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1.
Background and study aim
Recent previous studies have highlighted the existence of burnout among high-school students. Burnout among high-school students has been described as a continuum between academic stress and severe burnout. Moreover, as for adults, burnout in school context is a three-dimensional concept that includes: exhausting concerning school demands, cynical attitudes towards school and sense of inadequacy as a student (Salmela-Aro et al., 2009). Previous research has shown that burnout can engender depression (Salmela-Aro et al., 2009), and that, depression in turn could lead to suicide ideas among adolescents (Garlow et al., 2008). Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the determinisms of burnout among French high-school students and to evaluate the mediator effect of depression between burnout and suicidal ideations.Method
Two hundred and fifty-six high-school students from 11th and 12th grades participated in this study. Among the participants, 135 were boys and 117 were girls, mean age was 16.9 years (SD = 0.88). The participants completed questionnaires about depression, suicidal ideations, burnout, academic stress, perceived pressure and perfectionism.Results
Regression analyzes were performed in order to determine the predictor variables of school burnout. The results indicates that burnout was predicted by academic stress, perceived pressure provided by parents and provided by peers; perfectionism however appears as a protective factor. In a second step mediation analyses using multiple regressions were performed. As expected, depression was a mediator between burnout and suicidal ideations. Since burnout was a significant predictor of depression and of suicide ideas, when depression and burnout are both associated, depression is the principal predictor (β = 0.64; t = 11, P < 0.0001) and burnout is no longer a significant predictor (β = –0.09; t = –1.6; P = 0.11). The Sobel post-hoc test confirmed these results (z = 8.4, P < 0.0001).Conclusion
Therefore it seems important to take into account academic stress and burnout for prevention of suicidality in adolescents. Psychotherapy interventions, focused on problem solving or improving feelings of self-efficacy, may be interesting to explore. 相似文献2.
Objective
Constructive thinking is defined as the use of functional affective and cognitive coping styles in stressful situations. A first aim of the current study is to evaluate constructive thinking in adolescents and young adults, taking into account gender differences. A second aim is to identify a specific profile of the constructive thinking in delinquent adolescents.Method
The study comprises two samples. A first sample is constituted of 777 participants of the general population, aged from 12 to 26 years (mean age = 17.09 ± 2.70), recruited in public and private schools, as well as in high-schools and colleges. The second sample is composed of 60 male delinquent adolescents, aged from 12 to 18 years (mean age = 16.15 ± 1.23), recruited in two forensic facilities. All participants were asked to answer the constructive thinking inventory (CTI), a self-report questionnaire assessing the constructive thinking. This self-report questionnaire comprises one global scale, global constructive thinking and six specific scales.Results
Results of the present study evidence important gender and age differences in coping styles used to handle daily life stressful situations. Specifically, compared to their female counterparts, male participants show a more efficient constructive thinking, with a more black-and-white thinking style, as well as a tendency to consider stressful situations as challenges rather than threats. Regarding age differences, some differences between the adolescents and young adults were observed on some specific scales. Namely, adolescents are more likely to think in a rigid and dichotomous thinking style, and seem to have a simplistic vision of the world, whereas adults are more likely to think in a more realistic way. Finally, compared to male adolescents from the general population, adolescent delinquents show a less efficient constructive thinking. They are less able to display adequate responses to stressful situations and tend to have a more rigid and superstitious thinking.Conclusion
The CTI appears to be a useful tool to assess adolescents’ and young adults’ strategies to manage daily life problems. Additionally, deficits in constructive thinking seem to play a role in the occurrence and maintenance of delinquent behaviours, and should be taken into consideration for interventions in this specific population. 相似文献3.
J.-L. Sudres M. Dupuy F. Ghrib H. Desjardins I. Hubert M. Glattard G. Diene C. Arnaud M. Tauber B. Jouret 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2013
Background
Adolescence is identified as a critical period for obesity and its complications.Objective
To evaluate body image, self-esteem, anxiety and depression in obese adolescents.Methods
Hundred and six obese adolescents benefited from an exploration of body image (Body Prominence, BPQ; Figure Rating Scale, FRS; Questionnaire of Body Preoccupation, QPC), self-esteem (Self-Esteem Scale, SES), anxiety (Revised children Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMA-S), depression (Center for Epidemiologic studies–Depression Scale, CES-D).Results
Globally, body image is disturbed. The BPQ shows a level of body consciousness greater in girls. Concerning the choice of the perceived figure, boys position themselves more frequently than girls in plump figures. For wished figures, girls choose more slim figures. However, there is no sex difference concerning body dissatisfaction that is relatively important for both sexes. The QPC indicates that girls have higher body preoccupation level than boys with specific focus on certain body area according to sex. The SES indicates that one out of two adolescents shows a low self-esteem and according to the RCMA-S, one out of three shows a high anxiety level without sex difference. Moreover, from the CES-D, one out of five adolescents, more frequently girls, exhibits a moderate to severe depression.Conclusion
These results, with a differential interpretation (statistical vs clinical), partly confirm the data from the literature, and underline the need to perform a comprehensive investigation of body image, self-esteem, anxiety and depression in obese adolescents. In order to optimize the quality of the management provided to these youths, we proposed to physicians a pragmatic guide as “the somato-psychic pyramid”. It is important to remind that while escaping from the rule of the body fat regulation, obese adolescents may demonstrate a transgression and an adaptative marginalization. 相似文献4.
5.
V. Garez G. Apter M. Valente B. Golse E. Devouche 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2014
Background and aim
This research aims to study mother-infant interactions at 3 months postpartum using the Still Face Face-to-Face Paradigm comparing two groups, mothers with borderline personality disorder and controls. We hypothesized that dyadic interactions with mothers afflicted with the disorder would be significantly different from those without psychopathology, and that these differences would vary according to infant gender.Methods
Nineteen dyads of mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder and 41 with control mothers were filmed using the Still Face Paradigm. Behaviors of both partners were studied using microanalytic coding with the Maternal and Infant Regulation Scoring System.Results and conclusion
Our analysis shows that both partners react to the stress induced by the Still Face episode (the paradigm is divided in three phases, 2 minutes of spontaneous interaction face-to-face, 2 minutes of maternal Still Face per se, and 2 minutes of reuniting interactive play). Infants of mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder show less gaze focused on mother than their control counterparts; infant girls regulate themselves more than boys and mothers with psychopathology demonstrate more tactile stimulation of their infants (touch, tickle, etc.). Our research illustrates how different dyadic adaptive mechanisms exist according to maternal psychopathology and infant gender, and suggests that as early as 3 months postpartum, infants are already trying to adapt to maternal functioning and dysfunctional interactions through self-regulatory mechanisms. This begs for further research exploring as precisely as possible interactive mechanisms both early in life and in longitudinal studies. 相似文献6.
Objective
The objective of this research is to identify the psychological processes underlying the phenomenon of school demobilization and highlight the protective factors of dropping out, with particular attention to the impact of self-esteem of adolescents.Methods
We proceeded to the award and the statistical validation of two scales (self-esteem and school mobilization) with a sample of 405 college students for the testing of our hypothesis, with linear regression analyzes.Results
The results support the hypothesis that self-esteem has an effect on school mobilization. More self-esteem is high, especially the so socio-emotional and academic self, more school mobilization is strong, suggesting that emotional control but also the assessment that the young because of his academic skills, would manage the process of competition and struggle for social recognition that college students are confronted by the expression of strong mobile on the school and knowledge.Conclusion
In conclusion, the results of this research suggest that self-esteem is a preventive dimension of demobilization school. They underline the importance of questioning earlier in adolescents, their school mobilization, conceived as a co-construction, by differentiating the dimensions of the report to the school's relation to knowledge and engagement in school work, taking into account their self-esteem. 相似文献7.
Background
Child welfare literature underlines a higher prevalence of health problems and psychiatric disabilities in fostered young people than in the general population. Questions remain about their social integration and health in the long term: Which risk factors continue to alter their pathway? Which protective factors have minimized a problematic psychosocial adaptation over time?Purpose
A follow-up study in the past was conducted on a SOS children's village on 123 young people who had been reared for more than 3 years and left care after the age of 14. A survey was mailed to these adults aged 23–50 years old, followed by face-to-face interviews. All relevant institutional files were analysed. Attrition rates were very low in this high-risk population. An overall score of social integration aggregates data regarding: occupational situation, family life, relationships, general psychosocial state. Health-related quality of life (Duke Profile) was analyzed by means of multiple dimensions including mental and social health, self-esteem, depression and disability. Multivariate analyses by logistic regression were used to examine the specific roles of decisive factors on social integration.Key findings
At a mean age of 36.5 years, two thirds were well integrated socio-economically, only one out of five had psychosocial problems. Three factors increased the risk of poor socioeconomic integration: accumulation of parental risk factors, having been placed with two or more siblings’ groups and persisting mental health problems when leaving care. The quality of life was significantly associated with a better perception of social and mental health and with self-esteem. It varied positively, taken into account with professional integration, relationships and supportive environment, and negatively according to past adversities: parental domestic violence, maltreatment, and persisting mental health problems. Except from disabilities and to a lesser degree sociability, globally, these former fostered population did not seem different from counterparts in terms of health measures, anxiety and depression.Implications
Results highlight the importance of continuity and stability in placement. For the professionals, it is necessary to give more attention to the question of rearing together several groups of siblings. Persisting mental health problems during placement and when leaving care would suggest a vital need for the staff to identify and to implement intensive, appropriate therapeutic care. 相似文献8.
9.
Objective
To explore the sociocultural and media influences regarding thinness on body dissatisfaction in adolescents. More specifically, to associate frequency of media exposure (television and magazine) with its relationship to body dissatisfaction through the identification of an “internalization” process of popular beliefs about thinness as a positive predictor of body dissatisfaction in adolescents.Participants and method
The sample was composed of 797 female adolescents of which the average age was 1671 ± 1.13. The participants were recruited from different schools in Northern France. The average BMI of participants was 20.71 ± 2.91. The participants were asked to respond to three self-report inventories: questionnaire on media exposure, The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ, evaluating body dissatisfaction) and The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 ([SATAQ-3], evaluating the sociocultural influence on appearance perpetuated by the media through four subscales: internalization, athletic internalization, pressure, and information).Results
The frequency of television exposure was negatively correlated with the “athletic internalization” subscale and the “pressure” subscale of the SATAQ-3. No correlation was found between exposure to magazines and the four subscales of the SATAQ-3 or body dissatisfaction. The model composed of “pressure” and “internalization” aspects appeared to explain the majority of the variance associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent females.Conclusion
The results appear particularly pertinent to the development of intervention, treatment and prevention strategies for body image disorders and eating disorder diagnoses in adolescents. 相似文献10.
A. Gramond A. Consoli M. Maury D. Purper-Ouakil 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2012
Background
In child and adolescent psychiatry, mood stabilizers are mainly prescribed for bipolar disorders (BD). Recognition of BD in adolescent is now clearly established. However, whether bipolarity exists in children is more controversial. To distinguish different clinical presentation in youth, it is recommended to use severe mood dysregulation (SMD) or temper dysregulation disorder (TDD) regarding previously called BD not otherwise specified. This point is currently in discussion for DSM 5. This distinction is very important as recent studies showed that treatment efficacy depends on diagnosis.Methods
We reviewed pharmacological treatment approaches for BD in children and adolescents focusing both on short-term efficacy, prevention of relapse and adverse effects.Results
We found 16 double blind randomized controlled trials (DBRCT) with rigorous methodological criteria assessing short-term efficacy of medications in BD in children and/or adolescents. Four used mood stabilizers (lithium, n = 2; valproate, n = 1; divalproate, n = 1; oxcarbamazepine, n = 1); eight second-generation antipsychotics (SGA); two compared divalproate with an SGA; one compared lithium, valproate and risperidone; and one combined divalproate plus quetiapine. We found at least one DBRCT showing superiority to placebo for lithium, valproate, as compared to SGA (aripiprazole, risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine and ziprasidone). Finally, we found only one relapse prevention DBRCT comparing lithium and divalproate. In sum, most studies refer to SGA short-term efficacy and trials remain too rare regarding mood stabilizers. However, anti-epileptics’ secondary effects are more evaluated compared with SGA or lithium because of their use in treating epilepsy.Conclusion
Current state of data and recent studies bring us to stay very careful regarding use of mood stabilizers in pre-pubertal child with BD. In contrast, these treatments are indicated for adolescent BD in addition to psychotherapeutic treatment and educational care although the number of studies is still limited. 相似文献11.
Interest
The Dupré clinic of Sceaux is a “care and study” center, which has developed a multidimensional program including medical care, institutional psychotherapy and school studies for adolescents and young adults aged 16 to 25 suffering from severe psychiatric disorder, social impairment and/or school drop-out. To our knowledge, there are very few studies that have been conducted on the patient's clinical characteristics and the specific cares that can influence outcomes.Method
We studied a sample of 55 patients treated at the Dupré clinic between 2007 and 2012 (mean duration of hospitalization = 570 days; mean admission Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) score = 43.6). GAF scores at time of admission and at time of discharge, other relevant clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of the patients and the specific cares received during hospitalization were collected. Most of the patients had a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (28%), personality disorder (25%) or eating disorder (23%).Results
Sixty percent of these patients were considered as “good responders” (i.e., an increase in GAF scores ≥ 25%) and the others (40%) were considered as “poor responders”. Adolescents who participated in a specific care focusing on the professional integration were more likely to be good responder (75% versus 44% among adolescents who did not participate in this specific care, P = 0.023).Conclusion
Given the limitations of our study (small sample, observational study), the potential interests of specific cares focusing on the professional integration of adolescents in “care and study” center should be further studied. 相似文献12.
Seon-Hye Kim Kei Miyakoshi Ikuko KadohiraMamoru Tanaka Kazuhiro MinegishiTadashi Matsumoto Yasunori Yoshimura 《Early human development》2013
Background
Studies on myocardial characteristics examined by speckle-tracking echocardiography are limited.Aims
To compare myocardial performance between the right and left ventricles during the fetal development using velocity vector imaging (VVI).Subjects and study design
Echocardiograms of 95 uncomplicated singleton fetuses (19–36 weeks pregnancy) were retrospectively analyzed by VVI to measure global longitudinal peak velocity, strain, and strain rate of both the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV). The regional values were calculated for three segments (base, mid, and apex) of the ventricular free wall and segment.Outcome measures
The VVI-derived measurements were examined for gestational age and compared between ventricles.Results
The global peak systolic and diastolic velocity values of both ventricles significantly increased over gestation examined, whereas the global systolic strain and strain rate were stable (RV: strain − 22.6 ±5.0%, strain rate − 2.6 ± 0.7/s; LV: strain − 21.5 ± 5.6%, strain rate − 2.5 ± 0.7/s). Compared to the LV, the RV showed significantly higher global velocity in systole and diastole (P = 0.001 for systole, P < 0.001 for diastole). The global systolic velocity of the LV increased close to the RV toward term, whereas the RV was dominant in diastole throughout the examined gestation. Basal strain and strain rate in the RV were significantly greater than that of the LV, although there were no significant differences in the middle and apical values between ventricles.Conclusion
Our findings suggest the RV predominance of longitudinal contraction and dilatation, compared to the LV in uncomplicated fetuses. 相似文献13.
V. Walburg S. LaconiN. Van Leeuwen H. Chabrol 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2014
Background
Cannabis use and behavior delinquency tend to co-occur, to be associated and to share risk factors, more particularly among adolescents. However, the role of the immaturity of moral judgment and self-serving cognitive distortions in the explanation of cannabis use has not been studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of these factors to the prediction of cannabis use among adolescents girls and boys.Methods
Participants were 972 high-school students (594 boys (61%); 378 girls (39%); mean age of boys = 17.1 ± 1.2; mean age of girls = 16.7 ± 1, P < 0.001; age range = 14–21). They completed self-report questionnaires measuring emotional variables (depressive symptoms, social anxiety and self-esteem), social cognitive variables (moral judgment and self-serving cognitive distortions), personality variables (borderline and psychopathic traits) and one item to evaluate the frequency of cannabis use.Results
Thirty-seven percent of boys (n = 219) and 24% of girls (n = 91) reported having used cannabis at least once during the last 6 months (P < 0.001). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to investigate the contribution of social cognitive variables to cannabis use among boys and girls. Social cognitive variables accounted for an increase of 4% in explained variance among boys and 3% among girls. The incremental F ratio exceeded critical F for the 0.5 level of significance, indicating that the social cognitive variables significantly increased the explained variance of the frequency of cannabis use in both genders.Discussion
The significant contribution of the social cognitive variables to the explanation of frequency of cannabis use does not indicate the causal direction of the relationship. It may be that immaturity of moral judgment or self-serving cognitive distortions may facilitate cannabis use. Conversely, cannabis use may modify social cognitive variables by enhancing cognitive impulsivity, by inducing social withdrawal which may contribute to alter moral judgment and cognitive empathy, through becoming used to transgressions, or through the influence of delinquent peers using cannabis. This link is probably bidirectional, cannabis use and disturbances of social cognitions influencing mutually negatively. A possible implication of these results might be to indicate a therapeutic target to cognitive interventions to reduce adolescent cannabis use. 相似文献14.
Background
The authors have started a preliminary research to start the French validation of a new projective tool for children created by Coulacoglou (1996): The Fairy Tales test (FTT). Using tales to invite the child to tell a story is not rare in the field of child clinical psychology (Düss, 1949; Royer, 1978; de Tychey, 1993). FTT is a novel way of accessing the inner life of children through structured fantasy and storytelling. The FTT has the advantage of using stories that many children are familiar with (Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs). The FTT includes an interview guide (many questions ask about the thoughts and feelings of the characters) and is composed of seven sets of stimulus cards with three cards per set. The three pictures differ just enough to vary in emotional valence, usually by alteration in facial expressions and body postures of the characters.Methods
We have compared FFT responses of 80 children aged from 6 to 12 years and divided into two groups (clinical group composed of children with learning disabilities versus control group). The aim of that exploratory study was to study three psychological important variables of the FTT: anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels.Results
FTT indicators allow us to differenciate significatively (using Chi Square Method) the two groups’ distributions. Anxiety and depression levels are higher in the clinical group and self-esteem level was lower in the same group. These data suggest the interest to develop further FTT validation since the usefulness of that tool has been demonstrated in other countries such as Greece (Coulacoglou, 1996, 2008), Russia (Savina, 2008), China (Li and Zhang, 2008), India (Sanyal and Dasgupta, 2008) and Turkey (Ikiz-Ertem-Vehid-Düsgor, 2008).Conclusion
Our preliminary study shows us FTT discriminant power to differenciate a group of children with learning disabilities compared to a control group for three important dimensions of personality: anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels. Now it is necessary to undertake further validation on FTT in France with several goals: larger samples, more contrasted clinical groups and evaluation of the other FTT indicators not studied in the present article. 相似文献15.
Background
Previously, we reported that regular maternal aerobic exercise during pregnancy was associated with lower fetal heart rate (HR) and higher heart rate variability (HRV) at 36 weeks gestation. We now report the effect of maternal exercise on infant HR and HRV in subjects who remained active in the study at the one-month follow up visit.Aims
We aimed to determine whether differences in fetal cardiac autonomic control related to maternal physical activity were an in utero phenomenon or would persist 1 month after birth.Study design
Magnetocardiograms (MCGs) of infants born to regularly exercising (≥ 30 min of aerobic activity, 3 times per week; N = 16) and non-exercising (N = 27) pregnant women were recorded using a fetal biomagnetometer. Normal R-peaks were marked to derive infant HR and HRV in time and frequency domains, including the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), the standard deviation of normal-to-normal interbeat intervals (SDNN), and power in the low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands. Group differences were examined with Student's t-tests.Results
Infants born to exercising women had significantly higher RMSSD (P = 0.010), LF power (P = 0.002), and HF power (P = 0.004) than those born to women who did not engage in regular physical activity while pregnant.Conclusion
Infants born to women who participated in regular physical activity during pregnancy continued to have higher HRV in the infant period. This suggests that the developing cardiac autonomic nervous system is sensitive to the effects of maternal physical activity and is a target for fetal programming. 相似文献16.
Pain evaluation after a non-nociceptive stimulus in preterm infants during the first 28 days of life
Background
Protective mechanisms that modulate and lead to habituation to pain are immature in preterm newborn infants.Aims
To evaluate if a routine non-painful handling will be perceived as painful throughout the neonatal period in newborn infants with 28–32 weeks of gestational age.Study design
Prospective cohort study.Subjects
36 preterm infants without malformations evaluated for pain during a diaper change.Outcome measures
Patients were studied at three times (5 min prior, during, and 3 min after the diaper change) during five moments (72 h, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of life) by evaluation of heart rate, oxygen saturation and 3 validated pain assessment tools: the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), the Behavioral Indicators of Infant Pain (BIIP) and Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP). Results were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA adjusted for gender, gestational age at birth, number of painful procedures and use of opioids.Results
Patients had, at birth, mean gestational age of 30.2 ± 1.4 weeks, birthweight of 1257 ± 238 g, with 50% males. Analysis of pain assessment tools did not show increase of pain presence or pain scores at the five sequential evaluation moments. The variation of oxygen saturation during the three study times was similar at the different post-natal ages, but heart rate variation increased significantly from 72 h until the 28th day of life.Conclusions
In preterm infants, the non-nociceptive handling does not trigger pain responses even after 28 days of neonatal care, which includes the experience of repetitive procedural pain. 相似文献17.
Aim of study
This study is based on an exploratory and an ecosystemic theoretical approach (Bronfenbrenner, 2005). This research aims to understand how children in situation of joint physical custody evolve in terms of socioemotional adaptation and to analyze the contribution of individual (children's age and sex), family (parental alliance, income, current marital status of the parents, sibling) and temporal (time elapsed since separation and children age at the beginning of the joint physical custody) factors.Population and methods
Thirteen mothers and 13 fathers of 38 children aged 4 to 12 years completed questionnaires. The socioemotional adjustment of children was examined through the Child Behavior Checklist 4/18 (Achenbach, 1991) and the parenting alliance was assessed with the Parenting Alliance Inventory (Abidin and Brunner, 1995).Results
Among 38 children, 16% figure in the limit or pathological zone on the internalized adaptation, and 10% figure in the same zones assessed by the externalized adaptation scale. Among the factors taken into consideration, we note first, that there is a significant effect of children age: children between 4 to 5 years tend to show less personal internalizing problems than children between 6 to 12 years. Secondly, results reveal that the parent alliance influences only the anxiety/depressive symptoms. Finally, we show the influence of children age at the beginning of joint physical custody on their socioemotional adjustment. Children 4 to 5 years old have more internalizing problems than those aged 1 to 3 years old. However, results indicate that time elapsed since separation moderates the effect of this variable on externalized adaptation. Indeed, children in joint physical custody since the age of 1 to 3 years who have experienced parental separation more than 2 years ago have more externalizing problems than those who experienced this separation 2 years ago or less. 相似文献18.
Introduction and objectives
Due to the high frequency and co-occurrence of vulnerabilities, mothers under 20 years are at higher risk of perinatal depression than adults mothers. We performed a review of the literature investigating the epidemiology of adolescents mothers’ depression, compared these data to adult mothers and listed associated factors, to develop a more preventive approach and specific follow-up.Methods
The review is based on Pubmed and Sciencedirect research combining “adolescent” or “teenage” and “depression” as keywords.Results
Seventeen international studies were included, evaluating both prenatal (6 studies) and postnatal (14 studies) depression with three different scales (CES-D, BDI, EPDS). Depression rate in adolescents mothers varies from 26 to 63% in the third trimester of pregnancy and from 26 to 61% in the first 3 months postpartum, with differences depending of studies designs, screening instruments and cut-offs. Depression rate declines with time, but still persists with a prevalence ranging from 21 to 32% at 4 to 5 years after delivery. Depression rate in adolescent mothers are globally twice higher than in adult mothers, both in prenatal and postnatal periods. Characteristics associated with adolescent mothers depression include sociodemographic factors (less education, low income), psychosocial factors (confidence, self-esteem), poor or inadequate social support and negative life events (violence exposure, history of abuse).Conclusion
Perinatal depression in adolescent mothers is very high and can contribute negatively to child-mother interaction. It should be a priority to screen depression early during pregnancy and to offer appropriate support services during the first years of motherhood. Moreover, it could be of high interest to assess maternofoetal attachment during pregnancy using validated instruments combined with depression scales. 相似文献19.
Objective
Authors propose clinical research data about psychic functioning of adolescent siblings of children with autism. Literature review shows that the main purpose is about adolescent development with atypical environment.Methods
Clinical scales and personality tests give information about self-esteem, anxiety, self-image, narcissism, body image. Samples comparisons, clinical group of adolescent of siblings versus control group of typical adolescent. Statistic method and clinical analyses are given to discuss clinical data.Results
Self-image is perturbed but adaptative functioning is generally observed in the clinical group. A real psychic suffer exists for adolescents of siblings that can be described by means of three process screening self-image, nevertheless it does not clearly appear during childhood and adolescenthood. 相似文献20.