没有出现颞区麻木及面瘫症状,术后半年皮肤弹性良好者33例,达94.29%。患者对切口的满意度100%。结论：改良耳颞手术切口优于头皮冠状切口的手术进路。     

A study on coronal incision for treating zygomatic complex fractures

Objective  To study the value of coronal incisions for treating zygomatic complex fractures and evaluate the advantages, indications and complications associated with it. Method  In this prospective study, 12 patients were randomly selected regardless of age, sex requiring open reduction and internal fixation of communited zygomatic complex fractures with or without other associated fractures of the midface. Patients were all treated by coronal approach for open reduction and internal fixation of fracture of the zygomatic complex. Other local incisions were used if required. Results  In all cases postoperative complications were relatively minor except in one case were the temporal branch of facial nerve weakness persisted at 3 months. Whereas 5 cases reported with slight weakness of the temporal branch of the facial nerve which resolved at the end of 3 months. The time taken for exposure of the fracture site via the coronal incision had a mean of 28.7 minutes. There were no cases of flap infection and just 1 case of stitch abscess reported. The same case later reported with a hypertrophic scar formation of greater than 0.5cm at 3months. In all other cases scar formation was negligible and well hidden within the hairline. There were no reported cases of paraesthesia at the operated site or hollowing of the temporal fossa. Conclusion  The coronal incision provides excellent access to the zygomatic arch and zygomatic complex, aiding in good anatomical reduction and also has the added advantage of the scar hidden in the hairline. It also has disadvantages like long operating time, risk of facial nerve injury, scarring in patients with male pattern baldness, paraesthesia of operated site etc. Therefore the incision should be judiciously used and not overused and indications strictly applied.