腹腔镜下胃底Nissen折叠术式治疗的食管裂孔疝临床应用

目的探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的安全性和疗效评价。方法对38例食管裂孔疝患者使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术,做胃底360°折叠术(Nissen术),9例应用补片修补疝缺口,29例采用7号丝线缝合。结果38例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部获得成功。手术时间30～190min,平均手术时间110min,失血10～50ml;术后24～48h进流质饮食,无术后并发症;术后平均住院5.7d。结论腹腔镜下胃底Nissen折叠术式具有疗效好、安全和创伤小的优点。值得进一步推广应用。     

腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术并发症的预防

目的探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的疗效和安全性。减少手术并发症,随访腹腔镜治疗食道裂孔疝的效果。方法对280例食管裂孔疝患者使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术,其中132例做胃底270°部分折叠术（Toupet术）,148例做胃底360°折叠术（Nissen术）。36例应用补片修补疝缺口,剩余患者采用直接缝合。结果 280例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部获得成功。手术时间30～190min,平均手术时间110min,失血10～50ml;术后24～48h进流质饮食,无术后并发症;术后平均住院5.7d。结论腹腔镜食道裂孔疝修补术具有疗效确定、安全和创伤小的优点。并发症率极低。     

食管裂孔疝的腹腔镜治疗

目的:探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的疗效和安全牲.方法:对62例食管裂孔疝患者行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术,其中46例做胃底270o部分折叠术(Toupet术),16例做胃底360o折叠术(Nissen术).21例应用补片修补疝缺口,41例采用7号丝线缝合.随访时间中位数18个月.结果:62例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部成功.手术时间110(30～190)min,失血10～50 mL;术后24～48 h进流质饮食,无术后并发症;术后平均住院5.7 d.结论:腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术具有疗效确定、安全和创伤小的优点,值得进一步推广应用.     

腹腔镜下Toupet胃底折叠术式治疗食管裂孔疝的临床应用

目的 探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的疗效和安全性.方法 对61例食管裂孔疝患者使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术,做胃底270°部分折叠术(Toupet术),19例应用补片修补疝缺口,42例采用直接线缝合.结果 61例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部获得成功.手术时间30～190 rain,平均手术时间110 min,失血10～50 mL;术后24～48 h进流质饮食,无术后并发症;术后平均住院5.7 d.结论 61例患者的反酸症状均在24 h内缓解,术后停用抗酸药物,修补术具有疗效确定、安全和创伤小的优点,值得进一步推广应用.     

腹腔镜在先天性食管裂孔疝修补术中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗小儿食管裂孔疝的安全性和疗效。方法2001年9月～2008年12月对7例小儿食管裂孔疝施行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术联合胃底折叠术（Nissen法）。1例因术前上消化道造影发现合并胃排空延迟,联合实施了腹腔镜幽门成形术。1例合并右腹股沟斜疝同时行腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术。1例术中发现合并副脾,未给予处理。结果7例患儿均在腹腔镜下完成食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术（Nissen法）,无中转开腹者。手术时间平均94.2min（75～150min）;术中出血量平均5ml（2～10ml）,无术中术后输血者。术后24～48h进奶或进食。术后住院3～7d,平均4.5d。7例患儿术后随访6～20个月,平均12.6月。1例术后第10天出现呕吐,给予食管扩张和胃动力药物治疗后好转;1例术后1年复发,再次行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补联合Nissen胃底折叠术治愈;其余5例术后恢复顺利,无并发症发生。结论腹腔镜治疗食管裂孔疝创伤小,安全性好,疗效确切,可以联合治疗其他疾病,应注意适应证的选择。     

腹腔镜手术治疗食管裂孔疝的42体会

目的探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的疗效和安全性。方法对42例食管裂孔疝患者行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术,其中32例行胃底360°折叠术(Nissen术),10例行胃底270°部分折叠术(Toupet术)。39例采用4号丝线缝合修补疝缺口,3例应用补片修补疝缺口。结果42例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部成功。手术时间平均(138±22)min,失血平均(62±16)ml;无术后并发症;术后平均住院(5.2±1.9)d。术后症状完全消失32例(76%),好转10例(24%)。结论腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术具有疗效确定、安全和创伤小的优点,值得进一步推广应用。     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病

目的探讨腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病的临床效果。方法2008年1月-2011年11月对40例胃食管反流病行腹腔镜胃底折叠术。腹腔镜单纯胃底折叠术7例（Toupt式）,腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补加胃底折叠术33例（Nissen式5例,Toupet式28例）。结果手术均获成功,无中转开腹及死亡病例,无术后严重并发症。手术时间75～215min,平均112min;术中出血量10-350ml,平均52ml;术后住院5—10d,平均7d。40例术后随访1—24个月,平均16个月,34例临床症状完全消失,6例症状明显好转。结论腹腔镜胃底折叠术治疗胃食管反流病疗效满意。     

腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术联合抗反流手术临床疗效研究（附835例报告）

目的 探讨腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术联合抗反流手术治疗胃食管反流病（GERD）合并食管裂孔疝的安全性和疗效。方法 回顾性分析2005年9月至2015年5月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的835例GERD合并食管裂孔疝病人的临床资料,均行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术+胃底折叠术。结果 835例均成功完成腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术+胃底折叠术,无一例中转开放手术。其中联合其他手术183例（21.9%）。手术时间55.3（40～90）min;术中出血量20.4（5～50）mL,无术中术后输血者。术后24～48 h全流质饮食。术后随访3个月至10年,平均37.5个月。56例（6.7%）病人术后出现并发症,其中吞咽困难28例,食管裂孔疝复发（折叠的胃底疝入胸腔）4例,症状复发18例,胃肠胀气综合征6例。结论 腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术+胃底折叠术安全有效、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少,并可联合手术治疗其他疾病,是GERD合并食管裂孔疝病人的理想选择。     

胃食管反流病的腹腔镜外科治疗

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗胃食管反流病的临床效果.方法:回顾性分析2008年1月—2011年9月对33例胃食管反流病患者行腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补和胃底折叠术的临床资料.腹腔镜单纯胃底折叠术5例(Toupet式),腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补加胃底折叠术25例(Nissen式3例,Toupet式22例),腹腔镜单纯食管裂孔疝修补术3例.结果:全组患者手术均获成功,手术时间90～185 min.术后平均住院6d.无中转开腹及死亡病例,无术后严重并发症.术后随访1～24个月,32例临床症状完全消失,1例明显好转.结论:对于胃食管反流性疾病,腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补和胃底折叠术是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法.     

腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术

目的探讨腹腔镜下应用补片(Bard CruraSoft PTFE/ePTFE Mesh)行食管裂孔疝修补和部分胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝的临床效果。方法2006年8月~2007年4月,对13例食管裂孔疝(Ⅰ型6例,Ⅲ型7例)腹腔镜下用超声刀进行食管裂孔疝游离、腔内缝合器行补片固定完成食管裂孔疝修补术并同期行部分胃底折叠术。结果13例手术全部获得成功,无中转开腹手术。手术时间115~185min,平均142min;术中出血量25~120ml,平均75ml。术后平均32h(26~37h)排气并开始进流质饮食。术后住院3~6d,平均4d。13例术后随访4~11个月,平均6.5月,术后1个月临床症状完全消失,13例手术后3个月行钡餐造影检查未见疝复发。结论腹腔镜下应用补片行食管裂孔疝修补和部分胃底折叠手术是一种安全有效的微创方法,具有临床推广的价值。     

Omission of the calibration bougie in laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia

Background

The use of an intraesophageal bougie has traditionally been an integral step in the repair of large hiatal hernia and fundoplication. Typically, the bougie is passed by the anesthesiologist or a member of the surgical team into the stomach to enable calibration of the hiatal repair and fundoplication. An inherent risk of esophagogastric perforation is associated with this maneuver. The authors report their experience comparing symptomatic outcomes for patients who have had a large hiatus hernia repaired with and without the use of a calibration bougie.

Methods

Data were collected prospectively for 28 consecutive patients undergoing elective laparoscopic repair of a paraesophageal hernia. A bougie was used in the first 14 patients. In the next 14 patients, the use of a bougie was omitted. Symptom and quality-of-life data were collected preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively for all the patients.

Results

All the patients were satisfied with their symptomatic outcome, as reflected in their postoperative quality-of-life scores. No patients required dilation for postoperative dysphagia. There was no difference in postoperative dysphagia scores between the two groups.

Conclusion

The current series of consecutively performed laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repairs showed no benefit in terms of symptomatic outcome associated with the use of an intraesophageal bougie. Currently, the authors’ standard practice is to perform laparoscopic repair of the paraesophageal hernia and fundoplication without the aid of a calibration bougie.     

Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair in patients with poor esophageal motility or paraesophageal herniation

Laparoscopic repair for gastroesophageal reflux disease is now an accepted therapy. However, controversy exists with regard to the choice of operation between complete 360-degree Nissen fundoplication versus partial 270-degree Toupe fundoplication. In addition there is some controversy with regard to the proper choice of operation in patients with poor esophageal motility. Another class of hiatal hernia patients are those patients with paraesophageal herniation. Questions regarding the approach to these patients include whether or not to use a reflux procedure at the time of repair and the role of mesh in repair of these large hernias. This retrospective study was undertaken to compare the results of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and Toupe fundoplication in patients with both normal and abnormal esophageal motility. In addition the subset of patients with paraesophageal herniation was studied in an effort to ascertain the best surgical approach in these patients. In this study a retrospective analysis was performed on 188 consecutive patients during the period 1995 to 2001. All patients who presented with hiatal hernia surgical problems during this period were included. Endoscopy was performed in all patients with esophageal reflux. Manometry was performed in all patients except those presenting as emergency incarcerations. pH probe testing was performed in those patients in whom it was deemed necessary to establish the diagnosis. Upper gastrointestinal radiographs were used to define anatomy in paraesophageal hernia patients when possible. All patients with esophageal reflux were first treated with a trial of medical therapy. Patients with esophageal reflux and normal esophageal motility underwent 360-degree Nissen fundoplication. Those patients with poor esophageal motility (less than 65 mm of mercury) underwent laparoscopic 270-degree Toupe fundoplication. Patients presenting with paraesophageal herniation underwent laparoscopic repair. When possible esophageal manometry was performed on these patients preoperatively and if normal peristalsis was documented a Nissen fundoplication was performed. If poor esophageal motility was documented before surgery a Toupe fundoplication was performed. Mesh reinforcement of the diaphragmatic hiatus was used if necessary to complete a repair without tension. Patients were followed both by their primary gastroenterologist and their surgeon. Follow-up studies including endoscopy, pH probe, and upper gastrointestinal series were used as necessary in the postoperative period to document any problems as they occurred. Of the 188 patients in the study 141 patients underwent Nissen fundoplication, 21 patients underwent Nissen fundoplication and repair of paraesophageal hernia, 15 underwent Toupe fundoplication, seven underwent Toupe and paraesophageal hernia repair, and four paraesophageal hernia repair alone. One hundred eighty-three patients underwent a laparoscopic operation. Five patients of the 188 underwent an initial open operation-two of these patients because of the size of their paraesophageal hernia. Three of these patients had reoperations of remote operations done years before at other institutions. Twenty-two patients with poor esophageal motility (11.7 %) were included in the study. Fifteen patients required Toupe fundoplication whereas seven patients required Toupe fundoplication and repair of paraesophageal hernias. Mesh repair of paraesophageal hernias was accomplished in ten patients. Patients undergoing Toupe fundoplication had a 13 per cent dysphagia rate less than 4 weeks postoperatively and a 0% dysphagia rate greater than four weeks postoperatively. Patients undergoing Nissen fundoplication had a 16 per cent dysphagia rate less than 4 weeks postoperatively, 2 per cent dysphagia rate greater than 4 weeks postoperatively and no dysphagia at 6 weeks postoperatively. Recurrent symptomatic reflux occurred in 1.4 per cent of Nissen fundoplications and 6.7 per cent of Toupe fundoplications. Of Nissen and paraesophageal repairs 14.2 per cent had reflux and 14.3 per cent of Toupe and paraesophageal repairs had recurrent symptomatic reflux. Overall, complication rate was low. Use of mesh to repair large paraesophageal hernias resulted in a recurrence rate of 0 per cent. There was no instance of infection or bowel fistulization related to the use of mesh. We conclude that laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in patients with normal esophageal motility is associated with a low rate of dysphagia and a low rate of recurrent reflux. Toupe fundoplication when used in reflux patients with poor esophageal motility is associated with a low rate of dysphagia and an acceptable rate of recurrent reflux. Laparoscop     

Laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia

Large paraesophageal hernias are generally repaired by reduction of the stomach into the abdomen, sac excision, crural closure, and gastropexy or fundoplication. After gaining experience performing laparoscopic repair of sliding hiatal hernias and Nissen fundoplication we combined laparoscopic access with traditional surgical technique in treating patients with complex paraesophageal hernias.Ten adults, six males and four females, with type III paraesophageal hernias underwent laparoscopic repair between February 1993 and April 1994. The average age of the patients was 60.4 years (range 38–81). Using five ports (three 10 mm and two 5 mm), the stomach was reduced into the abdomen, the hernia sac was resected, and the defect was closed with pledgeted horizontal mattress sutures. In addition, nine patients had a Nissen fundoplication performed and one patient had a diaphragmatic gastropexy.The procedure was completed laparoscopically in all ten cases and the median operating time was 282 min (range 165–430). Two complications occurred, an intraoperative gastric laceration, and a postoperative mediastinal seroma. All patients were discharged on the 2nd or 3rd postoperative day. Eight of nine patients were asymptomatic at last follow-up (mean 8.9 months postop). One patient has mild dysphagia and heartburn from partial migration of the fundoplication into the chest. One patient died 3 months postoperatively of unrelated causes. Paraesophageal hernia can be reduced and repaired safely with laparoscopic access using standard surgical techniques.Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastro-intestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 18–19 April 1994     

"Tension-free" hiatoplasty, gastrophrenic anchorage, and 360 degrees fundoplication in the laparoscopic treatment of paraesophageal hernia

In our initial experience of four cases from March to November 1994, large paraesophageal hernias were repaired by conventional primary closure of the hiatus with interrupted, nonabsorbable sutures, adding a 360 degrees fundoplication. In all four cases the hernia recurred. Subsequently, we modified the procedure. The technique and results are described. From March 1995 to May 1998, 12 patients with paraesophageal hernia (4 following a previous Nissen procedure) underwent elective laparoscopic repair. In all patients a "tension-free" hiatoplasty and a floppy 360 degrees fundoplication were performed. The hiatal defect was repaired with a polypropylene mesh, fixed to the diaphragm by staples. A gastrophrenic anchorage procedure was added in the eight patients undergoing surgery for the first time, utilizing the peritoneum of the hernia sac. There were no conversions to open surgery or intraoperative complications. Two patients developed postoperative pleural effusion, which was treated medically. Mean hospital stay was 5 days. Three patients developed postoperative transient dysphagia to solid food that lasted 10 days. At a mean follow-up of 22.7 months (range 1-40), all patients are asymptomatic without dysphagia, reflux, or hernia recurrence. Laparoscopic "tension-free" hiatoplasty, 360 degrees fundoplication, and anterior gastrophrenic anchorage are effective in the treatment of large paraesophageal hernias.     

Immediate postoperative complications after a laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication. Early laparoscopic reoperation

AIM OF THE STUDY: The immediate postoperative course of laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication can be complicated by severe dysphagia or paraesophageal hernia. The aim of this study was to describe the technical causes of these complications. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Four patients, operated for gastroesophageal reflux disease by laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication, developed severe dysphagia (n = 2) or paraesophageal hernia (n = 2) during the immediate postoperative period. A barium swallow examination visualized the complication in both cases of dysphagia and in 1 case of paraesophageal hernia. The correct diagnosis was established by CT scan in the other case of paraesophageal hernia. Reoperations were performed by laparoscopy, 3 days (n = 2) or 6 days (n = 2) postoperatively. RESULTS: Dysphagia was due to compression of the esophagus against the hiatus by the fundoplication. A new and looser fundoplication was easily performed. Dysphagia was no longer present postoperatively. The two patients were symptom-free after 6 and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. In the cases of paraesophageal hernia, the bottoms of the crura were torn. In the patient reoperated 3 days postoperatively, the procedure was easily performed, the postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was symptom-free after a follow-up of 20 months. In the patient reoperated 6 days postoperatively, the upper part of the stomach had moved into the left pleural cavity, the procedure was difficult due to inflammation and thickening of the gastric wall, and the postoperative course was uneventful, but reflux recurred 18 months later. CONCLUSION: When severe dysphagia or paraesophageal hernia occurs during the immediate postoperative course of laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication, reoperation, possibly by laparoscopy, identifies and cures the technical defects. Based on our experience, we suggest that surgical cure of paraesophageal hernia is easier when performed during the immediate postoperative period.     

Complications of laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair

The complications of laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair at two institutions were reviewed to determine the rate and type of complications. A total of 76 patients underwent laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair between December 1992 and April 1996. Seventy-one of them had fundoplication (6 required a Collis-Nissen procedure). Five patients underwent hernia reduction and gastropexy only. There was one conversion to laparotomy. Traumatic visceral injury occurred in eight patients (11%) (gastric lacerations in 3, esophageal lacerations in 2, and bougie dilator perforations in 3). All lacerations were repaired intraoperatively except for one that was not recognized until postoperative day 2. Vagus nerve injuries occurred in at least three patients. Three delayed perforations occurred in the postoperative period (4%) (2 gastric and 1 esophageal). Two patients had pulmonary complications, two had gastroparesis, and one had fever of unknown origin. Seven patients required reoperation for gastroparesis (n=2), dysphagia after mesh hiatal closure of the hiatus (n=1), or recurrent herniation (n=4). There were two deaths (3%): one from septic complications and one from myocardial infarction. Paraesophageal hernia repair took significantly longer (3.7 hours) than standard fundoplication (2.5 hours) in a concurrent series (P<0.05). Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair is feasible but challenging. The overall complication rate, although significant, is lower than that for nonsurgically managed paraesophageal hernia. Presented at the Thirty-Seventh Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, San Francisco, Calif., May 19–22, 1996.