两孔法电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸

目的总结两孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸经验。方法 2007年8月～2011年9月对58例自发性气胸行两孔法电视胸腔手术。结果 54例无中转常规三孔胸腔镜或开胸,无手术死亡,无严重并发症,治愈率100%。手术时间40～70 min,平均48 min;术中出血20～50 ml,平均35 ml;术后漏气0～4 d,平均1.3 d。术后住院时间3～8 d,平均5 d;随访4个月～4年,均无复发。结论两孔法VATS治疗自发性气胸,是一种创伤小、效果可靠、复发率低、恢复快,可作为一种安全可靠的选择。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗老年人自发性气胸85例

目的 探讨电视胸腔镜手术（Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS）治疗老年自发性气胸患者的可行性、疗效及愈后。方法 对85例老年自发性气胸患者进行VATS手术治疗。结果 平均手术时间65min（15-120min）,平均术后住院时间7.3d（4-14d）,本组无死亡病例，均治愈出院，术后随访2个月-4年，均无复发。结论 VATS手术微创、术后恢复快、疗效可靠，适合老年自发性气胸患者，对心肺功能差者尤其适用。     

VATS治疗≥65岁自发性气胸临床观察(附23例)

目的探讨电视胸腔镜技术(VATS)在治疗≥65岁自发性气胸患者的安全性及有效性。方法分析23例≥65岁自发性气胸患者行VATS的相关临床资料,统计手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置胸管时间、漏气时间、住院时间、术后并发症发生率、治愈率、围术期死亡率、复发率等指标。结果手术时间72～127 min,平均103.57±13.77min;术中出血40～260 ml,平均150.96±52.91 ml;术后放置胸管时间2～13 d,平均8.83±1.92 d;术后漏气时间2～11 d,平均6.13±2.26 d;住院时间8～26 d,平均16.91±4.84 d;术后并发症发生率为26%;治愈率100%。结论≥65岁自发性气胸术后并发症发生率较高;VATS是治疗≥65岁自发性气胸患者的一种安全、有效、微创的方法。     

电视胸腔镜辅助小切口治疗青年自发性气胸

目的探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口（VAMT）在青年自发性气胸中的应用价值。方法回顾分析2007年10月～2009年12月20例青年自发性气胸行电视胸腔镜辅助小切口肺大疱切除及胸膜固定的临床资料。结果 20例患者无手术死亡,手术时间60～100 min,术中出血量40～90 mL,术后胸腔引流管留置时间3～5 d,随访6～24月,无气胸复发。结论胸腔镜辅助小切口治疗自发性气胸综合了传统开胸和常规VATS手术的优点,并弥补了两者的不足,创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、术后不易复发,不增加患者经济负担,适合在中国普及开展。     

电视胸腔镜自体血回输治疗自发性血胸和血气胸

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术（VATS）结合自体血回输治疗自发性血胸、血气胸的疗效。方法 25例自发性血胸和血气胸患者,采用VATS治疗,并在术中同步进行自体血回输。观察失血量和回输血量,检测术前、术后第1天及第7天的血常规、凝血功能及肾功能。结果 25例患者均经胸腔镜完成胸腔积血回收,血凝块清除;胸腔止血和肺大疱切除。术中出血量（1610＋730）ml,回收血量（1235＋485）ml,术后血红蛋白和红细胞总数均较术前有显著增加;除2例病人术后胸腔引流管放置时间较长外,全组无死亡,均痊愈出院。结论电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性血胸和血气胸,创伤小,恢复快;结合术中自体血回输可以及时补充血容量,节约血源,显著减少各种输血并发症,增加抢救成功率。     

单操作孔胸腔镜手术治疗原发性自发性气胸疗效观察

目的观察单操作孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗原发性自发性气胸的疗效。方法采用单操作孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸86例。结果手术均获成功。手术时间20-70 min,术中失血量均〈50 ml,无术中输血,无中转开胸手术,无胸膜腔感染和手术并发症。术后住院时间平均5 d,平均费用11 000元,患者无围手术期死亡。结论 单操作孔胸腔镜手术治疗原发性自发性气胸治疗效果理想。     

胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口在胸部手术中的应用

目的探讨胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口(VAMT)在胸部手术中的应用价值。方法选取新疆奎屯农七师医院乳甲普胸外科46例胸部疾病患者,均在胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口下行手术治疗。结果手术切口长度约4～8cm,手术历时为30～160min,平均时间为100min;术中出血量为50～200ml,平均出血量为95ml,术中及术后均未输血;胸腔引流管留置时间为1～12d,平均留置时间1.5d;胸腔引流量150～650ml,平均引流量240ml;患者住院时间为7～23d,平均住院时间11d;术后疼痛分级:2级为30例,3级10为例,4级为1例。结论 VAMT在胸部疾病中具有创伤小、出血少、术后疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短、对全身心肺功能、美容影响小等优点。     

145例自发性气胸的电视胸腔镜手术治疗

目的探讨自发性气胸的电视胸腔镜手术治疗的方法及临床评价。方法对145例胸腔镜手术治疗的自发性气胸进行回顾性分析。结果 145例均存在肺尖病灶。其中上肺单发病灶96例,多发病灶36例,多叶病灶13例。手术时间平均45 min,术后胸腔引流管平均引流量125 ml,拔胸腔引流管时间平均为2 d,术后住院时间平均为8 d,全组治愈出院。术后病理检查结果：大泡型肺气肿125例,囊泡型肺气肿18例,支气管型肺囊肿2例。有2例复发,保守治疗后治愈。结论电视胸腔镜手术是治疗自发性气胸的首选方法。     

快通道胸腔镜简单心脏手术的临床观察

目的 总结快通道胸腔镜心脏手术治疗简单心脏病的临床经验.方法 对2012年6月至2013年6月我院简单心脏病患者22例行快通道胸腔镜心脏手术,术中行快通道麻醉拔管,术后行综合管理.结果 快通道胸腔镜心脏手术时间3.5～6.5 h,平均4.5 h;主动脉阻断时间25～72 min,平均34 min;出血量30～260 ml,平均63 ml;意识清醒时间10～360 min,平均25 min;30 min后肌力恢复3级以上占90％;呼吸机辅助时间12～40 min,平均29 min;气管插管拔除时间术后30～120 min,平均75 min;住院4～12 d,平均6.5 d;住院费用总计2.5～4.5万元,平均2.8万元.结论 胸腔镜心脏手术、快通道麻醉、体外循环、术后管理各环节之间应达到无缝连接,保证快通道技术顺利完成.     

胸腔镜辅助腋下垂直小切口在肺部手术中的应用

目的探讨胸腔镜辅助腋下垂直小切口在肺部手术中的应用价值。方法65例因肺部病变住院手术患者,均在胸腔镜辅助腋下垂直小切口下行手术治疗。结果手术切口长4—6cm,开胸时间平均5min,手术时间平均100min;术中平均出血量320ml,术中均未输血;胸管平均引流时间1．5d,平均引流量230ml;术后疼痛分级：2级47例,3级16例,4级2例;无手术死亡,无并发症发生;术后平均住院8d。结论胸腔镜辅助腋下垂直小切口用于肺部手术操作简单,创伤小,出血少,手术后疼痛轻,恢复快,切口隐匿。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗创伤性血气胸31例

目的总结胸腔镜治疗创伤性血气胸的临床意义及优点。方法对31例外伤性血气胸患者使用胸腔镜或辅助小切口行单纯肺叶修补、肺楔形切除、肋间动脉止血、膈肌修补术等治疗的结果进行总结。结果 31例均治愈出院。住院时间5~13d,平均9d。术后无并发症。结论外伤性血气胸使用胸腔镜治疗优点颇多,具有创伤小、恢复快、安全微创、并发症少等优点,是外伤性血气胸首选的治疗办法,值得临床推广。     

The results of thoracoscopic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax

OBJECTIVE: To review our experience of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study following up consecutive patients for 3 to 4.3 years. SETTING: Thoracic Surgery Department, Chest Diseases Hospital, Kuwait. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTION: Seventy-two consecutive patients undergoing thoracoscopy for primary spontaneous pneumothorax from January 1994 to June 1996. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 25 years (range, 15 to 40 years), and 67 were men (93%). All patients were successfully treated using video-assisted thoracoscopic technique. Recurrent pneumothorax was the most frequent indication for surgery, occurring in 49 patients. The most common method of management was stapling of an identified bleb, which was done in 56 cases. Pleurodesis was achieved by gauze abrasion (n = 39) and apical pleurectomy (n = 33). Postoperative prolonged air leak occurred in five patients (6.9%). There were no deaths attributable to the procedure. The mean (+/-SD) postoperative hospital stay was 4 +/- 2 days. Mean follow-up is 42 months (range, 36 to 54 months) for all patients. Pneumothorax recurred in four patients (5.5%) in whom pleural abrasion was done. The recurrences occurred in the first year of follow-up, three required a reoperation, and one healed by rest without pleural drainage. CONCLUSIONS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe procedure in the treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Apical pleurectomy is a more effective way of producing pleural symphysis. Long-term follow-up did not increase the rate of recurrence.     

Justifying video-assisted thoracic surgery for spontaneous hemopneumothorax

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has gained a prominent role in routine thoracic surgery practice. This study discusses the clinical aspects and utility of VATS in spontaneous hemopneumothorax (SHP). PATIENTS: Of 363 spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) cases, 24 patients presented with SHP (6.6%). The clinical features, surgical indications, emergency VATS technique, and patient outcomes are discussed. RESULTS: All 24 patients were male (mean age, 25.3 years). Eleven patients were in hypovolemic shock, and their hemoglobin levels ranged from 6.7 to 12.7 g/dL; therefore, they received fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion. The amount of blood drained through the chest tube varied from 200 to 3,500 mL. Emergency VATS revealed that 5 cases were simple hemothoraces and 19 cases were associated with pneumothorax. The cause of bleeding was identified by thoracoscopy, as from an aberrant vessel (n = 11), torn parietal pleura (n = 4), ruptured vascularized bullae (n = 2), and lung parenchyma (n = 1). Six patients had no evidence of an obvious bleeding site. Bullous lesions were at the apex of the upper lobe in 14 patients, and multiple lobar involvement was seen in 2 patients. All the bullae were resected with endoscopic stapler in eight patients and ligated with a homemade endoloop in eight patients. The mean operation time was 42 min. The mean chest tube removal time was 3.5 days after insertion, and mean postoperative stay was 4.5 days. There is no recurrence of SHP or SP during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: SHP complicated by severe bleeding presents a potentially grave emergency. VATS may be considered as feasible treatment for patients with SHP.     

Bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the supine position for primary spontaneous pneumothorax

On the basis of the bilateral nature of bullous lesions of the lung, the authors have performed single-stage bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the supine position for primary spontaneous pneumothorax in five patients since October 1999. All five patients were males with a mean age of 23 years (range 19 to 29 years). The presenting pneumothorax was ipsilateral (right-sided) in four patients and simultaneous bilateral in the one remaining patient. Apart from the one case of simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax (SBSP), all patients had a history of at least one pneumothorax episode requiring tube thoracotomy. Bilateral bullae were confirmed in all patients on preoperative chest computed tomography (CT). Bilateral bullectomy was performed by endo-stapler with no difficulties. Mean operating time was 111 minutes (range 85 to 140 minutes). All patients were returned to the surgical ward in good condition from the operating room immediately after extubation. No complications were observed, and duration of postoperative hospital stay was two to four days. All patients were alive without recurrence of pneumothorax after a mean follow-up period of 25 months (range, 9 to 43 months). Single-stage bilateral VATS in the supine position has shown itself to be an excellent approach for the treatment of bilateral bullous lesions, combining both efficacy and low morbidity.     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸72例

目的总结电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)治疗自发性气胸(SP)的经验。方法72例自发性气胸患者采用VATS治疗,其中双侧VATS9例(同期手术6例),合并血胸急诊手术4例,辅助胸腔镜小切口15例。结果患者全部治愈,平均术后住院6.7天、留置胸引管5.1天,9例发生术后并发症,随访0.5月～3.5年,无术侧气胸复发。结论自发性气胸是临床常见疾病,易反复发作,肺大疱破裂是主要病因。VATS是彻底性治疗SP的首选方法,肺大疱切除是常用术式,VATS创伤小、康复快、并发症少、外观满意。手术时机宜早。     

电视胸腔镜对肺部局限性磨玻璃样病灶手术的配合运用分析

目的分析配合使用电视胸腔镜实施肺部局限性磨玻璃样病灶切除手术的临床运用效果。方法选择我院行电视胸腔镜病灶切除术65例肺部局限性磨玻璃样病灶患者的病例资料进行分析,术中将胸腔镜下切除的病灶快速送病理检查,根据病理结果选择相应的手术方式。记录手术一般情况和术后的并发症情况。结果病理检查中:良性增生患者15例,恶性增生患者50例。所有患者手术顺利,手术时间为30～120 min,术中出血量50～300 ml,手术患者切除淋巴结3～15个,术后患者未出现严重并发症。结论电视胸腔镜对肺部局限性磨玻璃样病灶切除创伤小,效果好,适合临床长期推广应用。     

Bilateral bullectomy through uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery combined with contralateral access to the anterior mediastinum

OBJECTIVE:

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been a surgical intervention of choice for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) with lung bulla. Our objective was to introduce a uniportal VATS approach for simultaneous bilateral bullectomy and to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy.

METHODS:

Between May of 2011 and January of 2012, five patients underwent bilateral bullectomy conducted using this approach. All of the patients presented with bilateral SP. Preoperative HRCT revealed that all of the patients had bilateral apical bullae. We reviewed the surgical indications, surgical procedures, and outcomes.

RESULTS:

All of the patients were successfully submitted to this approach for bilateral bullectomy, and there were no intraoperative complications. The median time to chest tube removal was 4.2 days, and the median length of the postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 days. The median postoperative follow-up period was 11.2 months. One patient experienced recurrence of left SP three weeks after the surgery and underwent pleural abrasion.

CONCLUSIONS:

Bilateral bullectomy through uniportal VATS combined with contralateral access to the anterior mediastinum is technically reliable and provides favorable surgical outcomes for patients with bilateral SP who develop bilateral apical bullae. However, among other requirements, this surgical procedure demands that surgeons be experienced in VATS and that the appropriate thoracoscopic instruments are available.     

经胸腔镜直线切割缝合器治疗肺大疱中的应用探讨

目的 观察应用经胸腔镜直线切割缝合器治疗肺大疱的临床疗效.方法 选取我院收治的60例肺大疱手术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组各30例,分别给予胸腔镜及开胸手术治疗,比较两组患者的手术情况、术后并发症及疗效.结果 治疗组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、引流管拔除时间、术后并发症发生率及复发率均明显少于对照组（P〈0.05）,具有统计学意义.结论 应用经胸腔镜直线切割缝合器治疗肺大疱具有损伤小、术后恢复快、复发率低的优点.     

单孔胸腔镜手术治疗肺结核合并气胸的临床应用

目的探讨单孔电视胸腔镜下治疗肺结核合并气胸的可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析我院2013年6月至2014年12月完成的单孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗肺结核合并气胸患者46例的临床资料,记录手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流液总量、带管时间和术后住院天数等。结果全组手术顺利,无中转传统VATS或开胸手术。平均手术时间54(35~126)min;术中平均出血21(10~200)ml;术后平均引流时间2.6(1~6)d;术后平均住院4.3(3~10)d。术后随访4~12个月,无复发及其他并发症发生。结论单孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗肺结核合并气胸近期疗效满意,技术可行,手术安全。     

腹腔镜Nissen和Toupet胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病的术后效果评价

目的探讨腹腔镜Nissen和Toupet胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病的疗效和术后并发症。 方法回顾性分析2014年7月至2016年7月,在中国医科大学附属盛京医院行腹腔镜下食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术的57例食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病患者的临床资料,其中24例行Nissen胃底折叠术式(Nissen组),33例行Toupet胃底折叠术式(Toupet组)。观察并比较2组患者的术后抗反流效果及发生术后并发症情况。 结果57例均顺利完成腹腔镜下手术,无中转开腹,手术时间68～115 min,平均手术时间(75.8±6.4)min;术中出血量15～30 ml,平均出血量(22±5)ml;2组患者均使用补片行食管裂孔疝修补术;术后24 h进流食,术后平均住院日(10.5±3)d。2组患者手术时间,出血量,住院日无明显差别。57例患者均得到随访,随访时间为6个月至2.5年,平均随访时间为18个月。术后均未出现反酸,烧心等胃食管反流病典型症状,无复发病例。Nissen组术后有2例(8.2%)患者出现吞咽困难,Toupet组术后有8例(24.2%)出现吞咽困难,Toupet组术后并发症发生率明显高于Nissen组。术前伴有胃食管反流病的患者行胃镜检查均有不同程度的食管炎症,所有患者术后均复查胃镜、食管测压及食管24 h pH值监测。复查结果显示,2组患者术后较术前食管下括约肌压力均有明显改善,食管下括约肌长度也均明显延长。 结论腹腔镜下Nissen术式在术后出现吞咽困难发生率上少于Toupet术式,但2种术式抗反流效果无明显差异。