Myocardial hypertrophy and coronary insufficiency as a cause of arrhythmia in patients with hypertension]

AIM: To elucidate contribution of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) vs myocardial ischemia to rhythmic disorders in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and LVH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Echocardiography, coronarography, treadmill test, 24-h ECG monitoring were included in examination of 69, 69, 68 and 63 patients, respectively. All of them had EH stage II and LVH. The comparison was made between the groups composed by LVH degree and by the presence or absence of coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA). RESULTS: Subjective arrhythmia was recorded in 27% of the examinees, while objective one was registered by 24-h monitoring and treadmill test in 85.7 and 42.6% of the patients, respectively. Ventricular arrhythmia in EH stage II patients with LVH is associated for the most part with coronary insufficiency, often in the presence of atherosclerosis of the coronary artery. High-grade ventricular extrasystoles by B. Lown and M. Wolf and LVH degree were related. CONCLUSION: An essential role in the onset of supraventricular arrhythmia (SVA) in EH stage 2 patients with LVH belongs to the size of the left atrium and LVH degree. SVA is related to left ventricular myocardial ischemia.     

Long-term ambulatory follow-up of hypertension patients with low renin activity in blood

AIM: To characterize a clinical course of arterial hypertension in patients with low activity of blood renin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 44 hypertensive patients with low activity of blood renin participated in the trial. They were divided into three groups consisting of 18, 14 and 12 patients (group 1, 2 and 3 with adrenal adenoma, adrenal hyperplasia and hypertension, respectively). RESULTS: Baseline hypertension was higher in group 1. The clinical picture did not differ much between the groups. Long-term follow-up has revealed that mean arterial pressure tended to lowering in groups 1 and 2 while in group 3 it tended to rise. Incidence of arrhythmia increased thrice though myasthenia became less frequent. CONCLUSION: Group 1 patients had a more severe clinical course of hypertension with high lethality and many associated diseases. To achieve a clinical effect, they had to take higher doses of antihypertensive drugs.     

高血压合并冠心病患者血压变异性及动态血压的变化

[目的]分析高血压合并冠心痛患者的血压变异性与动态血压变化特点.[方法]选取2014年6月至2015年6月本院收治的160例高血压患者的临床资料.根据冠脉造影(CGA)结果或冠脉CT成像(CTA)诊断结果将其分为冠心病合并高血压组(n=80,观察组),单纯性高血压组(n=80,对照组),对两组患者动态血压和血压变异性指标进行分析比较.[结果]观察组患者日间平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24h平均收缩压、日间平均脉压、夜间平均脉压、24h平均脉压、日间平均收缩压标准差、夜间平均收缩压标准差、24h平均收缩压标准差均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);观察组与对照组患者在日间平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、24h平均舒张压、日间平均舒张压标准差、夜间平均舒张压标准差、24h平均舒张压标准差方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).[结论]高血压合并冠心病患者其动态血压波动比较大,且血压变异性相对增大,加强其血压动态血压与血压变异性监测对冠心病合并高血压的临床诊治有着一定的作用.     

冠心病合并高血压的老年患者血压控制中J形曲线分析

目的分析冠心病合并高血压的老年患者血压控制中J形曲线。方法选择老年冠心病合并高血压的患者共315例,按患者不同的收缩压控制水平,将患者分为5组:A组51例,收缩压120 mm Hg;B组68例,收缩压120~129 mm Hg;C组75例,收缩压130~139 mm Hg;D组62例,收缩压140~149 mm Hg;E组58例,收缩压控制≥150 mmHg。随访各组心脑血管事件发生情况,并比较。结果随访期间共发现心脑血管事件150起。在调整了年龄、BMI、舒张压之后,发现在140 mm Hg以上时,心脑血管事件发生率明显较高;收缩压控制在120~130 mm Hg时,发生心脑血管意外的风险最小,而当收缩压控制在收缩压120 mm Hg时,心脑血管事件发生率反而有所升高。结论老年冠心病合并高血压的患者降压控制中存在J形曲线现象,应合理控制血压。     

椎基底动脉供血不足患者的血管异常分析

背景:椎基底动脉供血不足的血管结构异常有助于对病因的认知和理解,对血管结构异常的分型可以使诊断规范化、系统化。目的:探讨椎基底动脉供血不足患者血管异常的影像学特点、分型及临床意义。设计:以诊断为依据的非对照研究。地点和对象:1999-01/2002-12青岛市市立医院门诊及病房椎基底动脉缺血患者33例,男23例,女10例。干预:椎基底动脉供血不足患者进行数字减影血管造影(DSA)或磁共振血管造影(MRA)检查,对发现的33例血管异常者进行系统分析,并将其尝试性地进行分型。主要观察指标:椎基底动脉系统血管结构异常分型。结果:将椎基底动脉结构异常分为锁骨下动脉型、椎动脉型、基底动脉型和大脑后动脉型4个类型,每型又分为2～5个亚型。椎动脉型是椎基底动脉供血不足患者血管结构异常的主要类型,占61%,其次为基底动脉型、锁骨下动脉型和大脑后动脉型。结论:椎动脉血管结构异常是最常见的导致椎基底动脉缺血的血管性病因。血管结构异常因其成因、年龄等因素影响表现出不同的病变类型。