腹腔镜下切开放液+囊壁电灼术对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术后卵巢储备功能的影响

目的探讨子宫内膜异位囊肿患者腹腔镜下切开放液+囊壁电灼术对卵巢内异囊肿剔除术后卵巢储备功能的影响。方法选取该院2015年6月-2016年6月收治的80例行卵巢内异囊肿剔除术的子宫内膜异位囊肿患者为研究对象,每组各40例。对照组行腹腔镜下子宫内膜异位囊肿切开放液术治疗,观察组行腹腔镜下切开放液+囊壁电灼术治疗,对比两组患者术后住院时间、平均出血量、术后排气时间、雌二醇(E_2)、基础卵泡刺激素(b FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)水平等指标,以及手术前后窦卵泡数量变化,进而比较卵巢储备功能。结果术后两组FSH、E_2及LH水平均有明显改善,且观察组均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后住院时间、平均出血量及术后排气时间均明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后术侧窦卵泡平均个数(3.9±1.1)个,明显多于对照组的(3.0±1.2)个,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后健侧窦卵泡平均个数(5.6±1.2)个,明显多于对照组的(2.2±1.1)个,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后总窦卵泡平均个数(8.2±2.6)个,明显多于对照组的(5.1±1.8)个,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论子宫内膜异位囊肿患者行腹腔镜下切开放液+囊壁电灼术有助于改善卵巢储备能力,显著提高生育能力,增加总窦卵泡数,有效提高获卵率。     

腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜囊肿剥除术后卵巢功能的研究

目的了解腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜囊肿剥除术对残余卵巢功能的影响。方法从我院体外受精-胚胎移植（1VF-ET）数据库中回顾性选取两组病例：研究组70例（A组）曾行腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜囊肿剥除术，包括39例单侧卵巢子宫内膜囊肿患者（A1组）和31例双侧卵巢子宫内膜囊肿患者（A2组）。对照组92例（B组）为输卵管性不孕患者。比较IVF-ET周期中的卵巢反应性。结果研究组和对照组的年龄分布和男性不孕的比例相似，前者在IVF-ET周期中的促性腺激素的用量明显高于后者（P〈0．001），而HCG注射日的血清雌二醇浓度、优势卵泡数和获卵母细胞数均显著少于后者（P〈0．001）。舢组HCG注射日的血清雌二醇浓度、优势卵泡数和获卵母细胞数均多于A2组，但统计学分析差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。A1组手术侧卵巢与正常侧卵巢比较，手术侧卵巢的优势卵泡数和获卵母细胞数均显著少于正常侧卵巢（P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜囊肿剥除术对卵巢功能有一定的影响。     

腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术中缝合止血效果及对卵巢功能影响

目的:分析缝合止血对腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术的止血效果及对性激素和卵泡影响。方法:回顾性收集2015年12月-2018年9月本院收治的行腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术患者150例临床资料,分别采用双极电凝止血(电凝组)或缝合止血(缝合组),分析两组止血疗效。结果:两组手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间,以及术前性激素水平和阴道超声检查结果比较均无差异(P>0.05)。缝合组术后雌二醇(123.42±16.66 pg/ml)、抗苗勒管激素(3.24±1.13 ng/ml)和窦状卵泡数目(7.9±2.1个)均高于电凝组,卵泡刺激素水平(6.35±3.01 U/L)低于电凝组(P<0.05)。两组月经改变率(13.3%、21.3%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论:缝合止血应用于腹腔镜子宫内膜异位症卵巢囊肿剥除术可减少对术后卵巢储备功能的影响,降低月经改变率。     

腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后复发相关因素分析

目的:评估腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后复发率及其影响因素。方法:回顾性分析本院1997年1月-2004年1月腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术266例的临床资料,通过术后随访3个月-7年,对影响卵巢囊肿复发率的相关因素进行分析。结果:Cox回归分析表明,子宫内膜异位症手术史和子宫内膜异位症AFS-r分期是影响卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后复发率的两个协变量(OR=0.276,P=0.001和OR=0.385,P=0.038)。Kaplan-Meier分析表明,7年累积复发率:子宫内膜异位症(内异症)手术史组65.25％,无内异症手术史组42.63％, 二者比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);内异症Ⅲ期组35.71％,内异症Ⅳ期组56.88％,二者比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术是有效和可靠的,内异症手术史和AFS-r分期是影响术后复发率的2个明显因素。     

卵巢囊肿不同处理方式对卵巢储备功能及体外受精-胚胎移植助孕结局的影响

目的:探讨经B超引导下囊肿穿刺和腹腔镜下卵巢巧克力囊肿剥除术对卵巢和子宫内膜异位囊肿患者卵巢储备功能、体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕结局的影响。方法:回顾性收集2016年1月—2017年1月本院收治的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并不孕患者85例临床资料,患者均行IVF-ET治疗,根据助孕前手术方法不同分组,行B超引导下囊肿穿刺治疗的36例纳入穿刺组,行腹腔镜下卵巢巧克力囊肿剥除术的49例纳入剥除组,两组术后3～12个月行IVF治疗,比较两组卵巢功能储备、Gn用药情况和HGG注射日相关指标,IVF-ET助孕结局。结果:两组年龄、囊肿直径、不孕年限和体质量指数比较无差异(P0.05);穿刺组术后血清E_2、LH、FSH水平显著高于剥离组,窦卵泡数显著少于剥离组(均P0.05);两组Gn用药总量和用药时间相当(P0.05);剥离组HGG日血清E_2水平低于穿刺组,≥14mm卵泡数少于穿刺组(P0.05);两组HGG日子宫内膜厚度比较无明显差异,两组优质胚胎率、受精率、临床妊娠率和完成移植周期率比较无明显差异(均P0.05);剥离组自然流产率低于穿刺组(P0.05)。结论:B超引导下囊肿穿刺对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者卵巢储备功能影响小于腹腔镜下卵巢巧克力囊肿剥除术,两种治疗方法妊娠率接近,但B超引导下囊肿穿刺自然流产率相对高,临床可结合患者情况选择手术方式。     

子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术后标本的病理分析

目的:用病理学方法分析与评价子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术对卵巢功能的影响。方法:选择2004年1月～2005年10月于北医三院行子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术的患者99例,分析术后标本的囊壁厚度、纤维化程度、有无内膜腺体及子宫内膜间质成分、子宫内膜腺体在囊内壁的附着率、内膜组织浸润深度、有无卵巢正常间质及髓质成分及卵泡等情况。结果:几乎99%囊肿囊内壁都含有子宫内膜异位病灶,所有标本均有子宫内膜间质成分。全部标本都有囊壁纤维化,子宫内膜异位囊肿囊内壁的内膜异位腺体的平均附着率为(55.00±21.30)%。平均囊壁厚度为(2.26±0.89)mm。子宫内膜异位组织侵入深度的最大值为2.0 mm。98%的病例中子宫内膜异位组织最大侵入深度<1.6 mm,子宫内膜组织侵入囊壁深度平均0.63 mm。64.64%的标本中含有正常卵泡组织。结论:子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术为治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿的理想手术方式,此研究可以为妇科手术中如何最大程度地保护卵巢正常组织提供参考。     

腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿(附128例病例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的临床疗效。方法:对128例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者施行腹腔镜下囊肿剥除术加盆腔粘连松解术,以同期96例行传统开腹剥除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的患者为对照组,对两组的临床资料和术中术后情况及随访结果进行分析。结果:两组手术均无严重并发症发生,腹腔镜组无一例中转开腹,且手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛、术后排气时间、留置导尿时间和术后住院时间明显少于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后症状缓解率无差异,腹腔镜组子宫内膜异位囊肿复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);对两组合并不孕的患者术后随访4～36个月,腹腔镜组术后妊娠率为46.3%,明显高于对照组的23.7%。结论:腹腔镜手术是治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的一种安全可靠的首选术式。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后放置曼月乐的观察

目的 探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿行剥除术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统抑制病灶复发的有效性.方法 回顾性地分析46例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者行腹腔镜剥除术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿复发的控制情况,并完成2年至2年11个月的随访,观察复发情况.随机对照同期住院行腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术,且术后予口服孕三烯酮治疗6个月的患者38例.结果 随访发现5例复发,复发率为10.87%;对照组复发11例,复发率为28.95%.两组复发率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.41,P<0.05).结论 左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统作为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术术后针对控制复发的后续治疗,相比较传统以孕三烯酮为代表的全身激素抑制治疗,其远期观察具有较好地控制复发的结果.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术剥除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿比较

目的通过对腹腔镜下和开腹手术剥除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的比较,探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的价值.方法回顾分析了2003年1月～2005年12月50例腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术和同期施行的40例开腹卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术的情况,比较两种手术方法的优缺点.结果腹腔镜组手术时间(63.15±6.06min),术后住院时间2～3d,术中出血量(60.77±5.6ml),术后需镇痛剂2例,肛门排气时间(20.293±1.81min);开腹组手术时间(108.31±9.87min),术后住院时间7～15d,术中出血量(101.92±12.83ml),术后需镇痛剂35例,肛门排气时间(36.293±3.04min),两组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05).两组术后随访3～24个月,均无复发.结论腹腔镜下剥除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿与开腹剥除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿相比,具有创伤小、恢复快、术后住院时间短等优势,是一种理想的治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的手术方式.     

腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术联合GnRH-a对子宫内膜异位囊肿患者FSH、LH、E_2的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)对子宫内膜异位囊肿患者FSH、LH、E_2的影响。方法选择2015年6月-2016年6月泰兴市人民医院收治的96例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者,按照病历编号随机分为对照组和观察组各48例,对照组患者行单纯性腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术,观察组患者行腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术联合GnRH-a治疗。观察记录两组患者术前、术后6个月时LH、FSH及E_2的水平,术后6个月测定卵巢体积、窦卵泡数,术后1年患者经期时间、月经周期、术前不孕率、术后妊娠率、复发率及再妊娠时间间隔。结果治疗前两组患者的FSH、LH及E_2水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患者的FSH水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者的LH及E_2水平明显降低,观察组患者的LH(4.15±0.54)mU/ml、E_2(51.48±5.16)pg/ml明显低于对照组LH(4.72±0.69)mU/ml、E_2(57.11±5.23)pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月两组患者的卵巢体积及窦卵泡数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年两组患者的经期时间、月经时间及术前不孕率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但观察组术后妊娠率70.59%(12/17)明显高于对照组术后妊娠率37.50%(6/16),其再妊娠时间间隔(7.37±1.15)个月及复发率4.17%(2/48),明显低于对照组再妊娠时间间隔(9.32±1.28)个月及复发率16.67%(8/48)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术联合GnRH-a治疗可减轻术后卵巢储备功能损伤,提高患者再次妊娠率。     

The Impact of laparoscopic surgery of peritoneal endometriosis and endometrioma on the outcome of ICSI cycles

Our objective was to assess the role of laparoscopic removal of ovarian endometriomas and ablation of peritoneal endometriosis on the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) - Embryo Transfer cycles by comparing with the results of patients with untreated endometriomas and tubal factor without underlying endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopy. For this purpose, between 2002 and 2015, outcomes of 257 ICSI cycles of 150 patients, including 91 cycles of 48 patients in minimal endometriosis, 57 cycles of 25 patients in endometrioma removal, 65 cycles of 53 patients in non-operated endometrioma, and 44 cycles of 24 patients in tubal factor groups were retrospectively analyzed. Basal ovarian reserve was significantly lower, mean starting and total gonadotropin consumption was significantly higher, and mean serum E2 on the day of hCG injection, number of dominant follicles, number of retrieved total, and MII oocytes were all significantly lower in the endometrioma cystectomy group. Fertilization and embryo cleavage rates were also significantly the lowest in the endometrioma cystectomy group, whereas clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were comparable among all groups. The number of transferred embryos and duration of infertility were the most significant predictors of clinical pregnancy and live birth. Basal antral follicle count was also significant in predicting live birth.     

腹腔镜卵巢囊肿手术中两种止血方法对卵巢储备功能的影响

目的：探讨腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中卵巢创面采用双极电凝和缝合两种止血方法对卵巢储备功能的影响。方法：选取双侧卵巢良性囊肿患者160例,根据术中处理卵巢创面的方法不同分为电凝组80例和缝合组80例。比较两组患者术前、术后6个月血清抗苗勒激素（AMH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、雌二醇（E2）和基础窦卵泡数（AFC）,卵巢动脉收缩期峰值血流速度（PSV）的变化,以判断卵巢储备功能。结果：与手术前比较,两组术后FSH、E2均明显升高（P〈0.05）,AMH、AFC、PSV均明显下降（P〈0.05）,而LH无明显变化（P〉0.05）。术后组间比较,电凝组术后FSH、E2均高于缝合组（P〈0.05）,AMH、AFC、PSV较缝合组均有明显下降（P〈0.05）。结论：腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中卵巢创面采用双极电凝和缝合两种止血方法对卵巢储备功能均有影响,尤其电凝止血对卵巢功能的影响更为显著。     

Follicle development in cryopreserved bitch ovarian tissue grafted to immunodeficient mouse

The present study evaluated: (1) in vivo follicular development in canine ovarian tissue after slow freezing and xenotransplantation; and (2) the use of erythropoietin (EPO) as an angiogenic factor to optimise the transplantation procedure. Frozen-thawed ovarian tissue from five bitches was grafted into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice (n=47) treated with or without EPO (500 IU kg(-1), once daily for 3 days) (Groups A and B, respectively) and analysed after 0, 1, 8 or 16 weeks. Follicle grade, follicle density, follicle morphology and stromal cells density were assessed by histological analysis, whereas vascularisation of the graft was quantified by immunohistochemistry with anti-α-smooth muscle actin antibody. Despite a massive loss of follicles after grafting, secondary follicle density was higher at 8 and 16 weeks than at 1 week regardless of EPO treatment. EPO significantly improved early follicle morphology and stromal cell density after 8 weeks and blood vessel density at 16 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). Intact secondary follicles with more than three granulosa cells layers were observed 16 weeks after transplantation. The results suggest that canine ovarian tissue can be successfully preserved by our slow-freezing protocol because the tissue showed follicular growth after xenotransplantation. EPO treatment did not lessen the massive loss of follicles after transplantation.     

Treatment of ovarian cysts by laparoscopic surgery: a retrospective study of 40 cases

The ovarian cysts treatment has taken advantage of the improvement made on the operating laparoscopy, that gives progressively better results than those of the laparotomy. On the one hand, laparoscopic surgery reduces the traditional surgery constraints by giving an exact histologic diagnosis and a radical cyst treatment. On the other hand, it prevents against inherent recurrence related to a sample puncture, and en the same time diminish adhesion risks. The laparoscopy can treat all kind of histologic benign ovarian cysts. We report the first experience of the Maternité Universitaire des Orangers in treating ovarian cysts by laparoscopic surgery.     

腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿27例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2009年1月在我院分别接受腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗卵巢囊肿的患者各27例。结果腹腔镜组切口明显小于开腹组,术中出血量、手术时间明显少于开腹组,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。腹腔镜组患者术后镇痛药物使用人数明显少于开腹组（P〈0．05）,术后肛门排气时间、住院天数明显短于开腹组（P〈0．05）,术后工作恢复时间明显优于开腹组,术后病率明显低于开腹组（P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿手术安全有效,具有创伤小、术后恢复快、住院时间短及术后病率低等优点。     

Comparison of the effects of in vitro and in situ storage on the viability of mouse ovarian tissue collected after death

Ovarian tissues, collected or salvaged from endangered species at the time of gonadectomy or following their death, are being transported to genebanks for storage with the assumption that they will (subsequently) yield sufficient numbers of germ cells to help preserve the species. The present study aimed to quantify the impact of delays in collecting and/or processing ovarian tissue on the number of follicles in this tissue that remained normal after grafting. The study compared the viability of ovarian tissue stored in vitro (in phosphate-buffered saline) versus in situ (in the body) either on ice or at room temperature for 0 (non-stored fresh grafts), 3, 6, 12, 24 or 48 h. The conditions of storage had significant effects on the total number of morphologically normal follicles, with significantly more follicles in grafts developing from in vitro-stored tissue than in situ-stored tissue. Storage temperature and duration of storage, but not the storage temperature alone, influenced follicle survival. Tissue that was grafted immediately after collection (0 h) was best, but normal follicles were recovered in grafts stored in vitro (on ice or at room temperature) or in situ (on ice only) for up to 48 h before grafting. The rate of follicle loss over time was very rapid, with approximately 50% fewer follicles in grafts derived from tissue stored for only 3 h compared with non-stored fresh grafts (0 h). The results show that viable ovarian tissue can be salvaged from animals up to 48 h after death; however, in order to best protect the follicle population, the ovaries should be removed from the animal's body as soon as possible.     

Ovarian function during low-dose oral contraceptive use

Lowering the total steroid dose in modern oral contraceptives (OCs) has been connected with a higher incidence of ovarian follicle and cyst formation. To investigate the presence of ovarian follicles and cysts by means of vaginal ultrasonography and serum hormone determinations during use of two low-dose OCs, 65 volunteers were randomized to receive either 20 μg ethinylestradiol (EE) + 150 μg desogestrel (group A) or 35 μg EE + 250 μg norgestimate (group B) for a 2-month study period. At baseline, 39% of women in group A and 31% in group B exhibited at least one follicle <35 mm in diameter. By the end of the second treatment cycle, the frequency of these follicles had decreased to 14% in each group. Only one subject in the higher estrogen group developed an ovarian cyst >35 mm. One subject in each group demonstrated hormone levels characteristic of ovulation; no pregnancy occurred in either group. The 20 μg EE preparation was not found to lead more often to ovarian follicles or cysts when compared with a 35 μg EE preparation, possibly because of the type and dose of the progestogen used.     

腹腔镜手术剥离巧克力囊肿50例临床分析

目的观察腹腔镜下巧克力囊肿剔除术的临床疗效。方法100例需手术治疗的巧克力囊肿患者按入院先后顺序随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各50例。观察组给予腹腔镜下巧克力囊肿剥除术,对照组给予开腹囊肿剥除术。比较两组术中、术后及随访的各项指标。结果两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后病率、住院时间、留置尿管时间比较,腹腔镜组均显著低于开腹组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组术后复发率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,腹腔镜组术后症状缓解率及妊娠率高于开腹组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下巧克力囊肿剥除术是一种较为理想的手术方法,优于开腹手术,具有创伤小、术中出血少、术后恢复快等优点,值得推广。     

不同剂量来曲唑对多囊卵巢综合征不孕症患者诱导排卵的临床观察

目的比较不同剂量来曲唑诱导排卵的临床效果。方法将121例多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)不孕妇女分为A组57例,B组64例,分别口服来曲唑2.5 mg、5 mg,共5天。阴道B超监测卵泡和子宫内膜生长,内膜薄时口服戊酸雌二醇。最大卵泡平均直径≥18 mm时肌肉注射绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotrophin,HCG)10 000 U,观察各种临床指标。结果两组子宫内膜厚度、A型内膜比例、戊酸雌二醇用量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。注射HCG日优势卵泡数、排卵数B组多于A组,卵泡生长时间B组短于A组(P<0.05),成熟卵泡数、最大卵泡平均直径、排卵率、卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,OHSS)发生率、自然流产率两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。妊娠率B组显著高于A组(P<0.05)。结论 5 mg来曲唑更适合多囊卵巢综合征不孕症患者诱导排卵。