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1.
Chuncheng Liu Ye Zhang Stephen W Pan Dan Wu Bolin Cao Rong Fu Chongyi Wei Joseph D Tucker Weiming Tang 《Lancet》2017
Background
HIV-related stigma has been positively associated with low health-care utilisation and risky sexual behaviours in people living with HIV. However, the relationship between HIV-related stigma and the use of new technologies such as gay mobile applications and HIV self-testing is still not clear. We aimed to examine factors associated with HIV-anticipated stigma among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender individuals in China.Methods
During July 28–31, 2016, MSM and transgender individuals aged 16 years or older who self-reported as HIV negative were recruited for an online cross-sectional survey on China's biggest MSM mobile application BlueD. Information regarding sociodemographics, sexual behaviours, sexual health service use, and anticipated HIV stigma (measured by a seven-item Likert scale, ranging from one to four) were collected. The mean values of the seven items were calculated to create an overall score, with a higher score indicating a higher level of anticipated HIV stigma. Univariate and multivariable linear regressions were conducted to examine the factors associated with anticipated HIV stigma, while age, education, income, sexual orientation, and marital status were adjusted in the multivariable models.Findings
2006 participants were recruited; most were MSM (1904 of 2006, 95%). The mean score for anticipated HIV stigma was 2·98 (SD 0·64). Having used social media platforms to seek sexual partners within in the past 3 months (adjusted β 0·11, 95% CI 0·05–0·17) was associated with increased anticipated HIV stigma, whereas having self-tested for HIV (adjusted β ?0·07, 95% CI ?0·13 to ?0·01), and having disclosed one's sexuality to one's health-care provider (adjusted β ?0·16, 95% CI ?0·22 to ?0·96) were associated with decreased anticipated HIV stigma.Interpretation
Campaigns to combat HIV-related stigma are needed on gay mobile applications. Promotion of HIV self-testing and disclosure might be an effective method to reduce HIV-related stigma among MSM and transgender individuals in China.Funding
National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID] 1R01AI114310; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences [UL1TR001111]), University of North Carolina–South China STD Research Training Centre (Fogarty International Centre 1D43TW009532), University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (NIAID 5P30AI050410), University of California San Francisco Center for AIDS Research (NIAID P30 AI027763), and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the MeSH Consortium (BMGF-OPP1120138). 相似文献2.
Mary Margaret Huizinga Lisa A. Cooper Sara N. Bleich Jeanne M. Clark Mary Catherine Beach 《Journal of general internal medicine》2009,24(11):1236-1239
INTRODUCTION
Obesity stigma is common in our society, and a general stigma towards obesity has also been documented in physicians. We hypothesized that physician respect for patients would be lower in patients with higher body mass index (BMI). 相似文献3.
Adeilton Cleison Borges Daltro Carla Santos Almeida Adriana Graça Costa Unfried Talita Rocha de Aquino Ana Gabriela Álvares Travassos 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2023,28(3):162-174
Objective
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection remains a major public health challenge. Infected young people at any age are less likely to adhere to care in a timely manner and to maintain a suppressed VL. This review aims to identify factors associated with virologic failure and adherence to drug therapy in adolescents and young adults (10–24 years) living with HIV.Methods
Systematic review using the PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases and including articles published between 2009 and 2021. Data were analysed in six categories: individual factors, pharmacological/therapy-related aspects, factors related to HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection, HIV/AIDS stigma, social support and health system/services. The study's protocol was registered on the PROSPERO platform (CRD42020167581).Results
A total of 19,819 articles were found in the initial search and 31 studies were included in this systematic review. Most studies were carried out on the African continent. Male sex, alcohol use, low education, adverse effects of medication, lack of social support, stigma related to HIV/AIDS, need for transportation to access the health service and forgetfulness were linked to poor adherence to therapy. Good adherence was achieved with sufficient nutrition, good social support, greater confidence in the use of therapy and fewer ART side effects. Low levels of CD4, alcohol use, substance abuse, low education, non-adherence to medication and forgetfulness were linked to virological failure.Conclusion
Individual, social and structural factors constitute barriers to adherence to ART among adolescent and young adults. It is necessary to know the difficulties related to the use of therapy to work out specific strategies that create conditions to improve medication adherence and viral suppression, reducing the levels of virological failure in this population. 相似文献4.
Wolitski RJ Pals SL Kidder DP Courtenay-Quirk C Holtgrave DR 《AIDS and behavior》2009,13(6):1222-1232
HIV-related stigma negatively affects the lives of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA experience
myriad challenges and may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of HIV-related stigma. Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA
from 3 U.S. cities (N = 637) completed computer-assisted interviews that measured demographics, self-assessed physical and mental health, medical
utilization, adherence, HIV disclosure, and risk behaviors. Internal and perceived external HIV stigma were assessed and combined
for a total stigma score. Higher levels of stigma were experienced by women, homeless participants, those with a high school
education or less, and those more recently diagnosed with HIV. Stigma was strongly associated with poorer self-assessed physical
and mental health, and perceived external stigma was associated with recent non-adherence to HIV treatment. Perceived external
stigma was associated with decreased HIV disclosure to social network members, and internal stigma was associated with drug
use and non-disclosure to sex partners. Interventions are needed to reduce HIV-related stigma and its effects on the health
of homeless/unstably housed PLWHA. 相似文献
5.
Jeffrey V. Lazarus David A. Wohl Mario Cascio Giovanni Guaraldi Jürgen Rockstroh Matthew Hodson Bruce Richman Gina Brown Jane Anderson Maria J. Fuster-RuizdeApodaca 《HIV medicine》2023,24(Z2):8-19
Objectives
In recent decades, the needs of people living with HIV have evolved as life expectancy has greatly improved. Now, a new definition of long-term success (LTS) is necessary to help address the multifaceted needs of all people living with HIV.Methods
We conducted a two-phase research programme to delineate the range of experiences of people living with HIV. The insights garnered from these research phases were explored in a series of expert-led workshops, which led to the development and refinement of the LTS framework.Results
The insights generated from the research phases identified a series of themes that form a part of LTS. These themes were subsequently incorporated into the LTS framework, which includes five outcome pillars: sustained undetectable viral load, minimal impact of treatment and clinical monitoring, optimized health-related quality of life, lifelong integration of healthcare, and freedom from stigma and discrimination. A series of supporting statements were also developed by the expert panel to help in the achievement of each of the LTS pillars.Conclusions
The LTS framework offers a comprehensive and person-centric approach that, if achieved, could help improve the long-term well-being of people living with HIV and support the LTS vision of ‘every person living with HIV being able to live their best life’. 相似文献6.
Valerie Vaughn-Sandler Carey Sherman Andrew Aronsohn Michael L. Volk 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2014,59(3):681-686
Background
Among patients with diseases such as HIV, cancer and mental illness, perceived stigma is common and is linked to quality of life (QOL), depression and healthcare-seeking behavior.Aims
We aimed to determine the prevalence and consequences of stigma in patients with cirrhosis.Methods
A survey was developed and mailed to 300 patients with cirrhosis from a variety of etiologies. Among the 149 respondents, stigma was measured using a composite of previously validated scales. Correlates of stigma were measured using an a priori theoretical construct in order to investigate hypothesized consequences such as impaired social support, depression and reduction in healthcare-seeking behavior.Results
Eighty-nine percent of respondents chose “agree” or “strongly agree” for at least one of the 18 stigma-related questions, indicating they felt stigmatized in at least one aspect of their lives. Patient factors associated with more perceived stigma on multivariable linear regression included younger age (p = 0.008), and hepatitis C (p = 0.001) or alcohol (p = 0.01) as the etiology of liver disease. Patients with higher levels of perceived stigma had less social support (r 2 = 0.898, p < 0.001), were less likely to seek medical care (r 2 = 0.108, p < 0.001), suffered from more depression (r 2 = 0.17 p < 0.001) and had worse QOL (r 2 = 0.175, p < 0.001).Conclusions
Perceived stigma is common among patients with cirrhosis, and is associated with adverse attitudes and behaviors such as decreased healthcare-seeking behavior. Healthcare providers need to be aware of these perceptions and their potential impact on patients’ interaction with the medical system. 相似文献7.
Christa?Kasang Albrecht?Ulmer Norbert?Donhauser Barbara?Schmidt August?Stich Hartwig?Klinker Samuel?Kalluvya Eleni?Koutsilieri Axel?Rethwilm Carsten?Scheller
Background
HIV-associated general immune activation is a strong predictor for HIV disease progression, suggesting that chronic immune activation may drive HIV pathogenesis. Consequently, immunomodulating agents may decelerate HIV disease progression. 相似文献8.
This cross-sectional study examined physical, psychological, and social factors associated with quality of life (QOL) among
a sample of 399 rural women with HIV disease living in the Southeastern United States. Of the socio-demographic variables,
age (p = .003), race (p < .0001), and time of HIV diagnosis (p = .03) were significantly associated with QOL. In bi-variate analysis, HIV symptoms (frequency and extent symptoms were bothersome),
perceived stigma, internalized stigma, and depression were significantly and negatively associated with QOL whereas social
support, problem-focused coping, perceived situational control, and healthy lifestyles were significantly and positively associated
with QOL (all p < .0001). In adjusted analysis, HIV symptom frequency, depression, problem-focused coping, perceived situational control,
perceived stigma, healthy lifestyles, and race remained significant predictors of QOL and explained 55% of the variance in
QOL among the study participants (model F
7, 390 = 66.7; p < .0001). The study findings identify potential points of interventions to improve QOL among rural women with HIV disease. 相似文献
9.
10.
Stanley MF Luchters Davy Vanden Broeck Matthew F Chersich Annalene Nel Wim Delva Kishor Mandaliya Christophe E Depuydt Patricia Claeys John-Paul Bogers Marleen Temmerman 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):18
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV are each responsible for a considerable burden of disease. Interactions between these infections pose substantial public health challenges, especially where HIV prevalence is high and HPV vaccine coverage low. 相似文献11.
Provider and Practice Characteristics Associated with Use of Rapid HIV Testing by General Internists
Bass MG Korthuis PT Cofrancesco J Berkenblit GV Sullivan LE Asch SM Bashook PG Edison M Sosman JM Cook RL 《Journal of general internal medicine》2011,26(11):1258-1264
BACKGROUND
Rapid HIV testing could increase routine HIV testing. Most previous studies of rapid testing were conducted in acute care settings, and few described the primary care providers’ perspective. 相似文献12.
Janet M. Turan Elizabeth A. Bukusi Maricianah Onono William L. Holzemer Suellen Miller Craig R. Cohen 《AIDS and behavior》2011,15(6):1111-1120
HIV/AIDS stigma is a common thread in the narratives of pregnant women affected by HIV/AIDS globally and may be associated
with refusal of HIV testing. We conducted a cross-sectional study of women attending antenatal clinics in Kenya (N = 1525). Women completed an interview with measures of HIV/AIDS stigma and subsequently information on their acceptance of
HIV testing was obtained from medical records. Associations of stigma measures with HIV testing refusal were examined using
multivariate logistic regression. Rates of anticipated HIV/AIDS stigma were high—32% anticipated break-up of their relationship,
and 45% anticipated losing their friends. Women who anticipated male partner stigma were more than twice as likely to refuse
HIV testing, after adjusting for other individual-level predictors (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.15–3.85). This study demonstrated
quantitatively that anticipations of HIV/AIDS stigma can be barriers to acceptance of HIV testing by pregnant women and highlights
the need to develop interventions that address pregnant women’s fears of HIV/AIDS stigma and violence from male partners. 相似文献
13.
Background
The importance of depression as a complication of HIV infection is increasingly understood, and people living in rural areas are at increased risk for depression. However, it is not known whether living in rural areas amplifies the risk of depression in patients with HIV. 相似文献14.
Merle Henderson Nuala Pepper Manraj Bawa David Muir Alex Everitt Nicola E. Mackie Alan Winston 《HIV medicine》2023,24(7):838-844
Objective
Our objectives were to investigate the recent frequency of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV RNA escape and other CSF viral nucleic acid detection in people with HIV with neurological symptoms and to assess associated clinical factors.Method
This was a retrospective cohort analysis of people with HIV who underwent CSF examination for clinical indications between 2017 and 2022. Individuals were identified from pathology records, and clinical data were recorded. CSF HIV RNA escape was defined as CSF HIV RNA concentrations greater than in plasma. CSF viral screen included herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and JC virus. When cases were detected in five or more people with HIV, associated clinical factors were assessed using linear regression modelling.Results
CSF HIV RNA escape was observed in 19 of 114 individuals (17%) and was associated with the presence of HIV drug resistance mutations and non-integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy (p < 0.05 for all) when compared to people with HIV without escape. Positive viral nucleic acid testing included EBV (n = 10), VZV (3), CMV (2), HHV-6 (2) and JC virus (4). Detectable CSF EBV was not considered related to neurological symptoms and was associated with concomitant CSF infections in eight of ten individuals and with CSF pleocytosis, previous AIDS, lower nadir and current CD4 T-cell count (p < 0.05 for all).Conclusion
In people with HIV with neurological symptoms, the frequency of CSF HIV RNA escape remains similar to that in historical reports. Detectable EBV viral nucleic acid in the CSF was observed frequently and, in the absence of clinical manifestations, may be a consequence of CSF pleocytosis. 相似文献15.
Sexualized drug use (‘chemsex’) and high‐risk sexual behaviours in HIV‐positive men who have sex with men 下载免费PDF全文
EL Pufall M Kall M Shahmanesh A Nardone R Gilson V Delpech H Ward The Positive Voices study group 《HIV medicine》2018,19(4):261-270
Objectives
The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV infection remains high in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in the UK, and sexualized drug use (“chemsex”) and injecting drug use (“slamsex”) may play a part in this. We aimed to characterize HIV‐positive MSM engaging in chemsex/slamsex and to assess the associations with self‐reported STI diagnoses and sexual behaviours.Methods
Data from a 2014 survey of people attending HIV clinics in England and Wales were linked to clinical data from national HIV surveillance records and weighted to be nationally representative. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the associations of chemsex and slamsex with self‐reported unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), serodiscordant UAI (sdUAI) (i.e. UAI with an HIV‐negative or unknown HIV status partner), sdUAI with a detectable viral load (>50 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL), hepatitis C, and bacterial STIs.Results
In the previous year, 29.5% of 392 sexually active participants engaged in chemsex, and 10.1% in slamsex. Chemsex was significantly associated with increased odds of UAI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 5.73; P < 0.001], sdUAI (AOR 2.34; P < 0.05), sdUAI with a detectable viral load (AOR 3.86; P < 0.01), hepatitis C (AOR 6.58; P < 0.01), and bacterial STI diagnosis (AOR 2.65; P < 0.01). Slamsex was associated with increased odds of UAI (AOR 6.11; P < 0.05), hepatitis C (AOR 9.39; P < 0.001), and bacterial STI diagnosis (AOR 6.11; P < 0.001).Conclusions
Three in ten sexually active HIV‐positive MSM engaged in chemsex in the past year, which was positively associated with self‐reported depression/anxiety, smoking, nonsexual drug use, risky sexual behaviours, STIs, and hepatitis C. Chemsex may therefore play a role in the ongoing HIV and STI epidemics in the UK. 相似文献16.
Rashmi Kumar P. Todd Korthuis Somnath Saha Geetanjali Chander Victoria Sharp Jonathon Cohn Richard Moore Mary Catherine Beach 《Journal of general internal medicine》2010,25(6):517-523
BACKGROUND
A preference for shared decision-making among patients with HIV has been associated with better health outcomes. One possible explanation for this association is that patients who prefer a more active role in decision-making are more engaged in the communication process during encounters with their providers. Little is known, however, about patient and provider characteristics or communication behaviors associated with patient decision-making preferences in HIV settings. 相似文献17.
Santo Dellegrottaglie Ana García-Alvarez Pasquale Guarini Pasquale Perrone-Filardi Valentin Fuster Javier Sanz 《Heart & lung : the journal of critical care》2014
Objectives
To evaluate the occurrence of ventricular systolic dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Background
Patients with HIV-related PAH may develop ventricular systolic dysfunction both as a consequence of PAH progression or of the myocardial involvement from the HIV infection itself.Methods
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was applied to measure ejection fraction for the left ventricle and the right ventricle in patients with HIV-related PAH (n = 27) and in patients with PAH from other aetiologies (n = 115).Results
In HIV-related PAH, ejection fraction values were lower and a higher proportion of patients presented with an advanced stage of ventricular dysfunction (55% vs. 25%; p = 0.009). In a multivariate model, PAH related to HIV infection remained independently associated with advanced ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.011).Conclusions
Patients with HIV-related PAH have more prevalent and severe ventricular systolic dysfunction compared to patients with PAH from other aetiologies. 相似文献18.
van Lettow M Harries AD Kumwenda JJ Zijlstra EE Clark TD Taha TE Semba RD 《BMC infectious diseases》2004,4(1):61
Background
Wasting and micronutrient malnutrition have not been well characterized in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. We hypothesized that micronutrient malnutrition is associated with wasting and higher plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. 相似文献19.
Beatrice Amadi Mwiya Mwiya Sandie Sianongo Lara Payne Angela Watuka Max Katubulushi Paul Kelly 《BMC infectious diseases》2009,9(1):195
Background
Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected children has proved difficult and unsatisfactory with no drugs having demonstrable efficacy in controlled trials except nitazoxanide. We hypothesised that a prolonged course of treatment with high dose nitazoxanide would be effective in treating cryptosporidiosis in HIV positive Zambian children. 相似文献20.