传统腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和腹腔镜单叶腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道疗效比较研究

目的对比传统腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和腹腔镜单叶腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2004年6月至2014年6月河北医科大学第四医院112例先天性无阴道患者的临床资料,其中76例行腹腔镜单叶腹膜代阴道成形术(单叶组),36例行传统腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术(传统组)。对比2组患者的手术情况、术后阴道情况及性生活满意度。结果 112例手术均获成功,2组患者术后阴道情况及性生活满意度差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与传统组相比,单叶组患者的手术时间短[(71.2±19.5)min对(112.2±27.1)min,P=0.02]、术中出血量少[(52.8±23.9)m L对(145.6±88.2)mL,P=0.01]。结论尽管两种腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术具有相似的临床效果,但腹腔镜单叶腹膜代阴道成形术具有操作简便、手术时间短、术中出血少的优点,更值得推广应用。     

腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道临床疗效比较

目的探讨腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床疗效。方法采用随机对照的研究方法 ,对2001年1月至2010年12月第三军医大学附属西南医院40例先天性无阴道患者按随机表法,1:2随机化分组,分别接受腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术(14例)和腹膜代阴道成形术(26例),比较2组的围手术期参数及术后疗效。结果 40例患者均在腹腔镜下成功完成手术,腹膜代阴道组较乙状结肠代阴道组手术时间短,术中出血量少,术后恢复快(P﹤0.05)。术后随访6～108个月,阴道平均深度、性生活启动时间和性功能指数量表评分比较,两组差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术均是安全、疗效满意的手术方式,但腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术更微创、术后患者恢复更快。     

腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术43例临床应用探讨

目的:探讨腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2007年6月～2009年6月我院为43例先天性阴道缺如患者行腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术的临床资料。结果:43例腹膜阴道成形术均用腹腔镜完成,手术时间50～150min,平均60min,术中出血量40～100ml,平均60ml;术后住院15～24天,平均19天;术后随访1～22个月,平均11.5个月;38例腹膜阴道成形术阴道深9cm,4例阴道深7cm,1例阴道深6cm;成形阴道,外阴形态良好,阴道壁光滑、柔软湿润,弹性良好,无牵拉不适感;手术均无严重并发症发生;已婚或有性生活40例,39例性生活满意。结论:腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术具有术式微创、操作简单的优势,外阴保持完整,术后无须使用模具,阴道外观与功能接近正常女性,是治疗先天性无阴道患者理想术式之一。     

人工阴道成形术中生物补片代阴道与腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道的比较

目的:比较人工阴道成形术中采用组织工程生物补片代阴道与腹腔镜下盆腔腹膜代阴道的临床效果。方法:选取2008年1月至2013年4月在我院行人工阴道成形术的MRKH患者67例,其中32例行猪小肠黏膜下层生物补片代阴道成形术(生物补片组),35例行腹腔镜下盆腔腹膜代阴道成形术(腹膜组)。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠功能恢复时间、住院时间、术后病率和手术费用。随访患者的术后恢复工作时间,术后阴道长度、宽度,患者及性伴侣的性生活满意度评分。结果:生物补片组患者的手术时间、出血量、术后肠功能恢复时间均显著低于腹膜组(P0.05),住院费用显著高于腹膜组;而两组的住院天数无显著差异(P0.05)。两组患者的术后病率分别为23.8%和24.5%,无显著差异(P0.05)。两组患者的人工阴道长度、宽度,患者及性伴侣对性生活的满意度评分均无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:生物补片代阴道成形术与腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术均为有效的人工阴道成形术,均可满足性生活需要。生物补片代阴道成形术的方法更简便、手术损伤更小、恢复更快,但费用较昂贵。     

单孔腹腔镜联合阴道造穴乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道患者的可行性研究

目的:探讨单孔腹腔镜联合阴道造穴乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道(MRKH综合征)患者的临床可行性。方法:回顾性分析河北医科大学第二医院2007年1月至2017年12月接受腹腔镜下乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗MRKH综合征患者65例,其中单孔腹腔镜联合阴道造穴乙状结肠代阴道成形术37例(单孔腹腔镜组),腹腔镜下乙状结肠代阴道成形术28例(传统腹腔镜组)。比较两组患者术中、术后情况,并采用女性性功能量表(FSFI评分)对性生活质量进行调查分析。结果:单孔腹腔镜组的手术时间低于传统腹腔镜组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后排气时间、术后并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的FSFI评分满意率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:单孔腹腔镜联合阴道造穴乙状结肠代阴道成形术是安全可行的,手术时间较传统腹腔镜短。     

改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道19例疗效分析

目的:探讨采用改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的疗效。方法:对19例患者的术中、术后情况及随访情况进行分析。结果:19例手术均顺利完成。手术时间90～160分钟,平均120分钟。术中出血量10～50ml,平均30ml。术后住院时间10～14天,平均12天。术后随访3～12个月,16例患者外阴阴道恢复良好;3例术后阴道侧壁顶端息肉,经治疗恢复良好。19例均人工阴道腹膜鳞化。结论:改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术微创、术后恢复时间短、效果满意。     

乙状结肠代阴道成形术32例分析

目的:评估乙状结肠代阴道治疗先天性无阴道的临床效果.方法:对32例先天性无阴道患者行乙状结肠代阴道手术,观察手术情况及术后情况.结果:32例患者手术均成功,仅1例术后发生肠梗阻行第2次手术.手术时间160-260分钟(平均202±33分钟),术中失血200-400 ml(平均207±26 ml),住院时间14-22天(平均17.5±3.5天).术后随访1月至4年,成形阴道宽度3-4 cm(平均3.2±0.7cm).深度10-13 cm(平均11.5±2.5cm).22例有性生活的患者性生活满意.结论:乙状结肠代阴道手术是治疗先天性无阴道患者的有效方法.     

腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术45例临床分析

目的 分析腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术患者的临床资料,其中先天性无阴道41例,男性易性癣患者变性术后4例.观察45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术的手术时间、出血量及成形后的阴道形态、功能.结果 45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术均获得成功,手术时间135～245 min,平均157 min,平均出血量82 ml,人工阴道接近女性阴道的形态和生理功能;术后共有34例患者佩戴阴道模具达3个月以上,人工阴道扩张良好;有性生活者25例,均满意.无一例手术并发症发生.结论 腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术是目前较理想的阴道成形方法.     

3种人工阴道成形术术后患者性生活质量的比较

目的:比较3种不同的人工阴道成形术术后患者性生活质量差异,指导临床治疗中术式的选择。方法:收集1998年6月至2010年9月于南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院及东南大学附属中大医院实施人工阴道成形术的患者36例,按不同术式分为3组:乙状结肠代阴道成形组11例、腹膜代阴道成形组12例(其中1例为羊膜代阴道成形术)和阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形组13例。采用电话问卷调查的方式根据女性性功能指标量表(FSFI)中的内容量化患者近期的性功能情况,评价、对比上述3种不同术式术后患者的性生活质量。结果:阴道润滑指标和性满意度指标得分由高到低依次为腹膜代阴道成形术组、乙状结肠代阴道成形术组和阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组。腹膜代阴道成形术组、乙状结肠代阴道成形术组的阴道润滑指标得分均高于阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);前两组比较差异则无统计学意义(P0.05)。腹膜代阴道成形术组的性高潮指标得分高于乙状结肠代阴道成形术组和阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);后两组比较差异则无统计学意义(P0.05)。乙状结肠代阴道成形术组的性满意度指标得分与腹膜代阴道成形术组和阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);腹膜代阴道成形术组高于阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3组的性欲望、性唤起及性交痛指标两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。3组间的FSFI总分情况与阴道润滑指标情况相同。结论:术后患者的性生活质量在总体上是腹膜代阴道成形术组优于乙状结肠代阴道成形术组优于阴股沟皮瓣代阴道成形术组。     

腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术17例临床分析

<正>先天性无子宫无阴道是双侧副中肾管在胚胎发育过程中发育不全的结果。手术再造阴道是患者能够实现正常性生活的唯一选择。腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术为常用术式,具有成功率高、性生活满意、无腹部大切口、无需特殊移植物、最大程度地保护患者隐私等优点。腹膜代阴道成形术形成的阴道湿润、柔软、有弹性,形态和功能近似正常。随着腹腔镜技术的成熟与普及,此术式逐渐得到医生和患者的认同[1,2]。自2008年4月至2011年3月我院共行此种术式17例。术中采用我们自制的阴道模型,并对术式加以改进,保证了手术成功率,降低了术后并发症,取得了良好的应用效果,现总结如下。     

会阴正中切口左侧切口缝合术临床效果分析

探讨会阴正中切口缝合术与会阴左侧切口缝合术的临床应用效果,根据产妇会阴体的条件,有无产科合并症胎儿的大小等情况,选择最佳的会阴切口方式,以减轻产妇的疼痛,减少切口出血量,分析比较两种切口方式术后并发症和后遗症的发生率。     

妊娠期高血压疾病终止妊娠时机与方式

妊娠期高血压疾病是一组妊娠期特有的多器官损害的临床疾病,严重危害母儿健康。终止妊娠是惟一有效的治疗方法,选择恰当的分娩时机与方式是改善母婴结局的关键。文章复习国内外文献,结合作者的处理经验,就相关问题进行探讨。     

Comparative study of induction of labor in nulliparous women with premature rupture of membranes at term compared to those with intact membranes: duration of labor and mode of delivery

AIM: To evaluate the effect of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term on the duration of labor and mode of delivery in comparison with intact membranes in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix whose labor was induced. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included all term nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix requiring labor induction over a 2-year period. Prostaglandin E(2) (dinoprostone) and oxytocin were used for labor induction. Criteria for enrolment included (i) singleton pregnancy; (ii) term nulliparous women; or (iii) Bishop score below 6. Statistics were analyzed with Student's t-test, chi(2)-test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Our study subjects were 82 women whose labor was induced for PROM and 219 women with intact membranes whose labor was induced for social or fetal reasons. The mean durations of active phase of labor were not significantly different between women with PROM and those with intact membranes. However, the women with PROM had a significantly longer mean duration of second stage and a higher rate of cesarean delivery for failure to progress than those with intact membranes. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that only PROM and fetal macrosomia were significantly associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress after other confounding variables were adjusted. CONCLUSIONS: Labor induction for PROM at term in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix is associated with longer duration of the second stage and a higher risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress in comparison to those with intact membranes.     

Thoughts on the popularity of ICSI

PurposeIntracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the most widely utilized assisted reproductive technique (ART) worldwide. In this feature, we review the early assisted fertilization attempts that eventually led to the development of ICSI, and discuss its current utilization in cases of male and non-male factor infertility.MethodsWe researched the literature related to the development, indications, and current use of ICSI, such as sperm structural abnormalities, male genetic indications, surgically retrieved sperm, high sperm chromatin fragmentation, oocyte dysmorphism, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). We also describe the potential future applications of ICSI.ResultsThis review summarizes the early micromanipulation techniques that led to the inception of ICSI. We also explore its current indications, including non-male factor infertility, where its use is more controversial. Finally, we consider the benefits of future advancements in reproductive biology that may incorporate ICSI, such as in vitro spermatogenesis, neogametogenesis, and heritable genome editing.ConclusionThe versatility, consistency, and reliability of ICSI have made it the most prevalently utilized ART procedure worldwide.     

Perceptions of motherhood: The effect of experience and knowledge on midwifery students

Objective

to explore the factors that influence student midwives’ constructs of childbearing, before and during their undergraduate midwifery programme.

Design

a naturalistic, qualitative study.

Setting

a university in the East Midlands, UK.

Participants

58 women registered on a 3-year midwifery education programme.

Measurements

focus groups were conducted at programme commencement and at 9–12 monthly intervals with two cohorts of midwifery students who were separated into groups of mothers and non-mothers (32 focus groups in total). This paper draws on data from the nine focus groups held at the start of the students’ programme.

Findings

the main themes that emerged from the data were in relation to image during pregnancy, expectations/experiences of childbirth and parenting. In particular, students believed that pregnancy and childbirth should be special. They suggested that a lack of knowledge about sexuality and choice options affected women's ability to be in control. Although normality was the students’ expectation of childbirth, they also assumed that hospital birth was the norm. They were unsure whether the baby's father was the best birth partner. Their mothers were suggested as likely to be more supportive, but there was lack of agreement regarding whether they were the best parenting role models. Students also said that there was a lack of positive images of breast feeding. The overall motivation to become midwives was ‘to make a difference’.

Conclusions

students need to be facilitated early in their programme to explore their belief systems and constructs of childbearing critically so that they are equipped to support parents to have a positive experience, whether childbirth is normal or complex, and so that they can cope with any dissonance between their own expectations and the uncertainties and realities of practice.     

The influence of macrosomia on the duration of labor, the mode of delivery and intrapartum complications

Objective  This study assessed the perinatal outcome in a series of macrosomic fetuses with mothers from a general obstetric population in whom vaginal delivery was planned. Methods  In all, 215 women with macrosomic infants were included from a total of 2,622 deliveries. The pattern of maternal weight gain in pregnancy, the influence of fetal macrosomia on the duration of labor and the delivery outcome were investigated in this group. The main issues studied were the impact of fetal weight on the mode of delivery, the duration of the two stages of delivery and the incidence of intrapartum complications in fetuses larger than 4,000 g in comparison with normal-weight fetuses. Results  Complete data were obtained for 594 patients, including 215 macrosomic infants and 379 randomly assessed normal-weight infants. With regard to the mode of delivery, a direct correlation was observed between maternal weight gain and the incidence of secondary cesarean section (P < 0.014) when vaginal delivery was initially planned. There was also a direct correlation between increasing birth weight and a higher incidence of secondary cesarean section and assisted vaginal delivery (P < 0.002). In the first stage of labor, there was a statistically significant difference for obstructed labor between the two groups (P < 0.03). The rate of perineal injuries and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage were similar in the two groups. Conclusions  As some of the risk factors identified are known prior to delivery, every woman in whom there is a suspicion that the fetus may weigh up to 4,500 g should receive individual guidance regarding special intrapartum and perinatal conditions.     

Effect of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone on the duration of labor.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of dexamethasone administration on labor duration. METHOD: In this controlled trial 122 nulliparous women with a full-term pregnancy and a Bishop score of 7 or greater were randomly assigned to receive a single 8-mg dose of dexamethasone or placebo 6 hours before initiation of labor induction. RESULTS: The interval between initiation of labor induction and beginning of the active phase of labor was shorter in the dexamethasone than in the control group (3.09+/-1.5 hours vs. 4.21+/-1.8 hours; P=0.001). The duration of the second stage of labor was also shorter in the dexamethasone group (22.23+/-16.09 minutes vs. 29.01+/-15.32 minutes; P=0.014). CONCLUSION: The administration of dexamethasone was found to shorten labor duration.     

The Museum on the History of Contraception

the history of contraception has been documented for many centuries. It spells out a story of human motivation and creativity in the desire to prevent pregnancy. Very few artifacts had been saved prior to the creation of a museum dedicated to the history of contraception. With over 600 items now in its collection the museum tells the fascinating story of the techniques and beliefs over the centuries in the evolution of the knowledge and products we have available today for effective contraceptive use.