结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c抗原鼠单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

目的:制备抗结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c抗原鼠mAb。方法:采用杂交瘤技术,获得了11株针对结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c抗原鼠mAb杂交瘤细胞株,对其中的5株进行了小鼠腹水的制备及相关鉴定。结果:5株mAb的腹水效价达到1∶32 000～1∶512 000,将这5株mAb进行了纯化,纯化后纯度大于90%,抗体亚类(型)均为IgG1/κ型,ELISA结果显示制备的mAb与结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c抗原可发生特异反应。结论:制备了抗结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c抗原鼠mAb,为结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c生物学功能的研究奠定基础。     

用PFGE鉴定结核分枝杆菌与非结核分枝杆菌

快速、准确地鉴定结核分枝杆菌与非结核分枝杆菌（MOTF）对结核病与非结核分枝杆菌病的诊断与治疗具有重要的指导意义。本研究以传统鉴定法为“金标准”，对94株分枝杆菌进行了分析，基于脉冲场凝胶电泳（pulsed-field gel electrophoresis．PFGE）及聚类分析的原理，建立了鉴定结核分枝杆菌与MOTF的新方法，并对其进行了方法学评价。     

结核分枝杆菌CFP-10／ESAT-6融合蛋白模拟抗原表位的筛选

目的探讨噬菌体展示随机肽库技术在结核分枝杆菌培养滤过蛋白10（CFP-10）／早期分泌抗原靶点6（ESAT-6）融合蛋白（CE融合蛋白）模拟抗原表位筛选中的应用。方法以抗CE融合蛋白多克隆抗体为靶分子，对随机噬菌体7肽库进行筛选，经3轮生物淘选后，随机选取18个单噬菌体进行测序分析。采用双抗体夹心和竞争ELISA方法对测序后噬菌体进行阳性克隆及其活性鉴定。采用间接ELISA方法，选取阳性单噬菌体与CE融合蛋白分别对20份活动性肺结核患者和10份有卡介苗接种史健康人的血清标本抗体进行检测。结果经过3轮生物淘选，能与靶分子特异性结合的噬菌体得到了明显富集。18个单噬菌体测序共获得9种序列，其中单噬菌体5、6、18的氨基酸序列均包含Trp-Asp-Ala-Thr（WDAT）保守序列，该序列与ESAT-6第58-61位氨基酸的序列一致。9种序列中各取1个单噬菌体经双抗体夹心和竞争ELISA检测，有7个单噬菌体（1、5、6、10、13、14、18，S／N值依次为9.2、9.7、9.4、8.9、9.6、9.9、9.0）确定为具有免疫活性的阳性克隆。选取含有WDAT保守序列的阳性单噬菌体5与CE融合蛋白分别对2种血清标本抗体进行间接ELISA检测结果显示，单噬菌体5对2种血清标本抗体检测的吸光度值均高于CE融合蛋白（分别为0．931±0．298 vs 0．317±0．157、0．496±0．073 vs 0．118±0．026，均P〈0．05）；单噬菌体5对活动性肺结核患者血清标本抗体的检出率（95％，19／20）明显高于CE融合蛋白（60％，12／20），而对有卡介苗接种史健康人血清标本抗体的检出率（9／10）低于CE融合蛋白（10／10）。结论利用噬菌体展示随机肽库技术成功筛选出7个CE融合蛋白的模拟抗原表位，并获得了定位于ESAT-6第58-61位氨基酸序列的CE融合蛋白的1个线性B细胞抗原表位，提高了ELISA检测的敏感性，为进一步研究CE融合蛋白的?     

结核分枝杆菌MPT64重组母牛分枝杆菌免疫学特性

目的:研究结核分枝杆菌MPT64重组母牛分枝杆菌疫苗免疫学特性.方法:用分泌表达MPT64的重组母牛分枝杆菌疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠,ELISA法检测免疫小鼠的特异性抗体滴度和抗体亚类.分离免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞,检测淋巴细胞增殖、IFN-γ和IL-12产生水平、CD4+细胞和CD8+细胞数、脾淋巴细胞特异性CTL杀伤效应.毒株攻击后对脾脏细菌负荷计数.结果:MPT64重组母牛分枝杆菌疫苗免疫可诱导小鼠高水平的体液免疫应答,免疫小鼠脾淋巴增殖明显,IFN-γ和IL-12含量增加,CD4+和CD8+细胞百分比明显增加,CTL杀伤效应明显,对MTB H37Rv攻击后有一定的保护作用.结论:MPT64重组母牛分枝杆菌疫苗可诱导小鼠有效的体液和细胞免疫应答,有可能作为新型TB疫苗候选.     

结核分枝杆菌重组蛋白CFP-10-ESAT-6-PPE68的表达、纯化与多克隆抗体的制备

目的构建重组质粒pET32a（＋）-cfp-10-esat-6-ppe68,得到重组结核分枝杆菌CFP-10-ESAT-6-PPE68蛋白及兔抗结核分枝杆菌CFP-10-ESAT-6-PPE68蛋白的多克隆抗体,为下-步应用于临床结核病的检测奠定基础。方法将结核分枝杆菌cfp-10-esat-6-ppe68基因转入质粒pET32a,将经PCR、酶切、序列测定鉴定为阳性的质粒转人大肠杆菌DE3,IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白,经亲和层析法纯化重组蛋白后用凝血酶切除载体蛋白,免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体并进行纯化。结果成功构建重组质粒表达体系pET32a（＋）-cfp-10-esat-6-ppe68,制得去除载体蛋白的高纯度重组蛋白CFP-10．ESAT-6-PPE68,并成功得到高纯度抗结核分枝杆菌CFP-10-ESAT-6。PPE68蛋白的抗体。结论成功表达结核重组蛋白并制得高纯度多克隆抗体。     

结核分枝杆菌抗原模拟肽的筛选和鉴定

目的 应用噬菌体随机12肽库免疫淘筛结核分枝杆菌抗原模拟肽.方法 以结核患者血清IgG为靶分子,3轮淘筛噬菌体随机12肽库,ELISA鉴定阳性噬菌体克隆,并进行测序分析.选择高频出现的阳性克隆用ELISA法初步分析其诊断能力.结果 经3轮免疫筛选,噬菌体得到有效富集,12个阳性噬菌体克隆经测序分析获得6种短肽序列.高频出现的两个阳性克隆诊断结核病的敏感性分别为71.4％ (A2)和55.4％ (A7).结论 结核患者血清IgG筛选噬菌体随机12肽库获得了能结合抗结核抗体的噬菌体展示短肽.     

结核分枝杆菌CFP10-ESAT6融合蛋白的制备

ＣＦＰ10和ＥＳＡＴ6都是结核分枝杆菌(Ｍ .ｔｂ)特有的、有良好抗原性的分泌性蛋白 ,将其编码基因 1ｈｐ和ｅｓａｔ6用ＧｅｎｅＳＯＥｉｎｇ法通过Ｌｉｎｋｅｒ (Ｇｌｙ4 Ｓｅｒ) 3构建成融合基因 ,并克隆入ｐＱＥ30质粒 ,表达、纯化、鉴定ｒＣＦＰ10 ＥＳＡＴ6 ,为其应用于Ｍ .ｔｂ感染的诊断和预防奠定基础。1 1ｈｐ ｅｓａｔ6基因的构建 :以已构建的ｐＱＥ30 ＣＦＰ10质粒为模板 ,用引物(Ｐ1) 5′ ＣＣＧＧＡＴＣＣＡＴＧＧＣＡＧＡＧＡＴＧＡＡＧＡＣ 3′和 (Ｐ2 ) 5′ ＧＣＴＧＣＣＧＣＣＡＣＣＧＣＣＧＣＴＴＣＣＧＣＣＡＣＣＧＣ…     

结核分枝杆菌Zmp1基因原核表达载体的构建及表达鉴定

目的构建结核分枝杆菌锌离子依赖的金属蛋白酶1(Zmp1)基因的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中进行表达。方法以卡介苗(BCG)基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR法扩增Zmp1基因;定向克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)的多克隆位点中,构建重组原核表达质粒pET-32a(+)-Zmp1;转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western blot法鉴定。结果PCR法扩增出Zmp1基因;重组表达质粒经双酶切及基因测序鉴定构建正确;表达的重组Zmp1融合蛋白相对分子质量(Mr)约为94 000,大小与预期融合蛋白一致;重组Zmp1融合蛋白可与His标签单克隆抗体特异性结合。结论成功构建了Zmp1基因原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得重组Zmp1融合蛋白表达。     

结核分枝杆菌与巨噬细胞的相互作用

结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)是人类一种较难克服的致病菌.巨噬细胞(Mφ)作为机体固有免疫的重要组成部分在抵抗外来病原微生物中发挥着至关重要的作用.它们之间的相互作用一直被研究者所重视,近年来随着多重耐药菌株的出现以及结核病的死灰复燃使得对其更加受到研究者的重视.因而,深入了解Mφ抵抗Mtb的侵害及Mtb躲避Mφ杀伤的各种机制可以寻找防治结核病的新的治疗靶点.     

结核杆菌CFP-10蛋白的原核表达、纯化及抗血清制备

目的:获得原核表达及纯化结核杆菌CFP-10蛋白及其抗血清。方法:从H37RV结核杆菌基因组中扩增得到CFP-10的编码基因,通过原核表达系统(BL21-pET28a+)表达及镍亲和层析和Q sepharose阴离子交换层析获得内毒素合格的CFP-10蛋白。将此蛋白免疫家兔,获得抗CFP-10的抗血清,并通过间接ELISA的方法检测其抗体滴度。结果:重组质粒pET28a-CFP-10构建成功,其编码的蛋白在BL21中获得了高效表达,且经纯化获得了内毒素合格的CFP-10蛋白,免疫家兔获得的抗血清效价能达到1∶256 000。结论:成功的表达及纯化了CFP-10蛋白,并制备了高滴度的CFP-10抗血清,为临床血清学检测以及新型结核疫苗研究奠定基础。     

Molecular and immunological characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10, an immunodiagnostic antigen missing in Mycobacterium bovis BCG

In order to identify antigens that may be used in the serodiagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB), we screened a Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic expression library with a pool of sera from patients diagnosed with active pulmonary TB. The sera used lacked reactivity with a recombinant form of the M. tuberculosis 38-kDa antigen (r38kDa), and the goal was to identify antigens that might complement r38kDa in a serodiagnostic assay. Utilizing this strategy, we identified a gene, previously designated lhp, which encodes a 100-amino-acid protein referred to as culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10). The lhp gene is located directly upstream of esat-6, within a region missing in M. bovis BCG. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that CFP-10 is present in M. tuberculosis CFP, indicating that it is likely a secreted or shed antigen. Purified recombinant CFP-10 (rCFP-10) was shown to be capable of detecting specific antibody in a percentage of TB patients that lack reactivity with r38kDa, most notably in smear-negative cases, where sensitivity was increased from 21% for r38kDa alone to 40% with the inclusion of rCFP-10. In smear-positive patient sera, sensitivity was increased from 49% for r38kDa alone to 58% with the inclusion of rCFP-10. In addition, rCFP-10 was shown to be a potent T-cell antigen, eliciting proliferative responses and gamma interferon production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 70% of purified protein derivative-positive individuals without evident disease. The responses to this antigen argue for the inclusion of rCFP-10 in a polyvalent serodiagnostic test for detection of active TB infection. rCFP-10 could also contribute to the development of a recombinant T-cell diagnostic test capable of detecting exposure to M. tuberculosis.     

Preparation and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for nuclear protein of avian influenza virus]

AIM: To prepare the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for nuclear protein (NP) of avian influenza virus (AIV) and identify their biological properties. METHODS: BALB/c mice were immunized with AIV (formaldehyde-inactivated AIV H9N2, Triton X-100-lysed H9N2 and AIV NP expressed in E.coli, respectively). Hybridoma cell lines secreting anti-AIV NP mAbs were developed through cell fusion, screening and cloning. The mAb's titer was determined by indirect ELISA. Specificity of mAbs was identified by cross-reaction test and indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA). RESULTS: 6 hybridoma cell lines secreting anti-AIV NP mAbs were obtained, designated 4F4, 1C3, 1G11, 1C2, 1D10 and 2F7. ELISA detection showed that the titers of two mAbs (1G11 and 1D10) out of 6 mAbs were the highest (2(-13) and 2(-14), respectively) and their specificity was also better than that of the others, confirmed by cross-reaction test and IFA. CONCLUSION: In this study 6 mAbs against AIV NP were obtained. The mAbs 1G11 and 1D10 perform the best in titer and specificity. This work paves the way for AIV study and development of method for rapid detection of AIV.     

特异性HER2单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

目的:制备特异性识别天然构象的人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER2)的单克隆抗体(mAb),用以指导Herceptin的临床应用.方法:利用纯化的原核表达的HER2融合蛋白作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞与NS1骨髓瘤细胞按常规方法融合,ELISA法进行杂交瘤的初步筛选.构建HER2酵母展示系统,用酵母cell base ELISA进行第2次筛选.将筛选到的阳性克隆株进行亚克隆获得稳定分泌细胞株,用免疫组织化学的方法鉴定其与SK-Br-3细胞和293a细胞的反应性.结果:通过ELISA筛选得到168株阳性杂交瘤,用酵母cell base ELISA最终得到8株阳性杂交瘤,此8株免疫组化检测均与SK-Br-3细胞反应,而与293a细胞无反应.结论:成功制备了8株识别天然构象的HER2的mAb,能够用于免疫组化,为临床上使用Herceptin进行个性化治疗乳腺癌打下了基础.     

结核杆菌CFP-10/ESAT-6融合基因在耻垢分枝杆菌中的表达及其抗原性的初步研究

目的构建表达结核分枝杆菌CFP-10／ESAT-6融合蛋白的重组耻垢分枝杆菌,并观察其对巨噬细胞的作用。方法采用SOE法构建CFP-10／ESAT-6融合基因,克隆人大肠杆菌-分枝杆菌穿梭载体pMV261中,将重组质粒电转化耻垢分枝杆菌,SDS-PAGE检测CFP-10／ESAT-6融合蛋白在重组耻垢分枝杆菌中的表达。以重组耻垢分枝杆菌感染小鼠巨噬细胞ANA-1,半定量RT-PCR检测ANA-1细胞一氧化氮合成酶的表达水平。结果经DNA测序证实CFP-10／ESAT-6融合基因序列正确。重组耻垢分枝杆菌经热诱导后可以表达相对分子质量(Mr)约为18×103的融合蛋白,与预期值一致。重组耻垢分枝杆菌能够诱导小鼠巨噬细胞表达一氧化氮合成酶。结论表达CFP-10／ESAT-6融合蛋白的重组耻垢分枝杆菌构建成功,该重组耻垢分枝杆菌能够活化巨噬细胞,具有抗原性,为研制结核疫苗提供一定参考。     

抗醛糖还原酶单克隆抗体的制备与特性鉴定

目的:制备抗醛糖还原酶(AR)的单克隆抗体(mAb),并与本室制备的抗醛糖还原酶相似蛋白(ARL-1)mAb进行比较。方法:经RT-PCR获得AR基因,将基因插入pGEX-4T-1(His)6C中,构建重组质粒pGEX-4T-1(His)6C-AR,以重组质粒转化E.coliRosetta诱导表达GST-AR蛋白。以纯化的GST-AR蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术制备mAb。应用间接ELISA和Western blot方法对mAb进行筛选和鉴定。使用Clustalx和Antheprot软件,比较AR与ARL-1的同源性,表达GST-dAR[80~142氨基酸(aa)],与ARL-1差异较大;并分析AR的抗原性,表达GST-dA1(1~79aa)、GST-dA2(80~99aa)、GST-dA3(111~142aa)、GST-dA4(143~316aa)。利用AR全长及截短蛋白,采用Western blot分析制备的抗AR mAb识别AR抗原的部位。结果:获得3株稳定分泌抗AR mAb的杂交瘤细胞系ARB3、AR7B3G4和ARF10。3株抗GST-AR的mAb均为IgG1(κ型),腹水mAb效价为1∶4×105,细胞培养上清mAb效价为1∶1×104,3株mAb均可与胎盘组织中的AR蛋白起反应,而与GST-ARL-1和GST蛋白无交叉反应。它们分别为抗GST-dA1、GST-dA3和GST-dA4蛋白的mAb。结论:成功地制备了3株特异性抗AR mAb,可分别识别AR的1~79、111~142、143~316位氨基酸。将它们与抗ARL-1mAb联合应用,将有助于进一步研究AR与ARL-1蛋白的功能,并为深入探讨AR、ARL-1与相关疾病的关系及进行大规模的流行病学调查提供了有力的工具。     

Preparation and characterization of specific and high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against morphine

A C6-hemisuccinate derivative of morphine was prepared and conjugated to bovine serum albumin. High titer antibody producing spleen cells were removed and fused with myeloma cells of Sp2/0 origin. A C3-hemisuccinate derivative of morphine was prepared and conjugated to enzyme penicillinase used as a tracer molecule. A novel enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay was developed using this conjugate to screen and characterize the monoclonal antibody produced in these experiments. After two successive limiting dilutions, antibodies produced by 5 clones with good affinities ranging from 10(8) to 10(12) M(-1) and less cross-reaction (least for codeine and other structurally related molecules) were selected. These clones were found to be of IgG class with kappa light chain. Subclass determination showed that two of the clones produced IgG2b and three of them produced IgG1 type of antibody. Affinity purifications were performed for the selected clone (MOR-I). Purified antibody was coated onto the wells of microtiter plate. The standard curve was constructed with a sensitivity of 100 pg/mL covering up to 10 ng/mL in buffer and urine. The slope of the standard curve for selected clone in buffer and urine was calculated to be -0.7 and -0.64, respectively.     

抗人乳腺癌候选抑制蛋白1单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的:制备抗人乳腺癌候选抑制蛋白1(BCSC-1)蛋白单克隆抗体(mAb),并对其特异性进行鉴定。方法:构建原核表达载体pET-30a-BCSC-1,在原核表达系统E.coliBL21(DE3)中表达重组人BCSC-1蛋白。超声洗涤纯化重组蛋白作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞和同系小鼠的骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0进行常规融合,通过有限稀释法进行克隆和间接ELISA筛选,获得分泌小鼠抗人BCSC-1蛋白mAb的杂交瘤细胞株,通过ELISA、Western blot等方法检测其特异性。将真核重组表达载体pcDNA3.1/v5-HisB-BCSC-1转染入乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,通过免疫组化确定了人BCSC-1蛋白的表达。结果:成功构建了原核表达载体pET-30a-BCSC-1,经IPTG诱导表达出了重组人BCSC-1蛋白,主要以包涵体的形式存在沉淀中。用纯化的重组BCSC-1蛋白免疫小鼠后经融合筛选得到1株稳定分泌抗BCSC-1的mAb杂交瘤细胞株。通过ELISA、Western blot、免疫组化等方法鉴定,抗BC-SC-1的mAb能与BCSC-1蛋白特异性结合。结论:成功制备了小鼠抗人BCSC-1的mAb。     

Immunological crossreactivity of the Mycobacterium leprae CFP-10 with its homologue in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10) (Rv3874) is considered a promising antigen for the immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) together with early secreted antigens of M. tuberculosis (ESAT-6). Both ESAT-6 and CFP-10 are encoded by the RD1 region that is deleted from all tested M. bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains but present in M. leprae, M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. kansasii, M. africanum and M. marinum. In this study, the homologue of CFP-10 in M. leprae (ML0050) is identified and characterized. Interferon-gamma production in response to this homologue by T cells from leprosy patients, TB patients and unexposed controls shows that CFP-10 of M. leprae is a potent antigen that crossreacts with CFP-10 of M. tuberculosis at the T-cell level. This crossreactivity has implications for the use of CFP-10 of these mycobacterial species as diagnostic tool in areas endemic for both the diseases.